Browsing by Author "N. Joshi"

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Bioefficacy of some newer insecticides against the major insect pests of short duration pigeonpea
(2006) R.S. Meena; C.P. Srivastava; N. Joshi
The field experiment was conducted at the farm of Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University during kharif 2004 to evaluate the bioefficacy of some newer insecticides against the major insect pests of short duration Pigeonpea, Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. The grain damage by pod fly, Melanagromyza obtusa Malloch was recorded lowest (13.2%) in the plots treated with Bifenthrin 10 EC @ 80 g a.i./ha and highest (19.0%) in the control plot. The pod damage by gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) on sprayed plots ranged from 9.2 per cent in flubendiamide 20 WG @ 50 g a.i./ha to 18.1 per cent in endosulfan 35 EC applied @ 700 g a.i./ha. However, all the treatments were found superior to control. Emamectin 5 WSG @ 11 g a.i./ha sprayed twice at 15 days interval gave highest grain yield to the tune of 810 kg/ha and it was closely followed by the treatment of Bifenthrin 10 EC @ 80 g a.i./ha which yielded 800 kg/ha. However, minimum (370 kg/ha) grain yield was obtained in control plot.
Comparative performance of some newer insecticides against the major insect pests of short duration pigeonpea
(2006) B. Haldar; C.P. Srivastava; N. Joshi
The field experiment was conducted at the farm of Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University during kharif 2003 to evaluate the efficacy of some newer insecticides against the major insect pests of Pigeonpea, Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. Spinosad 45 SC @ 73 g a.i./ ha sprayed twice at 15 days interval gave highest protection from insect pests as well as maximum grain yield of 840 kg/ha, followed by, Spinosad 45 SC @ 56 g a.i./ha with 790 kg/ ha and KN 128 15 EC (50 g) which yielded to the tune of 720 kg/ha. However, in treated plots, the minimum yield of 545 kg/ha was obtained from the plot sprayed with 35 EC Endosulfan (700 g), but was significantly superior to control (untreated).
Identification of therapeutic targets for controlling covid-19 pandemic by traditional system of ayurvedic medicines: A systematic review
(National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources, 2020) M.K. Dash; N. Joshi; Y.B. Tripathi
COVID-19 is a severe respiratory disorder caused by the SARS COV-2 virus that involves limited innate immunity. Numerous publications have suggested that plants/minerals used in the traditional system of Ayurveda, has revealed much about the biology of COVID-19. One theory is that combination of anti viral, anti inflammatory, agents activating immune cells, herbs and metals may be helpful for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection. Anti-viral drugs used for COVID-19 are those which block RNA synthesis and virus invasion, and bind to receptor proteins on the surface of cells, cell cycle protein, and physiological and pathological processes inhibitor. Anti-inflammatory drugs used for COVID-19 are those which controls transcription of DNA, cytokine production, break down the basement membrane, regulate outer mitochondrial membrane permeability, controlling the host cell life, stimulates activated B-cell and T-cell proliferation, virus dissemination, a slowdown of cell metabolism or secretion of cytokines. Drugs which is having role in the innate immunity, inhibits ROS, enhances cell lifespan, activates macrophages, physiological effects on cells activates the Lung resident immune cells. The focus of this review is to elucidate the Ayurvedic pharmacological properties with their therapeutic targets. © 2020, National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources. All rights reserved.
Management of COVID-19: Ayurvedic perspective
(National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources, 2020) Y.B. Tripathi; N. Joshi; S.K. Dubey; P.S. Byadgi; S. Bhat; R. Prasad; B.K. Dwivedi; K.K. Pandey; J.S. Tripathi; C.S. Pandey; K.H.H.V.S.S.N. Murthy; S. Suman; A.K. Pandey; V. Srivastava; V. Jaisawal; K.N. Dwivedi
Ayurveda, a branch of AYUSH system of health care in India is considered as alternative/complementary of medicine (CAM) in WHO. Here, its products are covered under “drug and cosmetics” act but in abroad they are supplements or functional foods. The aim of Ayurveda is to maintain the wellness of a healthy person and to treat a patient. For treatment, Ayurveda adopts 3 approaches i.e., (1) Daivavyapasharya chikitsa) (ypareht enivid 2 ( Yuktivyapashraya chikitsa (Rational therapy) 3 Satvavajaya chikitsa (Psychotherapy) and focuses to enhance the Vyadhikshmatwa (capacity to fight against spread of pathogenesis by strengthening all 7 dhatus (rasa, rakta, meda, mansa, asthi, majja and shukra). The disease COVID-19 falls under “Bhootvidya (GrahaVidya)", which is one of the 8 branches of “Astanga Ayurveda”. It is an “Agantuja” disease, where the disease symptoms appear in 1st stage followed by its spread in the body. Thus, progress of disease (Samprapti) has been considered under concept of shatkriyakala (6 stages of disease development), which has been given high importance for deciding the stage of disease progress and its treatment protocol. Here, we have described the introduction to Astang Ayurveda, concept of disease pathogenesis and holistic approach of treatment in respect to management of COVID-19. It specifically covers symptom based stage of disease progress and its targeted treatment guideline by including all 3 approaches of treatment, described above. Here, the current line of diagnosis, treatment and research related to COVID-19 management has been included, which are reported by basic scientists and physicians of allopathic system. These are indexed in Pubmed and web of science and also described in classical text books of Ayurveda. The same has been reviewed and summarized here, with an objective of possible correlation between the 2 languages of science of health care. © 2020, National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources. All rights reserved.
Snowmelt runoff and groundwater discharge in Himalayan rivers: a case study of the Satluj River, NW India
(Springer Verlag, 2018) A.S. Maurya; S.P. Rai; N. Joshi; K.S. Dutt; N. Rai
The Himalayas are one of the largest cryospheric systems outside the Polar Regions, and include more than 12,000 glaciers spread over an area of about 33,000 km2. The Himalayan glaciers and snow packs retreating at an accelerating rate, thereby creating an alarming situation for the huge population that resides in northwestern India and southeastern Pakistan, as they depend on surface water resources in the region and rivers emanating from the Himalayas. This work attempts to quantify the contribution of different sources such as glacial/ice/snow melt and groundwater discharge to the Satluj River using the stable isotopes based hydrograph separation method at Ropar (foot hill) and Yusufpur in plain of Punjab, India. A mass balance model of three-component mixing has been engaged using the values of δ18O and electrical conductivity of the river water, and its discharge fraction, to estimate the time-varying relative proportion of each component from July 2013 to January 2014. The proportion of glacier melt was found to peak up to ~ 64% at Ropar and ~ 15% at Yusufpur during the wet summer months. The fraction of groundwater discharge was found to vary between 10–20% at Ropar and 25–35% at Yusufpur (Punjab plain) over time. The observed trend of d-excess (deuterium excess) values of river water also suggests that the glaciers and snow packs at higher altitudes contain a significant fraction of snow derived from vapor originating in the Mediterranean region, driven by the mid-latitude westerlies known as western disturbances. © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
Sunthi (Dry Zingiber Officinale) as a Prophylactic Agent Against SARS-CoV-2 Transmission and COVID-19 Symptomatology: Evidence From a Non-randomised Single-Arm Study
(Elsevier GmbH, 2023) S.K. Dubey; S.K. Mishra; V. Singh; Y.B. Tripathi; R.N. Chaurasia; P.S. Byadgi; H. Jani; R. Mishra; N. Joshi; T.B. Singh; A. Kumar; A. Yadav; A. Jaiswal
Introduction: Ancient Indian medical system Ayurveda cites Sunthi (an ayurvedic preparation of dry Zingiber officinale) as ‘Vishvabhesaja’—medicine of highest relevance for the whole world—upholding its special status in managing pandemics. The present study assessed the prophylactic response of Sunthi in reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission, moderating COVID-19 symptomatology, and improving individuals’ quality of life. The COVID-19-relevant phytochemicals in Z.officinale were analysed, and the prominent predictive factors for quality of life were identified. Methods: This study used multicentre, non-randomised, open-label, single-arm, pre-post design. The sample (n = 824) comprised household members of hospitalised coronavirus-infected patients (n = 770) and the frontline health care workers (n = 54) operating in COVID-19 hospitals. Participants consumed Sunthi powder four times daily, twice via oral (2 g) and twice via nasal (0.5 g) routes, for 15 days. They were followed up after 15, 30, and 90 days. For phytochemical analysis, liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, and for data analysis, McNemar's test, repeated measures t-test, and multiple linear regression were performed. Results: Z.officinale comprises phytoconstituents with anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties, has no severe effects, alleviates coronavirus-compatible symptoms, and improves the quality of life. Conclusions: Dry Z.officinale can be a safe, effective, readily deployable, and affordable treatment for preventing coronavirus infection and managing COVID-19 symptomatology. Incorporating it into the COVID-19 prevention and management protocol can be of relevance for public health systems globally. However, this is a preliminary observation that may be informative for future research. No causal inference pertaining to the observed association could be drawn, and this result shall be interpreted with caution. © 2023 Elsevier GmbH