Browsing by Author "Minakshi Dhar"

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50,000 years of evolutionary history of India: Impact on health and disease variation
(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Élise Kerdoncuff; Laurits Skov; Nick J. Patterson; Joyita Banerjee; Pranali Yogiraj Khobragade; Sankha Shubhra Chakrabarti; Avinash Chakrawarty; Prasun Chatterjee; Minakshi Dhar; Monica Gupta; John P. John; Parvaiz A. Koul; Sarabmeet Singh Lehl; Rashmi Ranjan Mohanty; Mekala Padmaja; Arokiasamy Perianayagam; Chhaya Rajguru; Lalit Raghunath Sankhe; Arunansu Talukdar; Mathew Varghese; Sathyanarayana Raju Yadati; Wei Zhao; Yuk Yee Leung; Gerard D. Schellenberg; Yi Zhe Wang; Jennifer A. Smith; Sharmistha Dey; Andrea Ganna; Aparajita Ballav Dey; Sharon L.R. Kardia; Jinkook Lee; Priya G. Moorjani
India has been underrepresented in genomic surveys. We generated whole-genome sequences from 2,762 individuals in India, capturing the genetic diversity across most geographic regions, linguistic groups, and historically underrepresented communities. We find most Indians harbor ancestry primarily from three ancestral groups: South Asian hunter-gatherers, Eurasian Steppe pastoralists, and Neolithic farmers related to Iranian and Central Asian cultures. The extensive homozygosity and identity-by-descent sharing among individuals reflects strong founder events due to a recent shift toward endogamy. We uncover that most of the genetic variation in Indians stems from a single major migration out of Africa that occurred around 50,000 years ago, followed by 1%–2% gene flow from Neanderthals and Denisovans. Notably, Indians exhibit the largest variation and possess the highest amount of population-specific Neanderthal ancestry segments among worldwide groups. Finally, we discuss how this complex evolutionary history has shaped the functional and disease variation on the subcontinent. © 2025 The Authors
Association Between Cognitive Performance and Nutritional Status: Analysis From LASI-DAD
(SAGE Publications Inc., 2023) Manjusha Bhagwasia; Abhijith R. Rao; Joyita Banerjee; Swati Bajpai; Aruna V. Raman; Arunanshu Talukdar; Arvind Jain; Chhaya Rajguru; Lalit Sankhe; Debabrata Goswami; Ganapathy Sankaralingam Shanthi; Govind Kumar; Mathew Varghese; Minakshi Dhar; Monica Gupta; Parvaiz A-Koul; Rashmi Ranjan Mohanty; Sankha Shubhra Chakrabarti; Sathyanarayana Raju Yadati; Sharmistha Dey; Aparajit Ballav Dey
Malnutrition in low- and middle-income countries causes cognitive decline and other health problems. Harmonized Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia for Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI DAD) is an extensive study on late-life cognition and dementia. This study examines the link between nutrition and cognitive abilities in older adults using data from the LASI DAD. We conducted descriptive statistics on nutritional parameters (body-mass index, waist-hip ratio, and Mini-Nutritional Assessment), cognitive functions, and socio-demographic variables in 2,892 adults aged ≥60 years. Cognitive domains assessed included delayed recall, orientation, language, executive function, abstract reasoning, and attention. Cognitive impairment was defined as impaired performance in two or more domains. Mean age was 69.3 ± 7.1 years, 52.9% were female, and 57.5% were illiterate. Low body-mass index (adjusted OR: 1.88, p <.001), at risk of malnutrition (adjusted OR: 1.89, p <.001) and malnourished (adjusted OR: 2.86, p <.001) on Mini-Nutritional Assessment were associated with the presence of cognitive impairment. Better cognitive performance was associated with increased body mass index (adjusted OR: 0.74, p-.03), hemoglobin (adjusted OR: 0.91, p-.006), and serum albumin (adjusted OR: 0.38, p <.001). This study shows that nutritional status assessed by anthropometric measures and blood markers is strongly linked to cognitive performance in older adults. © The Author(s) 2023.
Deep phenotyping and genomic data from a nationally representative study on dementia in India
(Nature Research, 2023) Jinkook Lee; Sarah Petrosyan; Pranali Khobragade; Joyita Banerjee; Sandy Chien; Bas Weerman; Alden Gross; Peifeng Hu; Jennifer A. Smith; Wei Zhao; Leon Aksman; Urvashi Jain; G.S. Shanthi; Ravi Kurup; Aruna Raman; Sankha Shubhra Chakrabarti; Indrajeet Singh Gambhir; Mathew Varghese; John P. John; Himanshu Joshi; Parvaiz A. Koul; Debabrata Goswami; Arunansu Talukdar; Rashmi Ranjan Mohanty; Y. Sathyanarayana Raju Yadati; Mekala Padmaja; Lalit Sankhe; Chhaya Rajguru; Monica Gupta; Govind Kumar; Minakshi Dhar; Jorge Jovicich; Andrea Ganna; Mary Ganguli; Prasun Chatterjee; Sunny Singhal; Rishav Bansal; Swati Bajpai; Gaurav Desai; Swaroop Bhatankar; Abhijith R. Rao; Palanimuthu T. Sivakumar; Krishna Prasad Muliyala; Preeti Sinha; Santosh Loganathan; Erik Meijer; Marco Angrisani; Jung Ki Kim; Sharmistha Dey; Perianayagam Arokiasamy; David E. Bloom; Arthur W. Toga; Sharon L. R. Kardia; Kenneth Langa; Eileen M. Crimmins; Aparajit B. Dey
The Harmonized Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia for the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI-DAD) is a nationally representative in-depth study of cognitive aging and dementia. We present a publicly available dataset of harmonized cognitive measures of 4,096 adults 60 years of age and older in India, collected across 18 states and union territories. Blood samples were obtained to carry out whole blood and serum-based assays. Results are included in a venous blood specimen datafile that can be linked to the Harmonized LASI-DAD dataset. A global screening array of 960 LASI-DAD respondents is also publicly available for download, in addition to neuroimaging data on 137 LASI-DAD participants. Altogether, these datasets provide comprehensive information on older adults in India that allow researchers to further understand risk factors associated with cognitive impairment and dementia. © 2023, The Author(s).
Defining anthropometric thresholds (mid-arm circumference and calf circumference) in older adults residing in the community: A cross-sectional analysis using data from the population representative Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI DAD)
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2023) Manjusha Bhagwasia; Abhijith Rajaram Rao; Joyita Banerjee; Swati Bajpai; Pranali Yogiraj Khobragade; Aruna V Raman; Arunanshu Talukdar; Arvind Jain; Chhaya Rajguru; Lalit Sankhe; Debabrata Goswami; Ganapathy Sankaralingam Shanthi; Govind Kumar; Mathew Varghese; Minakshi Dhar; Monica Gupta; Parvaiz A Koul; Rashmi Ranjan Mohanty; Sankha Shubhra Chakrabarti; Sathyanarayana Raju Yadati; Sharmistha Dey; Jinkook Lee; Aparajit Ballav Dey
Objectives To identify factors associated with malnutrition (undernutrition and overnutrition) and determine appropriate cut-off values for mid-arm circumference (MAC) and calf circumference (CC) among community-dwelling Indian older adults. Design Data from the first wave of harmonised diagnostic assessment of dementia for Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI-DAD) were used. Various sociodemographic factors, comorbidities, geriatric syndromes, childhood financial and health status were included. Anthropometric measurements included body mass index (BMI), MAC and CC. Setting Nationally representative cohort study including 36 Indian states and union territories. Participants 4096 older adults aged >60 years from LASI DAD. Outcome measures The outcome variable was BMI, categorised as low (<18.5 kg/m 2), normal (18.5-22.9 kg/m 2) and high (>23 kg/m 2). The cut-off values of MAC and CC were derived using ROC curve with BMI as the gold standard. Results 902 (weighted percentage 20.55%) had low BMI, 1742 (44.25%) had high BMI. Undernutrition was associated with age, wealth-quintile and impaired cognition, while overnutrition was associated with higher education, urban living and comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes and chronic heart disease. For CC, the optimal lower and upper cut-offs for males were 28.1 cm and >31.5 cm, respectively, while for females, the corresponding values were 26 cm and >29 cm. Similarly, the optimal lower and upper cut-offs for MAC in males were 23.9 cm and >26.9 cm, and for females, they were 22.5 cm and >25 cm. Conclusion Our study identifies a high BMI prevalence, especially among females, individuals with higher education, urban residents and those with comorbidities. We establish gender-specific MAC and CC cut-off values with significant implications for healthcare, policy and research. Tailored interventions can address undernutrition and overnutrition in older adults, enhancing standardised nutritional assessment and well-being. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
Prevalence of dementia in India: National and state estimates from a nationwide study
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023) Jinkook Lee; Erik Meijer; Kenneth M. Langa; Mary Ganguli; Mathew Varghese; Joyita Banerjee; Pranali Khobragade; Marco Angrisani; Ravi Kurup; Sankha Shubhra Chakrabarti; Indrajeet Singh Gambhir; Parvaiz A. Koul; Debabrata Goswami; Arunanshu Talukdar; Rashmi Ranjan Mohanty; Raju Sathyanarayana Yadati; Mekala Padmaja; Lalit Sankhe; Chhaya Rajguru; Monica Gupta; Govind Kumar; Minakshi Dhar; Prasun Chatterjee; Sunny Singhal; Rishav Bansal; Swati Bajpai; Gaurav Desai; Abhijith R. Rao; Palanimuthu T. Sivakumar; Krishna Prasad Muliyala; Swaroop Bhatankar; Aparajita Chattopadhyay; Dipti Govil; Sarang Pedgaonkar; T.V. Sekher; David E. Bloom; Eileen M. Crimmins; Aparajit Ballav Dey
Introduction: Prior estimates of dementia prevalence in India were based on samples from selected communities, inadequately representing the national and state populations. Methods: From the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) we recruited a sample of adults ages 60+ and administered a rich battery of neuropsychological tests and an informant interview in 2018 through 2020. We obtained a clinical consensus rating of dementia status for a subsample (N = 2528), fitted a logistic model for dementia status on this subsample, and then imputed dementia status for all other LASI respondents aged 60+ (N = 28,949). Results: The estimated dementia prevalence for adults ages 60+ in India is 7.4%, with significant age and education gradients, sex and urban/rural differences, and cross-state variation. Discussion: An estimated 8.8 million Indians older than 60 years have dementia. The burden of dementia cases is unevenly distributed across states and subpopulations and may therefore require different levels of local planning and support. Highlights: The estimated dementia prevalence for adults ages 60+ in India is 7.4%. About 8.8 million Indians older than 60 years live with dementia. Dementia is more prevalent among females than males and in rural than urban areas. Significant cross-state variation exists in dementia prevalence. © 2023 The Authors. Alzheimer's & Dementia published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association.