Browsing by Author "Mukesh Kumar Singh"

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Association analysis for yield and quality attributes in Indica rice and screening of hybrids against blast disease (Magnaporthe grisea Barr.)
(Academic Journals Inc., 2013) Mukesh Kumar Singh; Prakash Singh; Ravi P. Singh; Chinmayee Mohapatra
Rice is mostly grown in the Asian subcontinent and known by its good cooking qualities. Its production is, however, often constrained by several biotic factors. The present study may be useful for the development of resistant lines against the blast disease possess high yielding capacity. Thirty nine Indica rice genotypes were used to study the extent of genetic parameter and association analysis for quantitative and qualitative traits. These genotypes were screened against blast disease of rice by artificial inoculation in field. All quantitative and qualitative traits exhibited highly significant difference (p<0.01) among treatments, it indicates the adequate genetic variability among the genotypes under study. Estimates of genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation were high for filled grains per plant, total grains per plant, panicle initiation and Grain Yield per Plant (GYPP). Heritability was high (>80%) for all the characters except head rice recovery, hulling percentage and kernel breadth; indicates the roles of additive gene action and a good scope of selection using their phenotypic performance. GYPP showed strong positive association with yield contributing traits while non-significant association with rest of the traits. In blast screening, none of the varieties and F1 hybrids found highly resistant. Among the parental lines, Anjali was resistant, HUR3022, Vandana, HUR105 and BPT5204 were moderately resistant and six lines were moderately to highly susceptible. Among the hybrids, only two hybrids (AnjalixBPT 5204 and AnnadaxBPT 5204) were found resistant to rice blast disease. © 2013 Academic Journals Inc.
Bioremediation Potential of Rhizobacteria associated with Plants Under Abiotic Metal Stress
(wiley, 2021) Shrvan Kumar; Saroj Belbase; Asha Sinha; Mukesh Kumar Singh; Brajesh Kumar Mishra; Ravindra Kumar
Biological remediation is considered as the most effective method of toxic metal removal as these are natural, environmentally friendly, low-cost, and high societal acceptance technologies. One such technology is the use of plant growth promoting microbes for bioremediation of heavy metal polluted soil and is quite important in the context of the global climate change and excessive fertilizer use in agricultural soils. This is feasible because microorganisms have developed many resistance mechanisms for survival in the presence of toxic heavy metals in their environment. Microbes also enhance bioavailability of metals from soil by chelation, acidification, and precipitation as, for example, organic acids released by microbes and plant roots lower the soil pH and help in the sequestration of metal ions. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are the microorganism basically present in the rhizosphere, which includes the bacterial species Alcaligenes, Azospirillum, Arthrobacter, Acinetobacter, Azoarcus, Bradyrhizobium, Bacillus, Burkholderia, Enterobacter, Erwinia, Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas, Pantoea, Paenibacillus, Rhizobium Azorhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, Allorhizobium, Sinorhizobium, Methylobacterium, Frankia, and Mesorhizobium. Genetically transformed bacteria possess one or more genes to increase the remediation of heavy metals. Against this background, genes for metal chelators, metal homeostasis, transporters, biodegradative enzymes, metal uptake regulators, and biotic and abiotic stress tolerance are important candidates for making recombinant bacteria. The heavy metals Hg, Cr, As, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ur, Se, Ag, Au, and Ni are hazardous heavy metals. Among heavy metals, four heavy metals As, Pb, Cd, Zn, and Hg are considered as the most toxic metals by the US Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, based on their toxicity, frequency of occurrence, and most importantly, their exposure potential to flora and fauna. The effectiveness of bioremediation depends on several factors such as the nature of the organisms utilized, the prevailing environmental factors at the contaminated site, as well as the degree of the pollutants in that environment. © 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. All rights reserved.
Genome-wide association study for agronomic and yield-related traits in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2025) Ankita Thakur; Raman Dhariwal; Hannes Kumar Karwat; Vinod Kumar Mishra; Sandeep K. Sharma; Mukesh Kumar Singh; Sundeep Naresh Kumar; Neeraj Kumar Vasistha
Background: Common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most widely grown and consumed cereal crops, but its complicated genome makes it difficult to study how genes affect important agronomic and yield-related traits. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) is a useful method for finding specific loci that control complex agronomic and yield-related traits. Results: The present investigation revealed significant phenotypic variability across the genotypes examined for all traits. The broad sense heritability (H2) for all traits ranged from 0.50 to 0.71 (Env1; 2021–2022) and 0.53 to 0.81 (Env2; 2022–2023). Using two environments’ phenotypic data, and high-throughput single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotypic data of 20,996 markers, we discovered 114 grain-yield-related quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and 300 associated SNP markers. Eighty-five of the identified markers were stable, consistently detected across environments (Env1 and Env2) and combined environment (CE) data, and showed a significant association with 32 different QTLs. The trait with the most associated QTLs (28) was the number of fertile tillers (NFT), with 70 markers. This was followed by 20 QTLs for each, spike length (SL) and spikelet number per spike (SPS), with 69 and 82 SNPs, respectively. Conversely, six SNPs that exhibited association with multiple traits were also identified. Twenty-nine of the total 114 identified QTLs were located in chromosomal positions where at least one marker-trait association had been previously identified. Conclusion: This study has found new SNPs, and useful QTLs that may help us to understand the biological processes behind each studied trait. Further validation in various genetic backgrounds and environments is necessary to confirm the potential utility of the significant alleles found in this study for breeding wheat varieties with improved agronomic and yield-related traits. © The Author(s) 2025.
Identification of good combiners in early maturing × high yielding cultivars of Indica rice (Oryza sativa L.)
(Bangladesh Botanical Society, 2013) Mukesh Kumar Singh; Ravi P. Singh; Prakash Singh
Line × tester analysis involving seven early maturing lines and four high yielding testers, made to produce 28 F1s hybrids. The F1 data revealed that both additive and non-additive gene were important in controlling yield contribution in Indica rice. Variances were significant for GCA and SCA effects for all the characters indicating the significance of both additive and non-additive genes. There was high proportion of non-additive genes for the expression of different traits. Cultivars Anjali, MTU-7029 and BPT-5204 were identified as best general combiners for yield and yield traits among the parents. The most promising specific combiners for grain yield and its contributing traits were Govind × HUR 105, NDR 97 × HUR 4-3, Anjali × HUR 4-3, NDR 97 × MTU 7029, Vandana × BPT 5204, Shanthi × HUR 105, Anjali × MTU 7029 and Shanthi × BPT 5204.