Browsing by Author "Neelam Yadav"

Now showing 1 - 10 of 10

99mTc labeled macrocyclic aza-oxa and aza-thia probes: Synthesis, characterization and in vitro & in vivo biological studies
(Springer Netherlands, 2015) Neelam Yadav; Krishna Chuttani; Anil K. Mishra; Bachcha Singh
Macrocyclic chelating agents 1-oxa-4,7,10-triazacyclopentadecane-3,11-dione (OTDD) and 1-thia-4,7, 10-triazacyclododecane-3,11-dione (TTDD) have been synthesized and labeled with radionuclide (99mTc), with radiolabeling efficiency 97.6 and 98.4 % respectively. The radiochemical purity of labeled complex (99mTc-OTDD and 99mTc-TTDD) was determined 97.5 and 98.1 %, respectively. The in vitro stability of the labeled chelates in human serum exhibited only <8 % dissociation upto 24 h. The in vivo distribution pattern of the labeled chelators in BALB/c mice suggested that major route of excretion in 99mTc-TTDD is hepatobilliary and minor is renal, while in case of 99mTc-OTDD hepatobilliary as well as renal both comparable. The in vivo blood kinetic studies of radio-complexes of 99mTc-OTDD and 99mTc-TTDD showed 99.26 and 99.4 % blood clearance over 24 h post injection. The biological half-life of 99mTc-OTDD and 99mTc-TTDD with t1/2(F) 1 h 10 min, t1/2(S) 18 h 50 min and t1/2(F) 1 h 42 min, t1/2(S) 18 h 20 min respectively. In vitro cytotoxicity study of OTDD and TTDD did not exhibit any significant antiproliferative property against cancer cells of human glioblastoma U-87, U373 and cervical SW756, HeLa cell lines. © 2015 Springer Science+Business Media.
Blanching effect on nutritionally important starch fractions of selected processing potato cultivars
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Neelam Yadav; Pinki Saini; Devinder Kaur; Vijai Kishor Gupta; Bandana Kaundal; Rajendra Kumar; Pragya Mishra; Niharika
Blanching is the primary treatment given to potato tubers before any other processing but has a differential impact on its starch content quality parameter. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of three different blanching methods, i.e., water (100 °C for 5, 10, 15 min), steam (100 °C for 10, 15, 20 min) and microwave (640 W for 1, 3, 5 min) with different time-temperature combinations on nutritionally essential starch fractions of five potato processing cultivars (Kufri Chipsona 1, Kufri Chipsona 3, Kufri Chipsona 4, Kufri Himsona and Kufri Frysona). The total starch content in the raw samples ranged from 17.92 g/100 g to 69.27 g ̸ 100 g. All the blanching treatments caused a significant reduction of starch content, and 5 min water blanching treatment was standardized for optimum total starch content. Rapidly Digestible Starch content decreased as processing time was increased in all the treatments with maximum degradation by water blanching for 15 min. Slowly Digestible Starch content enhanced with an increase in processing time. The levels of the starch fractions varied depending on blanching methods. Blanching significantly influenced the various starch fractions in potatoes. © 2023
Comparison of BTSE-RGD with DOTA-RGD as a potential imaging agent for tumors
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2015) Raunak Varshney; Sweta Singh; Anjani K. Tiwari; Rashi Mathur; Shivani Singh; Puja Panwar; Neelam Yadav; Krishna Chutani; B. Singh; Anil K. Mishra
RGD and its analogues are very important compounds and can be used as potential tumor-targeting agents. Bisthiosemicarbazone-conjugated RGD (BTSE-RGD) and DOTA-RGD were prepared using a chemical strategy based on peptide synthesis and chemoselective ligations. BTSE-RGD comprises two domains, the first a tumour selective domain and the other a chelating vehicle, for conjugation of radioisotopes. Both compounds were synthesized and labelled with 99mTc and radiochemically analysed by HPLC. The stability of the radioconjugate in the presence of human serum was checked at 37°C up to 8 h. Labelling yield of 96.8 ± 0.32% was obtained, which corresponds to a specific activity in the range of 36-89 MBq μmol-1 for BTSE-RGD. The BTSE-RGD conjugate was examined in vitro for its ability to bind with the αvβ3 receptor. The functionalized BTSE-RGD displayed a binding affinity toward αvβ3 integrin (31.9 ± 6.8 nM) many-fold better than DOTA-RGD. 99mTc-BTSE-RGD showed a slower distribution half-life (T1/2α) and elimination half-life (T1/2β) of 65 ± 0.001 min and 21 h 15 min ± 0.001 min, respectively, in comparison to 99mTc-DOTA-RGD, with T1/2α of 18 ± 0.001 min and T1/2β of 9 h 10 min ± 0.005 min. Biodistribution study showed better tumor-to-muscle ratio for BTSE-RGD, which reaches maximum around 3.5 (% ID) in 2 h, while for DOTA-RGD the maximum was 13.60 at 24 h. © The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Endophytic nitrogen-fixing bacteria: Untapped treasurer for agricultural sustainability
(Open Science Publishers LLP Inc., 2023) Kusam Lata Rana; Divjot Kour; Tanvir Kaur; Rajeshwari Negi; Rubee Devi; Neelam Yadav; Pankaj Kumar Rai; Sangram Singh; Ashutosh Kumar Rai; Ashok Yadav; R.Z. Sayyed; Ajar Nath Yadav
Nitrogen (N) is one of the vital elements required for proper growth and development of plants. In the earth’s atmosphere, N is available in the form of nitrogen gas (N2) and mostly plants utilize N in the form nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium ion (NH4+) which are fixed through the biological process known as N2 fixation. As N is one of the elements most likely to be limiting to plant growth, this phenomenon provides an alternative to the implementations of chemical fertilizers as source of nutrients which have resulted in the ammonia volatilization, leading to significant impact on global warming in the atmosphere which, further, diverts the focus of scientist to find out eco-friendly technology. Globally, the demand for introducing eco-friendly practices for improving sustainable agriculture productivity has been increased. Since long time, microbes play an important role in providing pollution-free environment. Endophytic microbes being present inside the specific tissues of plants mostly empower in the growth of plants. The endophytic nitrogen-fixing microbe has been well characterized from leguminous as well non-legume crops. Endophytic bacteria belong to different phyla such as Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. The predominant N2-fixing endophytic Burkholderia, Rhizobium, Pseudomonas, Bradyrhizobium, Bacillus, Frankia, Enterobacter, and Azospirillum have been reported from different host plant. Nitrogen-fixing endophytic bacteria has a wide variety of application for maintaining growth of plant, crop yield, and health of soil for sustainable agriculture. The present review focuses on major developments on biodiversity of N-fixing endophytic microbiomes and their role for plant growth promotion and soil health for agroenvironmental sustainability. © 2023 Kusam Lata Rana, et al.
Fungi as an unseen heritage and wealth: Conclusion and future challenges
(Elsevier, 2024) Ajar Nath Yadav; Tanvir Kaur; Rubee Devi; Rajeshwari Negi; Divjot Kour; Ashok Yadav; Ait Bessai Sylia; Ashutosh Kumar Rai; Elhafid Nabti; Neelam Yadav; Ahmed M. Abdel-Azeem; Amrik Singh Ahluwalia
Endophytic fungi are largely recognized for their wide range of applications. They are known to be associated with a wide range of plants, both land- and water-based. Endophytic fungi residing inside plant tissues are very diverse and belong to phyla such as Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mucoromycota. Endophytic fungi are a key source of natural compounds such as enzymes, secondary metabolites, and bioactive compounds, and these have several applications in human health as well as the agricultural and industrial sectors. Fungal endophytes are also utilized as bioinoculants to promote plant growth. Fungal endophytes show different plant growth-promoting abilities such as the solubilization of minerals as well as the production of phytohormones, siderophores, ammonia, and hydrogen cyanide that alleviate stress caused by nutrient depletion as well as environmental factors such as drought, salinity, flooding, and heavy metals. Endophytic fungi also play a pivotal role as biocontrol agents that help control pests and pathogens attacking various plants. In this chapter, their biodiversity, roles, and applications in various sectors are discussed in detail. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved including those for text and data mining AI training and similar technologies.
Growth and productivity of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea l.) under varying levels and sources of sulphur in semi-arid conditions of Rajasthan
(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2018) Nagesh Yadav; S.S. Yadav; Neelam Yadav; M.R. Yadav; Rakesh Kumar; L.R. Yadav; L.C. Yadav; O.P. Sharma
A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy research farm, S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner during kharif, 2015 in order to evaluate the performance of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under varying levels of sulphur and its sources. Results of experiment revealed that CGR of crop during 0 - 35 DAS registered significant increase upto application of sulphur at 45 kg/ha. However, at later stages of growth the significant increase was noted upto 60 kg S/ha only. Application of sulphur at 60 kg/ha recorded a significant increase of 6.1 per cent in RGR over 15 kg/ha during 70 DAS – at harvest stage. Likewise, application of 60 kg S/ha also significantly enhanced the number of total and effective nodules as well as fresh and dry weight of nodules/plant and produced significantly higher pod and biological yields of groundnut (1832 and 5361 kg/ha) than 45, 30 and 15 kg/ha. Application of sulphur through gypsum recorded significant increase in plant height and dry matter accumulation/m row length at all the stages of crop over SSP and elemental sulphur treatments. The maximum CGR at all the stages of crop was recorded when sulphur was applied through gypsum. Sulphur application through SSP registered 13.9, 9.8 and 21.4 per cent increase in CGR over elemental sulphur at these stages, respectively. On the other hand, SSP and gypsum increased the RGR by 7.2 and 6.3 per cent, respectively over elemental sulphur. Gypsum as a sources of sulphur fertilization recorded the highest number of 62.30 total and 55.00 effective nodules/plant and as well as fresh and dry weight of nodules (229.87 and 102.00 mg/plant) thereby increasing to the extent of 22.1, 27.6, 23.9 and 18.9 per cent over elemental sulphur. Sulphur application through gypsum produced 13.1 and 10.2 per cent higher pod and biological yield of groundnut over elemental sulphur. © 2018, Agricultural Research Communication Centre. All rights reserved.
Microbes-mediated alleviation of heavy metal stress in crops: Current research and future challenges
(Open Science Publishers LLP Inc., 2022) Rubee Devi; Tanvir Kaur; Divjot Kour; Macie Hricovec; Rajinikanth Mohan; Neelam Yadav; Pankaj Kumar Rai; Ashutosh Kumar Rai; Ashok Yadav; Manish Kumar; Ajar Nath Yadav
Heavy metals (HMs) pollute the environment on a global scale and have different harmful effect on ecosystem. Outstripping accumulation of diverse toxic HMs in soils has altered the diversity, structure and function of microflora, degraded soils, reduces growth and yield of plant, and entered the food chain. HM treatment is necessary for maintaining the agricultural soil health. Many procedures and approaches have been used to recover contaminated soils in recent time, however, most of them were too pricey not environmentally friendly, and negatively affected soil properties. Usage of microbes was found as cost affective and ecofriendly approach for bioremediation of HMs. Microbes increased sustainability in agriculture soil health, which is essential to uninterrupted plant growth or improvement in stress full condition through mechanism likes productions phytohormones, organic acids, biosurfactants, exopolymers, antioxidant enzymes; and solubilization of phosphorus. It is well known that plant growth-promoting microbes enhance crop productivity and plant resistance to HM stress. In this following review, deep insight have has provided on mechanism of alleviation of HM stress by microbes and enhancement of plant growth promotion. © 2022 Devi, et al.
Sulphur management in groundnut for higher productivity and profitability under semi-arid condition Of Rajasthan, India
(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2019) Nagesh Yadav; S.S. Yadav; Neelam Yadav; M.R. Yadav; Rakesh Kumar; L.R. Yadav; V.K. Yadav; Arti Yadav
The present study was planned to evaluate the performance of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under varying levels of sulphur and its sources under Semi-Arid condition of Rajasthan. Application of 60 kg S/ha resulted 8.8, 23.8 and 59.6% more pod/plant than 45, 30 and 15 kg S/ha, respectively. Gypsum as a source of S recorded 15.4 and 50.4% higher pods/ plant over SSP and elemental sulphur, respectively. However, number of kernels/pod increased significantly upto 45 kg/ha only. Gypsum and SSP improved the kernels/pod by 14.2 and 11.2% over elemental sulphur, respectively. Application of 60 kg S/ha resulted in 140, 345 and 744 kg/ha and 127, 319 and 616 kg/ha higher pod and kernel yield over 45, 30 and 15 kg/ha, respectively. Sulphur application through gypsum recorded the highest pod yield (1872 kg/ha) of groundnut that was 13.1 and 32.0 percent more than obtained under SSP and elemental sulphur treatment, respectively. Application of sulphur at 75 kg S/ha was recorded highest shelling% (72.13%) which were 7.0 and 10.9 per cent higher over 30 and 15 kg S/ha. The application of S at 45 kg/ha exhibited 7.6 and 17.0% higher protein content over 30 and 15 kg S/ha, respectively. Among sources, the highest protein content (23.75%), oil content (44.49%) and oil yield (597.76 kg/ha) was obtained with gypsum. Application of 60 kg S/ha increased oil yield by magnitude of 70.3, 175.1 and 316.9 kg/ha over 45, 30 and 15 kg S/ha, respectively. Sulphur application at the rate of 60 kg/ha increased the margin to the tune of 6343, 15867, 34062/ha over 45, 30 and 15 kg S/ha, respectively. Likewise, graded increment in levels of sulphur resulted in significantly higher BCR upto 60 kg/ha over lower levels. The maximum net returns (55358/ha) and BCR (1.68) were obtained with gypsum. © 2019, Agricultural Research Communication Centre. All rights reserved.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Preclinical Evaluation of 99mTc-Labeled Macrobicyclic and Tricyclic Chelators as Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Tracer
(2016) Neelam Yadav; Krishna Chuttani; Anil K. Mishra; Bachcha Singh
The novel tetraaza macrobicyclic chelator 3,6,9,15-tetraazabicyclo[9.3.1]pentadeca-1(15),11,13-triene-2,10-dione (TBPD) and pentaaza macrotricyclic chelator 9-oxa-3,6,12,15,21-pentaazatricyclo[15,3,2,1]trieicos-1(21),17,19-triene-2,7,11,16-tetradione (OPTT) were synthesized, characterized, and radiolabeled with 99mTc to produce 99mTc-TBPD and 99mTc-OPTT. These radiolabeled complexes were prepared with high radiolabeling yield, radiochemical purity, and good in vitro stability up to 24 h. The labeling efficiency of 99mTc-TBPD and 99mTc-OPTT was found 98% and 97%. In vitro serum stability of 99mTc-TBPD was found to be 95.2%, while that of 99mTc-OPTT 94.2% up to 24 h. Blood kinetics experiments of 99mTc-labeled complexes showed biphasic pattern of blood clearance. About 99.57 ± 0.89% activity of 99mTc-TBPD and 99.42 ± 0.88% activity of 9mTc-OPTT were cleared off blood stream at 24 h postadministration. The biological half-life of 99mTc-TBPD was observed: t1/2(F) 1 h 5 min and t1/2(S) 12 h and biological half-life of 99mTc-OPTT was observed: t1/2(F) 1 h 10 min and t1/2(S) 9 h 50 min, respectively. The biodistribution studies revealed that maximum uptake of 99mTc-TBPD was found in liver, concluded that excretory pathway is hepatobiliary, while that of 99mTc-OPTT was renal as well as hepatobiliary. The negligible activity observed in stomach confirming the stability of radiolabeled complex in biological milieu. In vitro cytotoxicity study of TBPD and OPTT did not show any considerable antiproliferative activity against cancer cells of human cervical SW756, HeLa, and glioblastoma U-87, U373 cell lines. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S.
Synthesis, docking and preliminary in vivo evaluation of serotonin dithiocarbamate as novel SPECT neuroimaging agent
(2013) Shubhra Chaturvedi; Ankur Kaul; Neelam Yadav; B. Singh; Anil K. Mishra
Functional imaging, for understanding the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders and neurocognition pathways, can be achieved by targeting receptors in the central neural system (CNS). The multitude of physiological functions elicited by the interaction of serotonin with its receptors and the relation between the level and 'state' of the serotonin receptor (5-HT1A) and neuropsychiatric diseases makes this receptor an attractive target for imaging and therapeutics. Thus, for imaging of "active" 5-HT1A a ligand with an agonistic mode of binding has been designed and evaluated as a SPECT radiotracer. In this study, serotonin, the natural ligand, has been modified as the dithiocarbamate and radiolabelled with 99mTc. The efficacy of the complex as an imaging agent has been evaluated in terms of radiochemical purity, stability, lipophilicity, biodistribution pattern and scintigraphy. For understanding the binding mode, the ligand has been docked on the 5-HT1A receptor homology models built using the crystal structure of the human β2-adrenergic receptor in the presence (PDB 3D4S) and absence (PDB 2RH1) of cholesterol. The docking results are in line with the agonist mode of binding for the ligand and strongly supported by the experimental data. Preliminary results indicate excellent radiolabelling above 95%, a biphasic blood clearance pattern with t1/2 (fast) of 45 minutes and t1/2 (slow) of 5.9 hours and a predominantly hepatobiliary excretion route. The regional brain uptake studies indicate localization of the complex in the hippocampus region. Thus, a novel dithiocarbamate based on the scaffold of serotonin has been synthesized and evaluated as a potential neuroimaging agent. © 2013 The Royal Society of Chemistry.