Browsing by Author "Neetu Verma"

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Electro-organic synthesis of isatins and hydrazones through C-N cross-coupling and C(sp2)-H/C(sp3)-H functionalization
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2023) Neetu Verma; Rajdeep Tyagi; Ashish Khanna; Manisha Malviya; Ram Sagar
An efficient and unique approach to synthesize isatin (indole-2,3-dione) from 2-aminoacetophenone under electrochemical conditions supported by I2-DMSO through C-N cross-coupling and C(sp2)-H/C(sp3)-H functionalization is presented. This synthetic method spans a wide range of substituted 2-aminoacetophenone substrates. The use of iodine as a promoter and shorter reaction times produced good to very good yields of isatin derivatives, which is a significant improvement over the reaction in a batch process. Further, hydrazones of isatin were synthesized by using hydrazine hydrate which produces electrochemically active molecules, namely isatin-hydrazones. The hydrazones of acetophenone were also obtained using the same reaction protocol. Additionally, the effect of increasing scan rate studied using cyclic voltammetry shows that the process followed a diffusion-controlled mechanism. © 2023 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Gene Regulation, DNA and RNA Structure and Sequencing
(CRC Press, 2023) Neetu Verma; Deepa Bhatt; Laxmi Kirola
During the growth and development of an organism, gene regulation plays an essential role in the expression and regulation of genes in a spatiotemporal manner. This can be regulated either at the transcriptional level or at the translational level via transcriptional and translational machinery, respectively. In addition, post-translational modifications along with regulatory noncoding RNAs can also control gene expression through a variety of factors and regulators. A gene is a sequence of nucleotides in the DNA that conveys information from cell to cell and from generation to generation. The DNA molecules are transcribed primarily into RNA molecules (mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA), and the mRNA carries information stored in the DNA by translating it into functional proteins. To better understand such mechanisms, new bioinformatic tools, algorithms, and databases have been developed and used on a cloud computing platform. High-throughput sequencing technologies (DNA, RNA, protein, etc.) have evolved the bioinformatic tools for studying gene expression and regulation in almost all organisms, including bacteria, plants, and animals. This has significantly improved the routine practice of drug discovery, medicine, science, and technology. This chapter introduces gene regulation, DNA and RNA biology, the algorithms, and bioinformatic tools involved in these processes, and the latest breakthroughs in bioinformatics and sequencing. © 2023 CRC Press.
Molecular Design, Synthesis and Anti-cancer Activity of Novel Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-based Glycohybrid Molecules
(Academic Press Inc., 2025) Neetu Verma; Ghanshyam Tiwari; Ashish Khanna; Vinay Kumar Mishra; Yogesh Jawaharlal Yadav; Manisha Malviya; Ram Sagar
Molecular hybridization is an emerging strategy in medicinal chemistry for designing new bioactive molecules that link pharmacophores covalently and shows synergistic enhanced properties. Herein, we have developed pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-based new glycohybrids considering the Warburg effect. A microwave-assisted, copper-catalyzed efficient synthesis of new triazole-linked glycohybrids based on pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines scaffold was achieved successfully in high yields with inherent stereochemical diversity from D-glucose, D-galactose, and D-mannose. The twenty-three distinct new glycohybrids, incorporating various electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups with stereochemical diversities, were prepared using developed synthetic protocol. This efficient synthesis significantly reduced reaction time and furnished products with high isolated yields, showcasing its potential for glycohybrids synthesis. In-vitro study revealed that among the synthesized glycohybrids, compound 8e emerged as a potential compound against MDA-MB231 (SI > 31) and MCF-7 (SI > 434) with an IC50 value of 19.58 µM and 1.42 µM respectively. The molecular docking study predicts the binding interaction of the chemical probe with the target protein HCK. The enzyme inhibition assay revealed that compound 8e is having strong inhibitory potency against HCK enzyme. This article highlights the synthetic utility of this strategy and the potential applications of these newly designed and prepared glycohybrids. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.