Browsing by Author "Neeraj Rastogi"

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A comparative study of gemcitabine and cisplatin versus oral capecitabine alone in metastatic gallbladder cancer
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2022) Deepak Kumar; Neeraj Rastogi; Sushma Agarwal; Shagun Mishra; Shaleen Kumar; Punita Lal; Shalini Singh; Sunil Choudhary
Aims: There is no consensus for palliative chemotherapy regimen in metastatic gallbladder cancer. We did a retrospective study to compare the treatment outcome in patients of metastatic gallbladder cancer treated with either gemcitabine + cisplatin (regimen A) or oral capecitabine (regimen B) alone. Subjects and Methods: A total of 67 patients between January 2015 and September 15 treated with either regimen A or regimen B were retrospectively evaluated. Statistical analysis was done in June 2019. Kaplan-Meir and Log rank test were used to compare survival between two arms. Results: Out of 67 patients, 31/67 (46%) received regimen A, and 36/67 (54%) received regimen B. Male to female ratio was 1:3. About 42% patients in regimen A and 20% in regimen B required palliative stenting. Median number of chemotherapy cycles was 4 in both regimen A (range 1->6) and regimen B (range 1->6). Patients receiving 3 cycles and 6 cycles of chemotherapy in regimen A and regimen B was 68% and 31% versus 70% and 63%, respectively (P = 0.86). Response assessment as any response (complete response + partial response + disease was stable) after 3 cycles and 6 cycles was 71% and 57% (P = 0.20), 44% and 39% (P = 0.29), in regimen A and B, respectively. Median survival was 23 weeks (range 2-106 weeks) in regimen A and 15 weeks (range 4-83 weeks) in regimen B (P = 0.40). Conclusions: The present study shows gemcitabine and cisplatin has nonsignificant better survival compared to oral capecitabine. However, oral capecitabine is more convenient and easy to administer. Studies with larger sample size are needed to further establish the standard chemotherapy guidelines. © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.
Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in CYP1B1 and COMT genes with breast cancer susceptibility in Indian women
(Hindawi Limited, 2009) Sharawan Yadav; Naveen Kumar Singhal; Virendra Singh; Neeraj Rastogi; Pramod Kumar Srivastava; Mahendra Pratap Singh
Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) and catechol-$O$- methyltransferase (COMT) enzymes play critical roles in estrogen metabolism. Alterations in the catalytic activity of CYP1B1 and COMT enzymes have been found associated with altered breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women in many populations. The substitution of leucine (Leu) to valine (Val) at codon 432 increases the catalytic activity of CYP1B1, however, substitution of Val to methionine (Met) at codon 158 decreases the catalytic activity of COMT. The present study was performed to evaluate the associations of CYP1B1 Leu 432Val and/or COMT Val158Met polymorphisms with total, premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer risks in Indian women. COMT and CYP1B1 polymorphisms in controls and breast cancer patients were analyzed employing polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) followed by gel electrophoresis. Although CYP1B1 and COMT genotypes did not exhibit statistically significant association with breast cancer risks when analyzed individually, COMT wild type (Val158Val) in combination with CYP1B1 heterozygous variant (Leu432Val) [OR: 0.21; 95% CI (0.05-0.82), p value; 0.021] and COMT heterozygous variant (Val 158Met) in combination with CYP1B1 wild type (Leu432Leu) [OR: 0.29; 95% CI (0.08-0.96), p value; 0.042] showed significant protective association with premenopausal breast cancer risk. The results demonstrate that CYP1B1 wild type in combination with COMT heterozygous or their inverse combination offer protection against breast cancer in premenopausal Indian women. © 2009 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.
Characterization and radiative impact of dust aerosols over northwestern part of India: a case study during a severe dust storm
(Springer-Verlag Wien, 2016) Atinderpal Singh; Shani Tiwari; Deepti Sharma; Darshan Singh; Suresh Tiwari; Atul Kumar Srivastava; Neeraj Rastogi; A.K. Singh
The present study focused on examining the impact of a severe dust storm (DS) on aerosol properties over Patiala (30.33°N, 76.4°E), a site located in the northwestern part of India during 20th–23rd March, 2012. On 20th March, average PM10 mass concentration increased abruptly from 182 to 817 µg m−3 along with significant increase in the number density of coarser particles (diameter >0.45 µm). During DS, spectral aerosol optical depth (AOD) increases significantly with more increase at longer wavelengths resulting in weak wavelength dependence (AOD at 380 nm increases by ~210 % and at 870 nm by ~270 % on 20th March). Significant decrease in Ångström exponent (AE; α380–870) from 0.56 to 0.11 and fine-mode fraction (FMF; PM2.5/PM10) from 0.49 to 0.25 indicates dominance of coarser particles over the station. Net short wave (SW) radiation flux has been decreased by ~20 % and single scattering albedo (SSA675) has been increased from 0.86 (19th March) to 0.90 (20th March). This observation is attributed to additional loading of scattering type aerosols on arrival of DS. Wavelength dependence of SSA reverses during DS and it increases with wavelength due to dominance of coarse-mode particles. Atmospheric aerosol radiative forcing (ATM ARF) during DS ranged from +45 to +77 W m−2, consequently heating the lower atmosphere up to 2.2 K day−1. Significant atmospheric heating rate due to severe dust storm may affect the regional atmospheric dynamics and hence the climate system. © 2016, Springer-Verlag Wien.