Browsing by Author "Naveen Kumar"

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A Continuum Model and Numerical Simulation for Avascular Tumor Growth
(Springer Nature, 2020) Sounak Sadhukhan; S.K. Basu; Naveen Kumar
A spatio-temporal continuum model is developed for avascular tumor growth in two dimensions using fractional advection-diffusion equation as the transportation in biological systems is heterogeneous and anomalous in nature (non-Fickian). The model handles skewness with a suitable parameter. We study the behavior of this model with a set of parameters, and suitable initial and boundary conditions. It is found that the fractional advection-diffusion equation based model is more realistic as it provides more insightful information for tumor growth at the macroscopic level. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
A cutoff time scaling of 1/f noise in a sandpile
(IOP Publishing Ltd, 2022) Avinash Chand Yadav; Naveen Kumar
We show that for fluctuations in a sandpile with spectrum, the power may also exhibit a scaling with its cutoff time. Despite significant progress, this generic behaviour remains so far overlooked and poorly understood. An intriguing example is the power spectrum of a simple random walk (normal diffusive process) on a ring with L sites, showing behaviour instead of (Brownian noise) in the frequency regime . We address the intriguing problem by scaling method and discuss its relevance in the context of the sandpile system and a class of stochastic processes. © Copyright © 2022 EPLA.
Adolescent transport and unintentional injuries: a systematic analysis using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Amy E. Peden; Patricia Cullen; Kate Louise Francis; Holger Moeller; Margaret M. Peden; Pengpeng Ye; Maoyi Tian; Zhiyong Zou; Susan M. Sawyer; Amirali Aali; Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari; Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari; Michael Abdelmasseh; Meriem Abdoun; Rami Abd-Rabu; Deldar Morad Abdulah; Ame Mehadi Abdurehman; Getachew Abebe; Ayele Mamo Abebe; Aidin Abedi; Hassan Abidi; Richard Gyan Aboagye; Hiwa Abubaker Ali; Eman Abu Gharbieh; Denberu Eshetie Adane; Tigist Demssew Adane; Isaac Yeboah Addo; Ololade Grace Adewole; Sangeet Adhikari; Mohammad Adnan; Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani; Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Bachelor Afolabi; Saira Afzal; Muhammad Sohail Afzal; Zahra Babaei Aghdam; Bright Opoku Ahinkorah; Araz Ramazan Ahmad; Tauseef Ahmad; Sajjad Ahmad; Ali Ahmadi; Haroon Ahmed; Muktar Beshir Ahmed; Ali Ahmed; Ayman Ahmed; Jivan Qasim Ahmed; Tarik Ahmed Rashid; Janardhana P. Aithala; Budi Aji; Meisam Akhlaghdoust; Fares Alahdab; Fahad Mashhour Alanezi; Astawus Alemayehu; Hanadi Al Hamad; Syed Shujait Ali; Liaqat Ali; Yousef Alimohamadi; Vahid Alipour; Syed Mohamed Aljunid; Louay Almidani; Sami Almustanyir; Khalid A. Altirkawi; Nelson J. Alvis-Zakzuk; Edward Kwabena Ameyaw; Tarek Tawfik Amin; Mehrdad Amir-Behghadami; Sohrab Amiri; Hoda Amiri; Tadele Fentabil Anagaw; Tudorel Andrei; Catalina Liliana Andrei; Davood Anvari; Sumadi Lukman Anwar; Anayochukwu Edward Anyasodor; Jalal Arabloo; Morteza Arab-Zozani; Asrat Arja; Judie Arulappan; Ashokan Arumugam; Armin Aryannejad; Saeed Asgary; Tahira Ashraf; Seyyed Shamsadin Athari; Alok Atreya; Sameh Attia; Avinash Aujayeb; Atalel Fentahun Awedew; Sina Azadnajafabad; Mohammadreza Azangou-Khyavy; Samad Azari; Amirhossein Azari Jafari; Hosein Azizi; Ahmed Y. Azzam; Ashish D. Badiye; Nayereh Baghcheghi; Sara Bagherieh; Atif Amin Baig; Shankar M. Bakkannavar; Asaminew Birhanu Balta; MacIej Banach; Palash Chandra Banik; Hansi Bansal; Mainak Bardhan; Francesco BaroneAdesi; Amadou Barrow; Azadeh Bashiri; Pritish Baskaran; Saurav Basu; Nebiyou Simegnew Bayileyegn; Abebe Ayalew Bekel; Alehegn Bekele Bekele; Salaheddine Bendak; Isabela M. Bensenor; Alemshet Yirga Berhie; Devidas S. Bhagat; Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula; Pankaj Bhardwaj; Nikha Bhardwaj; Sonu Bhaskar; Ajay Nagesh Bhat; Krittika Bhattacharyya; Zulfiqar A. Bhutta; Sadia Bibi; Bagas Suryo Bintoro; Saeid Bitaraf; Belay Boda Abule Bodicha; Archith Boloor; Souad Bouaoud; Julie Brown; Katrin Burkart; Nadeem Shafique Butt; Muhammad Hammad Butt; Luis Alberto CÃ¡mera; Julio Cesar Campuzano Rincon; Chao Cao; Andre F. Carvalho; MÃ¡rcia Carvalho; Promit Ananyo Chakraborty; Eeshwar K. Chandrasekar; Jung-Chen Chang; Periklis Charalampous; Jaykaran Charan; Vijay Kumar Chattu; Bitew Mekonnen Chekole; Abdulaal Chitheer; Daniel Youngwhan Cho; Hitesh Chopra; Devasahayam J. Christopher; Isaac Sunday Chukwu; NatÃ¡lia Cruz-Martins; Omid Dadras; Saad M.A. Dahlawi; Xiaochen Dai; Giovanni Damiani; Gary L. Darmstadt; Reza Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani; Aso Mohammad Darwesh; Saswati Das; Anna Dastiridou; Sisay Abebe Debela; Amin Dehghan; Getnet Makasha Demeke; Andreas K. Demetriades; Solomon Demissie; Fikadu Nugusu Dessalegn; Abebaw Alemayehu Desta; Mostafa Dianatinasab; Nancy Diao; Diana Dias Da Silva; Daniel Diaz; Lankamo Ena Digesa; Mengistie Diress; Shirin Djalalinia; Linh Phuong Doan; Milad Dodangeh; Paul Narh Doku; Deepa Dongarwar; Haneil Larson Dsouza; Ebrahim Eini; Michael Ekholuenetale; Temitope Cyrus Ekundayo; Ahmed Elabbas Mustafa Elagali; Mostafa Ahmed Elbahnasawy; Hala Rashad Elhabashy; Muhammed Elhadi; Maysaa El Sayed Zaki; Daniel Berhanie Enyew; Ryenchindorj Erkhembayar; Sharareh Eskandarieh; Farshid Etaee; Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe; Pawan Sirwan Faris; Abbas Farmany; Andre Faro; Farshad Farzadfar; Ali Fatehizadeh; Seyed Mohammad Fereshtehnejad; Abdullah Hamid Feroze; Getahun Fetensa; Bikila Regassa Feyisa; Irina Filip; Florian Fischer; Behzad Foroutan; Masoud Foroutan; Kayode Raphael Fowobaje; Richard Charles Franklin; Takeshi Fukumoto; Peter Andras Gaal; Muktar A. Gadanya; Yaseen Galali; Nasrin Galehdar; Balasankar Ganesan; Tushar Garg; Mesfin Gebrehiwot Damtew Gebrehiwot; Yosef Haile Gebremariam; Yibeltal Yismaw Gela; Urge Gerema; Mansour Ghafourifard; Seyyed-Hadi Ghamari; Reza Ghanbari; Mohammad Ghasemi Nour; Maryam Gholamalizadeh; Ali Gholami; Ali Gholamrezanezhad; Sherief Ghozy; Syed Amir Gilani; Tiffany K. Gill; Iago GinÃ©-VÃ¡zquez; Zeleke Abate Girma; James C. Glasbey; Franklin N. Glozah; Mahaveer Golechha; Pouya Goleij; Michal Grivna; Habtamu Alganeh Guadie; Damitha Asanga Gunawardane; Yuming Guo; Veer Bala Gupta; Sapna Gupta; Bhawna Gupta; Vivek Kumar Gupta; Arvin Haj-Mirzaian; Rabih Halwani; Randah R. Hamadeh; Sajid Hameed; Lolemo Kelbiso Hanfore; Asif Hanif; Arief Hargono; Netanja I. Harlianto; Mehdi Harorani; Ahmed I. Hasaballah; S.M. Mahmudul Hasan; Amr Hassan; Soheil Hassanipour; Hadi Hassankhani; Rasmus J. Havmoeller; Simon I. Hay; Mohammad Heidari; Delia Hendrie; Demisu Zenbaba Heyi; Yuta Hiraike; Ramesh Holla; Nobuyuki Horita; Sheikh Jamal Hossain; Mohammad Bellal Hossain Hossain; Sedighe Hosseini Shabanan; Mehdi Hosseinzadeh; Sorin Hostiuc; Amir Human Hoveidaei; Alexander Kevin Hsiao; Salman Hussain; Amal Hussein; Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye; Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi; Irena M. Ilic; Milena D. Ilic; Behzad Imani; Mustapha Immurana; Leeberk Raja Inbaraj; Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam; Rakibul M. Islam; Mohammad Mainul Islam; Nahlah Elkudssiah Ismail; J. Linda Merin; Haitham Jahrami; Mihajlo Jakovljevic; Manthan Dilipkumar Janodia; Tahereh Javaheri; Sathish Kumar Jayapal; Umesh Umesh Jayarajah; Sudha Jayaraman; Jayakumar Jeganathan; Bedru Jemal; Ravi Prakash Jha; Jost B. Jonas; Tamas Joo; Nitin Joseph; Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak; Mikk JÃ¼risson; Ali Kabir; Vidya Kadashetti; Dler Hussein Kadir; Laleh R. Kalankesh; Leila R. Kalankesh; Rohollah Kalhor; Vineet Kumar Kamal; Rajesh Kamath; Himal Kandel; Rami S. Kantar; Neeti Kapoor; Hassan Karami; Ibraheem M. Karaye; Samad Karkhah; Patrick D.M.C. Katoto; Joonas H. Kauppila; Gbenga A. Kayode; Leila Keikavoosi-Arani; Cumali Keskin; Yousef Saleh Khader; Himanshu Khajuria; Mohammad Khammarnia; Ejaz Ahmad Khan; Md Nuruzzaman Khan; Maseer Khan; Yusra H. Khan; Imteyaz A. Khan; Abbas Khan; Moien A.B. Khan; Javad Khanali; Moawiah Mohammad Khatatbeh; Hamid Reza Khayat Kashani; Habibolah Khazaie; Jagdish Khubchandani; Zemene Demelash Kifle; Jihee Kim; Yun Jin Kim; Sezer Kisa; Adnan Kisa; Cameron J. Kneib; Farzad Kompani; Hamid Reza Koohestani; Parvaiz A. Koul; Sindhura Lakshmi Koulmane Laxminarayana; Ai Koyanagi; Kewal Krishan; Vijay Krishnamoorthy; Burcu Kucuk Bicer; Nithin Kumar; Naveen Kumar; Narinder Kumar; Manasi Kumar; Om P. Kurmi; Lucie Laflamme; Judit LÃ¡m; IvÃ¡n Landires; Bagher Larijani; Savita Lasrado; Paolo Lauriola; Carlo La Vecchia; Shaun Wen Huey Lee; Yo Han Lee; Sang-Woong Lee; Wei Chen Lee; Samson Mideksa Legesse; Shanshan Li; Stephen S. Lim; LÃ¡szlÃ³ Lorenzovici; Amana Ogeto Luke; Farzan Madadizadeh; Áurea M. Madureira-Carvalho; Muhammed Magdy Abd El Razek; Soleiman Mahjoub; Ata Mahmoodpoor; Razzagh Mahmoudi; Marzieh Mahmoudimanesh; Azeem Majeed; Alaa Makki; Elaheh Malakan Rad; Mohammad-Reza Malekpour; Ahmad Azam Malik; Tauqeer Hussain Mallhi; Deborah Carvalho Malta; Borhan Mansouri; Mohammad Ali Mansournia; Elezebeth Mathews; Sazan Qadir Maulud; Dennis Mazingi; Entezar Mehrabi Nasab; Oliver Mendoza-Cano; Ritesh G. Menezes; Dechasa Adare Mengistu; Alexios-Fotios A. Mentis; Atte Meretoja; Mohamed Kamal Mesregah; Tomislav Mestrovic; Ana Carolina Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de Sá; Ted R. Miller; Seyed Peyman Mirghaderi; Andreea Mirica; Seyyedmohammadsadeq Mirmoeeni; Erkin M. Mirrakhimov; Moonis Mirza; Sanjeev Misra; Prasanna Mithra; Chaitanya Mittal; Madeline E. Moberg; Mokhtar Mohammadi; Soheil Mohammadi; Esmaeil Mohammadi; Reza Mohammadpourhodki; Shafiu Mohammed; Teroj Abdulrahman Mohammed; Mohammad Mohseni; Ali H. Mokdad; Sara Momtazmanesh; Lorenzo Monasta; Mohammad Ali Moni; Rafael Silveira Moreira; Shane Douglas Morrison; Ebrahim Mostafavi; Haleh Mousavi Isfahani; Sumaira Mubarik; Lorenzo Muccioli; Soumyadeep Mukherjee; Francesk Mulita; Ghulam Mustafa; Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan; Mukhammad David Naimzada; Vinay Nangia; Hasan Nassereldine; Zuhair S. Natto; Biswa Prakash Nayak; Ionut Negoi; Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi; Samata Nepal; Sandhya Neupane Kandel; Nafise Noroozi; Virginia NuÃ±ez-Samudio; Ogochukwu Janet Nzoputam; Chimezie Igwegbe Nzoputam; Chimedsuren Ochir; Julius Nyerere Odhiambo; Oluwakemi Ololade Odukoya; Hassan Okati-Aliabad; Osaretin Christabel Okonji; Andrew T. Olagunju; Ahmed Omar Bali; Emad Omer; Adrian Otoiu; Stanislav S. Otstavnov; Nikita Otstavnov; Bilcha Oumer; Mayowa O. Owolabi; P.A. Mahesh; Alicia Padron-Monedero; Jagadish Rao Padubidri; Mohammad Taha Pahlevan Fallahy; Songhomitra Panda-Jonas; Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal; Shahina Pardhan; Eun-Kee Park; Sangram Kishor Patel; Aslam Ramjan Pathan; Siddhartha Pati; Uttam Paudel; Shrikant Pawar; Paolo Pedersini; Mario F.P. Peres; Ionela-Roxana Petcu; Michael R. Phillips; Julian David Pillay; Zahra Zahid Piracha; Mohsen Poursadeqiyan; Naeimeh Pourtaheri; Ibrahim Qattea; Amir Radfar; Ata Rafiee; Pankaja Raghav Raghav; Fakher Rahim; Muhammad Aziz Rahman; Firman Suryadi Rahman; Mosiur Rahman; Amir Masoud Rahmani; Shayan Rahmani; Sheetal Raj Moolambally; Sheena Ramazanu; Kiana Ramezanzadeh; Juwel Rana; Saleem Muhammad Rana; Chythra R. Rao; Sowmya J. Rao; Vahid Rashedi; Mohammad Mahdi Rashidi; Prateek Rastogi; Azad Rasul; Salman Rawaf; David Laith Rawaf; Lal Rawal; Reza Rawassizadeh; Negar Rezaei; Nazila Rezaei; Mohsen Rezaeian; Aziz Rezapour; Abanoub Riad; Muhammad Riaz; Jennifer Rickard; Jefferson Antonio Buendia Rodriguez; Leonardo Roever; Luca Ronfani; Bedanta Roy; S. Manjula; Aly M.A. Saad; Siamak Sabour; Leila Sabzmakan; Basema Saddik; Malihe Sadeghi; Mohammad Reza Saeb; Umar Saeed; Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam; Sher Zaman Safi; Biniyam Sahiledengle; Harihar Sahoo; Mohammad Ali Sahraian; Morteza Saki; Payman Salamati; Sana Salehi; Marwa Rashad Salem; Abdallah M. Samy; Juan Sanabria; Milena M. Santric-Milicevic; Muhammad Arif Nadeem Saqib; Yaser Sarikhani; Arash Sarveazad; Brijesh Sathian; Maheswar Satpathy; Ganesh Kumar Saya; Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider; David C. Schwebel; Hamed Seddighi; Subramanian Senthilkumaran; Allen Seylani; Hosein Shabaninejad; Melika Shafeghat; Pritik A. Shah; Saeed Shahabi; Ataollah Shahbandi; Fariba Shahraki-Sanavi; Masood Ali Shaikh; Elaheh Shaker; Mehran Shams-Beyranvand; Mohd Shanawaz; Mohammed Shannawaz; Mequannent Melaku Sharew Sharew; Neeraj Sharma; Bereket Beyene Shashamo; Maryam Shayan; Rahim Ali Sheikhi; Jiabin Shen; B. Suresh Kumar Shetty; Pavanchand H. Shetty; Jae Il Shin; Nebiyu Aniley Shitaye; K.M. Shivakumar; Parnian Shobeiri; Seyed Afshin Shorofi; Sunil Shrestha; Soraya Siabani; Negussie Boti Sidemo; Wudneh Simegn; Ehsan Sinaei; Paramdeep Singh; Robert Sinto; Md Shahjahan Siraj; Valentin Yurievich Skryabin; Anna Aleksandrovna Skryabina; David A. Sleet; S.N. Chandan; Bogdan Socea; Marco Solmi; Yonatan Solomon; Yi Song; Raúl A.R.C. Sousa; Ireneous N. Soyiri; Mark A. Stokes; Muhammad Suleman; Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader; Jing Sun; Rafael TabarÃ©s-Seisdedos; Seyyed Mohammad Tabatabaei; Mohammad Tabish; Ensiyeh Taheri; Moslem Taheri Soodejani; Mircea Tampa; KerKan Tan; Ingan Ukur Tarigan; Md Tariqujjaman; Nathan Y. Tat; Vivian Y. Tat; Arash Tavakoli; Belay Negash Tefera; Yibekal Manaye Tefera; Gebremaryam Temesgen; Mohamad-Hani Temsah; Pugazhenthan Thangaraju; Rekha Thapar; Nikhil Kenny Thomas; Jansje Henny Vera Ticoalu; Marius Belmondo Tincho; Amir Tiyuri; Munkhsaikhan Togtmol; Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone; Mai Thi Ngoc Tran; Sana Ullah; Saif Ullah; Irfan Ullah; Srikanth Umakanthan; Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan; Era Upadhyay; Sahel Valadan Tahbaz; Pascual R. Valdez; Tommi Juhani Vasankari; Siavash Vaziri; Massimiliano Veroux; Dominique Vervoort; Francesco S. Violante; Vasily Vlassov; Linh Gia Vu; Yasir Waheed; Yanzhong Wang; Yuan-Pang Wang; Cong Wang; Taweewat Wiangkham; Nuwan Darshana Wickramasinghe; Abay Tadesse Woday; Ai-Min Wu; Gahin Abdulraheem Tayib Yahya; Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari; Lin Yang; Sanni Yaya; Arzu Yigit; Vahit Yigit; Eshetu Yisihak; Naohiro Yonemoto; Yuyi You; Mustafa Z. Younis; Chuanhua Yu; Ismaeel Yunusa; Hossein Yusefi; Mazyar Zahir; Sojib Bin Zaman; Iman Zare; Kourosh Zarea; Mikhail Sergeevich Zastrozhin; Zhi-Jiang Zhang; Yunquan Zhang; Arash Ziapour; Sanjay Zodpey; Mohammad Zoladl; George C. Patton; Rebecca Q. Ivers
Background: Globally, transport and unintentional injuries persist as leading preventable causes of mortality and morbidity for adolescents. We sought to report comprehensive trends in injury-related mortality and morbidity for adolescents aged 10–24 years during the past three decades. Methods: Using the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2019 Study, we analysed mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributed to transport and unintentional injuries for adolescents in 204 countries. Burden is reported in absolute numbers and age-standardised rates per 100 000 population by sex, age group (10–14, 15–19, and 20–24 years), and sociodemographic index (SDI) with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). We report percentage changes in deaths and DALYs between 1990 and 2019. Findings: In 2019, 369 061 deaths (of which 214 337 [58%] were transport related) and 31·1 million DALYs (of which 16·2 million [52%] were transport related) among adolescents aged 10–24 years were caused by transport and unintentional injuries combined. If compared with other causes, transport and unintentional injuries combined accounted for 25% of deaths and 14% of DALYs in 2019, and showed little improvement from 1990 when such injuries accounted for 26% of adolescent deaths and 17% of adolescent DALYs. Throughout adolescence, transport and unintentional injury fatality rates increased by age group. The unintentional injury burden was higher among males than females for all injury types, except for injuries related to fire, heat, and hot substances, or to adverse effects of medical treatment. From 1990 to 2019, global mortality rates declined by 34·4% (from 17·5 to 11·5 per 100 000) for transport injuries, and by 47·7% (from 15·9 to 8·3 per 100 000) for unintentional injuries. However, in low-SDI nations the absolute number of deaths increased (by 80·5% to 42 774 for transport injuries and by 39·4% to 31 961 for unintentional injuries). In the high-SDI quintile in 2010–19, the rate per 100 000 of transport injury DALYs was reduced by 16·7%, from 838 in 2010 to 699 in 2019. This was a substantially slower pace of reduction compared with the 48·5% reduction between 1990 and 2010, from 1626 per 100 000 in 1990 to 838 per 100 000 in 2010. Between 2010 and 2019, the rate of unintentional injury DALYs per 100 000 also remained largely unchanged in high-SDI countries (555 in 2010 vs 554 in 2019; 0·2% reduction). The number and rate of adolescent deaths and DALYs owing to environmental heat and cold exposure increased for the high-SDI quintile during 2010–19. Interpretation: As other causes of mortality are addressed, inadequate progress in reducing transport and unintentional injury mortality as a proportion of adolescent deaths becomes apparent. The relative shift in the burden of injury from high-SDI countries to low and low–middle-SDI countries necessitates focused action, including global donor, government, and industry investment in injury prevention. The persisting burden of DALYs related to transport and unintentional injuries indicates a need to prioritise innovative measures for the primary prevention of adolescent injury. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license
An Analytical Study on the Efficacy of Blockchain Frameworks for Student Grievance Management
(Springer, 2024) Harish Kumar; Rajesh Kumar Kaushal; Naveen Kumar; Anshul Verma
Student grievance redressal is an essential indicator of institutional effectiveness and education quality, that ensures a conducive academic environment. Every educational institute provides a 24 × 7 web or mobile platform for students to register their grievances. However, these centralized solutions often lack transparency, exhibit potential biases, and also raise security and privacy concerns that lead to student reluctance to use them. A blockchain-based grievance redressal system can address these issues by providing transparency, immutability, privacy, accountability, and auditability. However, selecting the most suitable blockchain framework is challenging and a tedious task. So, we analyzed the existing studies on performance analysis of blockchain frameworks and existing studies on grievance redressal. The finding from the reviewed studies indicates that 81% of the studies diverged towards Hyperledger fabric and Hyperledger fabric outperforms other frameworks in performance based on key parameters such as transactional throughput and latency. The consensus mechanism selection also significantly impacts the performance of a blockchain framework. RAFT is more efficient than the Kafka and solo consensus mechanism for Hyperledger fabric, in both low and high transaction volumes for read and write operations at various transfer rates. Hyperledger fabric achieves a 94.6% success rate in multiple operations with RAFT consensus as compared to 72.7% with Kafka. The success rate of Hyperledger fabric is reached to 96%, 98.4%, and 96.6% at 25tps, 50tps, and 100tps respectively for write operations whereas during the read operations, it is reached to 99.6. It is also found that the success rate is increased to 99.12% in dual channel network for write operation at varying transfer rates. This study suggests that Hyperledger Fabric is more effective for implementing a blockchain-based student grievance redressal system. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.
An introduction to biomaterials
(Elsevier, 2024) Naveen Kumar; Vineet Kumar; Anil Kumar Gangwar; Sameer Shrivastava; Sonal Saxena; Sangeeta Devi Khangembam; Swapan Kumar Maiti; Rahul Kumar Udehiya; Mamta Mishra; Pawan Diwan Singh Raghuvanshi; Naresh Kumar Singh
A biomaterial can be defined as any material used to make devices to replace a part or a function of the body in a safe, reliable, economic, and physiologically acceptable manner. Some people refer to materials of biological origin, such as wood and bone, as biomaterials, but we refer to such materials as “biological materials.” A variety of devices and materials are used in the treatment of disease or injury. Commonplace examples include sutures, tooth fillings, needles, catheters, bone plates, etc. A biomaterial may be a synthetic material used to replace part of a living system or to function in intimate contact with living tissue. © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Analytical and three level implicit difference schemes for dispersion problem through porous media flow
(1988) Naveen Kumar; Raja Ram Yadava; Daya Shanker Rai
A mathematical model for the dispersion process in unsteady seepage flow through a porous domain is formulated. An analytical solution is obtained by using direct relationship between the dispersion coefficient and seepage velocity, and introducing a new time variable. Three, three-level implicit finite-difference schemes are also derived for the same model. The numerical results are compared with the analytical results and with a three-level explicit scheme. The comparison shows the implicit schemes to be more accurate compared to the analytical results.
Analytical solution for solute transport from a pulse point source along a medium having concave/convex spatial dispersivity within fractal and Euclidean framework
(Springer, 2019) Vinod Kumar Bharati; Vijay P Singh; Abhishek Sanskrityayn; Naveen Kumar
In the present study, analytical solutions of the advection dispersion equation (ADE) with spatially dependent concave and convex dispersivity are obtained within the fractal and the Euclidean frameworks by using the extended Fourier series method. The dispersion coefficient is considered to be proportional to the nth power of a non-homogeneous quadratic spatial function, where the index n is considered to vary between 0 and 1.5 so that the spatial dependence of dispersivity remains within the limit to describe the heterogeneity in the fractal framework. Real values like n= 0.5 and 1.5 are considered to delineate heterogeneity of the aquifer in the fractal framework, whereas integral values like n = 1 represent the same in the Euclidean sense. A concave or convex variation is free from demanding a limiting value as in the case of linear variation, hence it is more appropriate in the ambience of many disciplines in which ADE is used. In this study, concentration at the source site remains uniform until the source is present and becomes zero once it is annihilated forever. The analytical solutions, validated through the respective numerical solutions, are obtained in the form of an extended Fourier series with only first five terms. They are convergent to the desired concentration pattern and are stable with the Peclet number. It has been possible because of the formulation of a new Sturm–Liouville problem with advective information. The analytical solutions obtained in this paper are novel. © 2019, Indian Academy of Sciences.
Analytical solution for transport of pollutant from time-dependent locations along groundwater
(Elsevier B.V., 2022) Dilip Kumar Jaiswal; Naveen Kumar; Raja Ram Yadav
The present work derives analytical solutions of advection–dispersion equation (ADE) with temporal coefficients, and a pollutant's point source moving linearly along the axis of a one-dimensional semi-infinite domain. The source is considered a varying and a uniform pulse source, respectively. The dispersion of pollutant originating from a varying pulse source may be supposed to occur along groundwater flow domain, and that from a uniform pulse source in an open medium like air or along a river flow. The location of the input concentration that is the pollutant's concentration emanating from the source in an open medium or that reaching the groundwater domain being infiltrated from its source on the ground, is considered moving linearly along the flow direction. The motion of the source is described through an asymptotically increasing temporal function. The illustration of the analytical solution clearly reflects this feature. It also renders that the concentration pattern of the proposed solution is proximal to that of an existing solution obtained with the stationary source. The pertinent existing solutions may also be derived from the proposed solutions. The proposed solutions are found approximate but it is also found that the error of approximation of one of them is too small to have any effect on the concentration pattern. To get these solutions, firstly, the moving source is reduced into a stationary source at the origin, then the governing equations including the ADE, are made free from the three temporal functions, one occurring in the time-dependent position of the source, and the other two as the coefficients of the ADE. In this process, three new position variables, and a new time variable are introduced using as many coordinate transformations. Then the Laplace Integral Transformation Technique (LITT) is used to get the final solutions. The solution in Laplacian domain with uniform pulse source is obtained as a special case of that with the varying pulse source. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.
Analytical solution of advection–diffusion equation in heterogeneous infinite medium using Green’s function method
(Indian Academy of Sciences, 2016) Abhishek Sanskrityayn; Naveen Kumar
Some analytical solutions of one-dimensional advection–diffusion equation (ADE) with variable dispersion coefficient and velocity are obtained using Green’s function method (GFM). The variability attributes to the heterogeneity of hydro-geological media like river bed or aquifer in more general ways than that in the previous works. Dispersion coefficient is considered temporally dependent, while velocity is considered spatially and temporally dependent. The spatial dependence is considered to be linear and temporal dependence is considered to be of linear, exponential and asymptotic. The spatio-temporal dependence of velocity is considered in three ways. Results of previous works are also derived validating the results of the present work. To use GFM, a moving coordinate transformation is developed through which this ADE is reduced into a form, whose analytical solution is already known. Analytical solutions are obtained for the pollutant’s mass dispersion from an instantaneous point source as well as from a continuous point source in a heterogeneous medium. The effect of such dependence on the mass transport is explained through the illustrations of the analytical solutions. © Indian Academy of Sciences.
Analytical solution of advection-dispersion equation with spatially dependent dispersivity
(American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 2017) Vinod Kumar Bharati; Vijay P. Singh; Abhishek Sanskrityayn; Naveen Kumar
In the dispersion theory of solute transport in groundwater flow, the dispersion coefficient is regarded as proportional to the nth power of groundwater velocity, where n varies from 1 to 2. The present study derives an analytical solution of a one-dimensional (1D) advection-dispersion equation (ADE) for solute transport for any permissible value of n. For a nonhomogeneous medium, groundwater velocity is considered as a linear function of space and analytical solutions are obtained for n = 1, 1.5, and 2.0. For n = 1, the dispersivity (ratio of dispersion coefficient and velocity) remains uniform, representing a homogeneous medium, while it varies with position in the finite domain (aquifer) for any other permissible value of n representing the heterogeneity of the medium. From a hydrological point of view, the derived solutions are of significant interest and are of value in the validation of numerical codes. A generalized integral transform technique (GITT) with a new regular Sturm-Liouville problem (SLP) is used to derive analytical solutions in a finite domain. The analytical solutions elucidate the important features of solute transport with Dirichlet-type nonhomogeneous and homogeneous conditions assumed at the origin and at the far end of the finite domain, respectively. The first condition expresses a uniform continuous source of the dispersing mass. The analytical solutions are also compared with numerical solutions and are found to be in perfect agreement. The effect of a Peclet number on the solute concentration pattern is also investigated. © 2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
Analytical solution of two-dimensional advection–dispersion equation with spatio-temporal coefficients for point sources in an infinite medium using Green’s function method
(Springer Netherlands, 2018) Abhishek Sanskrityayn; Vijay P. Singh; Vinod Kumar Bharati; Naveen Kumar
In the present study analytical solutions of a two-dimensional advection–dispersion equation (ADE) with spatially and temporally dependent longitudinal and lateral components of the dispersion coefficient and velocity are obtained using Green’s Function Method (GFM). These solutions describe solute transport in infinite horizontal groundwater flow, assimilating the spatio-temporal dependence of transport properties, dependence of dispersion coefficient on velocity, and the particulate heterogeneity of the aquifer. The solution is obtained in the general form of temporal dependence and the source term, from which solutions for instantaneous and continuous point sources are derived. The spatial dependence of groundwater velocity is considered non-homogeneous linear, whereas the dispersion coefficient is considered proportional to the square of spatial dependence of velocity. An asymptotically increasing temporal function is considered to illustrate the proposed solutions. The solutions are validated with the existing solutions derived from the proposed solutions in three special cases. The effect of spatially/temporally dependent heterogeneity on the solute transport is also demonstrated. To use the GFM, the ADE with spatio-temporally dependent coefficients is reduced to a dispersion equation with constant coefficients in terms of new position variables introduced through properly developed coordinate transformation equations. Also, a new time variable is introduced through a known transformation. © 2018, Springer Science+Business Media B.V., part of Springer Nature.
Analytical solutions for solute transport from varying pulse source along porous media flow with spatial dispersivity in fractal & Euclidean framework
(Elsevier Ltd, 2018) Vinod Kumar Bharati; Vijay P. Singh; Abhishek Sanskrityayn; Naveen Kumar
In the present study analytical solutions of the advection dispersion equation (ADE) are obtained to describe the solute transport originating from a varying pulse source along a porous medium with spatial dispersivity in fractal and Euclidean frameworks. Darcy velocity is considered to be a linear non-homogeneous spatial function. The dispersion coefficient is assumed to be proportional to nth power of velocity, where n may take on a value from 1 to 2. Analytical solutions are obtained for three values of the index, n=1.0, 1.5 and 2.0. The heterogeneity of the porous medium is enunciated in the fractal for n=1.5 (a real value), for other two integer values it is described in the Euclidean framework. Extended Fourier series method (EFSM) is employed to obtain the analytical solutions in the form of extended Fourier series (EFS) in terms of first five non-trivial solutions of a Sturm–Liouville Problem (SLP). The time dependent coefficients of the series are obtained analytically using Laplace integral transform technique. The ordinary differential equation of the auxiliary system is considered to be different from that used in all the previous studies in which a similar method has been employed. It paved the way for the proposed analytical solutions. The solution in the fractal framework and that in the Euclidean framework for n=1.0 are novel. A varying pulse source at the origin is considered which is useful in estimating the rehabilitation pattern of a polluted domain. The proposed solutions exhibit all the important features of solute transport and are found in agreement the respective numerical solution in very close approximation.. © 2018
Analytical solutions for solute transport in groundwater and riverine flow using Green's Function Method and pertinent coordinate transformation method
(Elsevier B.V., 2017) Abhishek Sanskrityayn; Heejun Suk; Naveen Kumar
In this study, analytical solutions of one-dimensional pollutant transport originating from instantaneous and continuous point sources were developed in groundwater and riverine flow using both Green's Function Method (GFM) and pertinent coordinate transformation method. Dispersion coefficient and flow velocity are considered spatially and temporally dependent. The spatial dependence of the velocity is linear, non-homogeneous and that of dispersion coefficient is square of that of velocity, while the temporal dependence is considered linear, exponentially and asymptotically decelerating and accelerating. Our proposed analytical solutions are derived for three different situations depending on variations of dispersion coefficient and velocity, respectively which can represent real physical processes occurring in groundwater and riverine systems. First case refers to steady solute transport situation in steady flow in which dispersion coefficient and velocity are only spatially dependent. The second case represents transient solute transport in steady flow in which dispersion coefficient is spatially and temporally dependent while the velocity is spatially dependent. Finally, the third case indicates transient solute transport in unsteady flow in which both dispersion coefficient and velocity are spatially and temporally dependent. The present paper demonstrates the concentration distribution behavior from a point source in realistically occurring flow domains of hydrological systems including groundwater and riverine water in which the dispersivity of pollutant's mass is affected by heterogeneity of the medium as well as by other factors like velocity fluctuations, while velocity is influenced by water table slope and recharge rate. Such capabilities give the proposed method's superiority about application of various hydrological problems to be solved over other previously existing analytical solutions. Especially, to author's knowledge, any other solution doesn't exist for both spatially and temporally variations of dispersion coefficient and velocity. In this study, the existing analytical solutions from previous widely known studies are used for comparison as validation tools to verify the proposed analytical solution as well as the numerical code of the Two-Dimensional Subsurface Flow, Fate and Transport of Microbes and Chemicals (2DFATMIC) code and the developed 1D finite difference code (FDM). All such solutions show perfect match with the respective proposed solutions. © 2017 Elsevier B.V.
Analytical solutions for temporally and spatially dependent solute dispersion of pulse type input concentration in one-dimensional semi-infinite media
(2009) Dilip Kumar Jaiswal; Atul Kumar; Naveen Kumar; R.R. Yadav
A linear advection-diffusion equation with variable coefficients in a one-dimensional semi-infinite medium is solved analytically using a Laplace transformation technique, for two dispersion problems: temporally dependent dispersion along a uniform flow and spatially dependent dispersion along a non-uniform flow. Uniform and varying pulse type input conditions are considered. The variable coefficients in the advection-diffusion equation are reduced into constant coefficients with the help of two transformations which introduce new space and time variables, respectively. It is observed that the temporal dependence of increasing nature causes faster solute transport through the medium than that of decreasing nature. Similarly the effect of inhomogeneity of the medium on the solute transport is studied with the help of a function linearly interpolated in a finite space domain. © 2009 International Association for Hydraulic Engineering and Research, Asia Pacific Division.
Analytical solutions of ADE with temporal coefficients for continuous source in infinite and semi-infinite media
(American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 2018) Abhishek Sanskrityayn; Naveen Kumar
In the present technical note, two aspects commonly used to obtain the analytical solution of advection-diffusion equation (ADE) with time-dependent coefficients describing solute transport due to a continuous source in infinite and semi-infinite porous media, respectively, have been addressed. One is regarding describing a continuous source in an infinite medium and the other is in the context of the analytical solution of the ADE with time-dependent coefficients in a semi-infinite medium. Primarily, this note establishes that in an infinite medium, the correct concentration attenuation pattern from a continuous or instantaneous source may be obtained through the solution of the ADE only if the pollutant's source is defined by a nonhomogeneous term of the ADE in the form of the Dirac delta function, whereas the solution of the ADE with a first-order decay term when the continuous source is expressed by means of an initial condition in the form of the Heaviside function does not exhibit the expected attenuation pattern. In the second part, it is shown that the analytical solutions of the ADE with temporally dependent coefficients in a semi-infinite medium may be obtained, contrary to it being held in the literature that it could not be obtained. © 2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
Analytical solutions of one-dimensional advection- diffusion equation with variable coefficients in a finite domain
(2009) Atul Kumar; Dilip Kumar Jaiswal; Naveen Kumar
Analytical solutions are obtained for one-dimensional advection-diffusion equation with variable coefficients in a longitudinal finite initially solute free domain, for two dispersion problems. In the first one, temporally dependent solute dispersion along uniform flow in homogeneous domain is studied. In the second problem the velocity is considered spatially dependent due to the inhomogeneity of the domain and the dispersion is considered proportional to the square of the velocity. The velocity is linearly interpolated to represent small increase in it along the finite domain. This analytical solution is compared with the numerical solution in case the dispersion is proportional to the same linearly interpolated velocity. The input condition is considered continuous of uniform and of increasing nature both. The analytical solutions are obtained by using Laplace transformation technique. In that process new independent space and time variables have been introduced. The effects of the dependency of dispersion with time and the inhomogeneity of the domain on the solute transport are studied separately with the help of graphs. © Printed in India.
Analytical solutions to one-dimensional advection-diffusion equation with variable coefficients in semi-infinite media
(2010) Atul Kumar; Dilip Kumar Jaiswal; Naveen Kumar
In the present study one-dimensional advection-diffusion equation with variable coefficients is solved for three dispersion problems: (i) solute dispersion along steady flow through an inhomogeneous medium, (ii) temporally dependent solute dispersion along uniform flow through homogeneous medium and (iii) solute dispersion along temporally dependent flow through inhomogeneous medium. Continuous point sources of uniform and increasing nature are considered in an initially solute free semi-infinite medium. Analytical solutions are obtained using Laplace transformation technique. The inhomogeneity of the medium is expressed by spatially dependent flow. Its velocity is defined by a function interpolated linearly in a finite domain in which concentration values are to be evaluated. The dispersion is considered proportional to square of the spatially dependent velocity. The solutions of the third problem may help understand the concentration dispersion pattern along a sinusoidally varying unsteady flow through an inhomogeneous medium. New independent variables are introduced through separate transformations, in terms of which the advection-diffusion equation in each problem is reduced into the one with the constant coefficients. The effects of spatial and temporal dependence on the concentration dispersion are studied with the help of respective parameters and are shown graphically. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Annulative coupling of α-substituted acrylic acids and sulfoxonium ylides: easy access to bioactive γ-butyrolactones
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2024) Naveen Kumar; Satyendra Kumar Pandey
We present a straightforward, catalyst- and additive-free method for synthesizing keto γ-butyrolactones using readily available β-keto sulfoxonium ylides and acrylic acids. This robust approach demonstrates exceptional compatibility with various functional groups on β-keto sulfoxonium ylides and α-substituted acrylic acids, resulting in good to high yields of the anticipated products. Moreover, the practicality of this approach was validated through large-scale reactions and the successful conversion of some synthesized derivatives into bioactive natural products, including L-factor, muricatacin, and cytosporanone A. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Bibliometric Analysis of Blockchain in the Healthcare Domain
(Tsinghua University Press, 2023) Shilpi Garg; Rajesh Kumar Kaushal; Naveen Kumar; Anshul Verma
As an innovation, Blockchain has transformed numerous industries and sparked the interest of the research community due to its abundance of benefits, opening up diverse research routes in the healthcare sector in the last decade. With Health 4.0 becoming ubiquitous in the healthcare industry, end-user transactions are being carried out on a decentralized network, making Blockchain profitable to meet the demands of the modern healthcare sector. Therefore, a detailed analysis of Blockchain is very crucial. This study emphasizes the evolution of science and the preliminary research of Blockchain in healthcare through bibliometric analysis. All the data are extracted from the Scopus database, and the VOSviewer tool is used for analysis. A total of 1152 Scopus articles published between 2018 and 2022 are examined. Results reveal that in 2022, the field of Blockchain experienced a notable increment in the number of publications and a significant growth rate. IEEE Access became well known in this field and had a large number of citations. It is observed that China and India are the leading countries in terms of publications on Blockchain. This study offers a number of recommendations that amateur and professional researchers can use as a benchmark before commencing a Blockchain investigation in the future. © All articles included in the journal are copyrighted to the ITU and TUP.
Concentration distribution along unsteady groundwater flow
(1996) Naveen Kumar; Mritunjay Kumar
Analytical solutions have been obtained to show the concentration distribution behaviour of pollutants from a point source along sinusoidally and exponentially varying groundwater flow in an aquifer of uniform permeability. A direct relationship between dispersion coefficient and velocity is used and new time variable is introduced to convert the partial differential equation with time dependent coefficients into one with constant coefficients.