Browsing by Author "Nabendu Debnath"

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Designer probiotics: Opening the new horizon in diagnosis and prevention of human diseases
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2024) Nabendu Debnath; Pooja Yadav; Praveen K. Mehta; Priyamvada Gupta; Deepak Kumar; Ashwani Kumar; Vibhav Gautam; Ashok K. Yadav
Probiotic microorganisms have been used for therapeutic purposes for over a century, and recent advances in biotechnology and genetic engineering have opened up new possibilities for developing therapeutic approaches using indigenous probiotic microorganisms. Diseases are often related to metabolic and immunological factors, which play a critical role in their onset. With the help of advanced genetic tools, probiotics can be modified to produce or secrete important therapeutic peptides directly into mucosal sites, increasing their effectiveness. One potential approach to enhancing human health is through the use of designer probiotics, which possess immunogenic characteristics. These genetically engineered probiotics hold promise in providing novel therapeutic options. In addition to their immunogenic properties, designer probiotics can also be equipped with sensors and genetic circuits, enabling them to detect a range of diseases with remarkable precision. Such capabilities may significantly advance disease diagnosis and management. Furthermore, designer probiotics have the potential to be used in diagnostic applications, offering a less invasive and more cost-effective alternative to conventional diagnostic techniques. This review offers an overview of the different functional aspects of the designer probiotics and their effectiveness on different diseases and also, we have emphasized their limitations and future implications. A comprehensive understanding of these functional attributes may pave the way for new avenues of prevention and the development of effective therapies for a range of diseases. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Detection and Management of Ergot Alkaloids and Their Therapeutic Applications
(CRC Press, 2022) Nabendu Debnath; Pooja Yadav; Shalini Arora; Ashok Kumar Yadav
The sclerotia are also broken and combined with flour during milling. Sometimes sclerotia of similar size to the grain are developed in dry climates that are even more difficult to remove. Ergot alkaloids (EAs) are nitrogen-based chemicals that are classified as indole alkaloids. Ergots are a group of metabolites produced by different fungal species. The bio-synthetic pathway of ergot formation involves different genes and proteins, although proteins involved in the ergot synthetic pathway vary according to different fungal species. Ergot ring formation is the shared process in all species. D-lysergic acid is the prime substrate for the formation of ergopeptines catalyzed by an enzymatic complex known as nonribosomal peptide synthetase. Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed recently published a report showing that mycotoxins are still the leading cause of food hazards. In addition to the toxic effects on human populations, animals are equally affected due to EA contamination. © 2023 Pradeep Kumar, Madhu Kamle, and Dipendra Kumar Mahato.
Insight of oral vaccines as an alternative approach to health and disease management: An innovative intuition and challenges
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Nabendu Debnath; Mony Thakur; Khushboo; Neelam P. Negi; Vibhav Gautam; Ashok Kumar Yadav; Deepak Kumar
Vaccination is the most suitable and persuasive healthcare program for the prohibition of various deadly diseases. However, the higher production cost and purification strategies are out of reach for the developing nations. In this scenario, development of edible vaccine turns out to be the most promising alternative for remodeling the pharmaceutical industry with reduced production and purification costs. Generally, oral route of vaccination is mostly preferred due to its safety, compliance, low manufacturing cost and most importantly the ability to induce immunity in both systemic and mucosal sites. Genetically modified microorganisms and plants could efficiently be used as vehicles for edible vaccines. Edible vaccines are supposed to reduce the risk associated with traditional vaccines. Currently, oral vaccines are available in the market for several viral and bacterial diseases like cholera, hepatitis B, malaria, rabies etc. Herein, the review focuses on the breakthrough events in the area of edible vaccines associated with dietary microbes and plants for better control over diseases. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC
Occurrence, Detection, and Management of T-2 Toxin and HT-2 Toxin in Food and Feed
(CRC Press, 2022) Pooja Yadav; Nabendu Debnath; Shalini Arora; Ashok Kumar Yadav
Fungal species release several secondary metabolites, including plant growth promoters, antibiotics, plant pigments, and several types of toxins. In 1940, the term stachybotryotoxicosis was coined by Soviet scientists to explain a syndrome with symptoms such as pharyngitis, rhinorrhea, hyper-pnea, croak, and pyrexia resulting from expiration of the "Stachybotrys mycotoxin." T-2 toxin affects cereals such as maize, wheat, rice, barley, oats, and soy beans and their by-products and has a deleterious effect on human and animal well-being. T-2 toxin and its metabolites show acute symptoms to humans once ingested. The half-lives of the toxin and its breakdown compounds are usually very short, and they are removed from the body within 48 hours, but it depends on time, amount, and route of exposure. Maximum plasma concentration was reported in rodents. T-2 toxin has a thiol group, which facilitates inhibiting the crucial pathway of protein production by binding with peptidyl transferase enzyme and targets the 60s ribosomal unit, thus hindering translation process. © 2023 Pradeep Kumar, Madhu Kamle, and Dipendra Kumar Mahato.