Browsing by Author "Musaed Eisa"

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Biochemical and histochemical parameters associated with slow blighting of spot blotch (Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem.) in wheat (Triticum spp.); [Kviečių (Triticum spp.) biocheminiai ir histocheminiai rodikliai, susiję su rudadėme dryžlige (Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoem.)]
(Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry; Vytautas Magnus University, 2013) Musaed Eisa; Ramesh Chand; Arun K. Joshi
Spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana is a destructive disease of wheat (Triticum spp.) in warm and humid wheat growing regions of the world. Area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) in field experiment was used to find out the role of total phenol content (TPC), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity and lignin deposition in the development of slow blight. Ten recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of spring wheat obtained from the cross between the susceptible parent 'Sonalika' and the resistant parent 'Yangmai 6' along with their parental genotypes were scored for disease severity (DS), AUDPC and lesion size in a field experiment on spot blotch. These lines were also evaluated for TPC, PAL and lignin deposition. The minimum DS, AUDPC and lesion size were recorded in the resistant parent 'Yangmai 6' (13%, 116.04 and 0.23 cm2, respectively) and RILs (18%, 113.3 and 0.27 cm2, respectively in RIL83 and RIL89) which associated with an elevated level of phenol content (395 mg g-1 fresh weight (wt) at 48 hours after inoculation (hai), PAL (928.41 μmoles cinnamic acid (cna) mg-1 fresh wt) and higher quantity of lignin (84%). While DS, AUDPC and lesion size were comparatively higher in the susceptible parent 'Sonalika' as well as susceptible RILs (100%, 938.27 and 3.43 cm2, respectively). Mean TPC (133.5 mg g-1 fresh wt 24 hai, respectively), PAL (248.8 μmoles cna mg-1 fresh wt) and lignin (10%) were significantly lower in the susceptible genotype 'Sonalika' and suscptible RILs. The study indicated that enhanced level of TPC, PAL and higher lignin deposition led to the development of slow blighting of spot blotch in terms of lower AUDPC and smaller lesion size in resistant RILs of wheat.
Biochemical and histochemical traits: A promising way to screen resistance against spot blotch (Bipolaris sorokiniana) of wheat
(2013) Musaed Eisa; Ramesh Chand; Arun K. Joshi
Spot blotch caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana is a serious disease of wheat in warmer and humid regions of the world. Three blighting components, area under disease progress curve (AUDPC), disease severity (DS) and lesion size along with four biochemical and histochemical factors viz., total phenol content (TPC), chlorophyll content (CHC), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity and lignin deposition were studied in a recombinant inbred lines (RILs) population involving parents "Sonalika" (susceptible) and "Yangmai 6" (resistant). The objective was to identify one or more robust and reliable tools of resistance, physical, biochemical or histochemical, to facilitate selection against spot blotch. The DS, AUDPC and lesion size were higher in the susceptible parent and RILs compared to the resistant. The mean TPC (246 mg Gallic acid g-1 fresh weight) of the most resistant RIL was significantly higher than the most susceptible (181.5 mg Gallic acid g-1 fresh weight) at 48 h after inoculation (hai). The mean SPAD value for CHC varied between 48.8 in the most resistant RILs to 8.8 in the most susceptible, while the mean PAL varied between 928.4 and 96.0 μmoles Cinnamic acid mg-1 fresh weight at 48 hai in resistant and susceptible RILs, respectively. Likewise, lignin deposition was significantly higher in resistant RILs compared to the susceptible. The biochemical and histochemical parameters were significantly correlated with resistance and appeared robust for facilitating screening of breeding material and for increased precision in phenotyping against spot blotch. © 2013 KNPV.