Browsing by Author "N. Jain"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2

Bacteriophages: A possible solution to combat enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infections in neonatal goats
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) K. Bhargava; K. Gururaj; G.K. Aseri; G. Nath; N.P. Singh; R.V.S. Pawaiya; A. Kumar; A.K. Mishra; V.B. Yadav; N. Jain
Due to awareness and benefits of goat rearing in developing economies, goats' significance is increasing. Unfortunately, these ruminants are threatened via multiple bacterial pathogens such as enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC). In goat kids and lambs, EPEC causes gastrointestinal disease leading to substantial economic losses for farmers and may also pose a threat to public health via the spread of zoonotic diseases. Management of infection is primarily based on antibiotics, but the need for new therapeutic measures as an alternative to antibiotics is becoming vital because of the advent of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The prevalence of EPEC was established using bfpA gene, uspA gene and Stx1 gene, followed by phylogenetic analysis using Stx1 gene. The lytic activity of the isolated putative coliphages was tested on multi-drug resistant strains of EPEC. It was observed that a PCR based approach is more effective and rapid as compared to phenotypic tests of Escherichia coli virulence. It was also established that the isolated bacteriophages exhibited potent antibacterial efficacy in vitro, with some of the isolates (16%) detected as T4 and T4-like phages based on gp23 gene. Hence, bacteriophages as therapeutic agents may be explored as an alternative to antibiotics in managing public, livestock and environmental health in this era of AMR. © 2022 The Society for Applied Microbiology.
Missed malignancies at laparoscopic cholecystecomy: A new emerging problem
(2006) N. Jain; M. Tewari; H.S. Shukla
Objective: With increase in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) rates the chances of missing a concomitant cancer is high, if the laparoscopic surgeon is focused on gall bladder and does not look around. The aim of the present article therefore is to analyze the unsuspected concomitant cancer, for patients with atypical upper abdominal symptoms and diagnostic delay due to LC. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study evaluates the clinico- pathological data, diagnostic delay and outcome of patients who presented with intra-abdominal malignancy to our unit within 2-8 months of LC for gallstone disease elsewhere, between June 2003 and June 2005. Results: Six such patients were identified (age range 38-62 years). Two patients had carcinoma of the stomach, one each had carcinoma of the caecum, ascending colon and left ovary respectively, while one patient presented with malignant ascitis of unknown origin. Five of these 6 patients underwent a subsequent radical oncological procedure at our unit. Mean diagnostic delay was 4 months. The cTNM of tumor at diagnosis was Stage III/ IV in 5 of these 6 patients. Conclusion: The importance of a good clinical work-up, diagnostic imaging studies and exploration at the time of surgery is re-emphasized. Missing a concomitant lesion is high, if the surgeon focuses only on one organ during an LC.