Browsing by Author "Omkar Kumar"

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A Comparative Study of Soil and Foliar Nickel Application on Growth, Yield and Nutritional Quality of Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) Grown in Inceptisol
(Bellwether Publishing, Ltd., 2021) Omkar Kumar; Satish Kumar Singh; Abhik Patra; Ashish Latare; Sobh Nath Yadav
Nickel (Ni) deficiency is common in intensively cultivated soils. As Ni is a costly input, thus, judicious use in agriculture is needed to address its deficiency economically. In view of deficiency of Ni, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the responses for soil (SA), foliar (FA) and combination of these two methods of Ni application on growth, yield, nutritional quality and bio-chemical properties of soil using barley as a test crop. Foliar application of 0.2% NiSO4 significantly enhanced growth, yield, and nutrients concentration in grain as compared to SA. The highest grain and straw yield was in 5.0 kg SA Ni ha−1 + 0.2% FA of NiSO4 but it was statically at par with 0.2% FA of NiSO4. Application of 10 kg SA Ni ha−1 + 0.2% FA of NiSO4 resulted in a significant yield decrease. The maximum bacterial population was with 5 kg SA Ni ha−1, whereas actinomycetes population in 7.5 kg SA Ni ha−1. However, higher dose of Ni had a synergistic effect on the fungal population and urease enzyme activity. It was inferred that 0.2% FA of NiSO4 may be economically used over soil application to mitigate the deficiency of Ni in barley. © 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Assessing a suitable extractant and critical limits of nickel in soil and plant for predicting the response of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to nickel grown in Inceptisols
(Taylor and Francis Inc., 2018) Omkar Kumar; S.K. Singh; A.P. Singh; S.N. Yadav; A.M. Latare; Maneesh Kumar
Nickel (Ni) is an essential element for plants. Abundant information exists on Ni toxicity in soil–plant system but not much is available on its critical level of deficiency (CLD) in soils and plants. Five chemical extractants were evaluated to find a suitable extractant for Ni in Inceptisol. Twenty-one soils having low to high levels of Ni were used to grow barley (Hordeum vulgare L). The amount of Ni extracted was correlated with Ni concentration and uptake by barley. The diethylene triamine penta acetic acid-calcium chloride (0.005 M DTPA-CaC12) was identified as the most promising soil extractant for Ni. The CLD of Ni for 0.005 M DTPA-CaC12 in soil was 0.22 mg kg−1 whereas in barley plant it was 2.14 mg kg−1. Application of 7.5 mg kg−1 Ni in soil caused a significant increase in Ni concentration in the shoot of barley in all the soils irrespective of the initial Ni status. © 2018, © 2018 Taylor & Francis.
Biochar and Sewage Sludge Application Increases Yield and Micronutrient Uptake in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
(Taylor and Francis Inc., 2018) Hanuman Singh Jatav; Satish Kumar Singh; Yadvir Singh; Omkar Kumar
A greenhouse experiment was conducted in the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (U.P.), India, during kharif 2013 to find out the effect of biochar and sewage sludge (SS) on growth, yield, and micronutrient uptake in rice crop. Nine treatments were employed using six different doses of biochar (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 10, 15, and 20 t ha−1) amended with a fixed dose of SS (30 t ha−1) and 50% recommended dose of nitrogen (50% RDN), i.e., 60 kg ha−1. Other three treatments were absolute control (no fertilizers), 100% recommended dose of fertilizers (100% RDF) which was 120:60:60 kg ha−1 as nitrogen (N): phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5):dipotassium oxide (K2O), and 30 t ha−1SS + 50% RDN. Experimental results showed a significant increase in yield of rice crop with increasing levels of biochar along with SS. Application of biochar at 20 t ha−1 along with 30 t ha−1SS increased grain yield to the extent of 2.5 times over absolute control (no fertilizers) and 8.5% over control (100% RDF). The uptake of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and manganese (Mn) (micronutrients) increased significantly with graded doses of biochar application from 2.5 to 20 t ha−1 in the soil. The maximum micronutrient uptake and grain yield of rice were found in T9 where 30 t ha−1SS along with 20 t ha−1 biochar was applied with only 50% RDN. The maximum availability of micronutrients in soil was found with 30 t ha−1 of SS + 50% RDN (T3) followed by conjoint application of 20 t ha−1 of biochar and 30 t ha−1 SS + 50% RDN (T9). © 2018, © 2018 Taylor & Francis.
Direct and residual effect of sewage sludge on yield, heavy metals content and soil fertility under rice-wheat system
(Elsevier, 2014) A.M. Latare; Omkar Kumar; S.K. Singh; Archana Gupta
Soil application of sewage sludge in crop production offers an alternative technique for its disposal and management. The present study was taken up to evaluate the effect of sewage sludge on yield of rice, soil fertility and heavy metals accumulation in grain and straw in a glass house. The residual effect of sludge application was evaluated in subsequent wheat crop in the sequence. Five doses of sludge i.e., 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40tha-1 were applied to rice and their effects were compared with the recommended dose of fertilizers i.e., 120, 60 and 60kgN, P2O5 and K2Oha-1, respectively. There was significant increase in straw and grain yields of both the crops with application of sludge. The grain yield of rice increased 45% at 40tha-1 sludge application over no sludge. The residual effect on wheat yield was more pronounced. Soil pH in post harvest rice soil increased with the application of sludge, however, it decreased in post harvest wheat soil at higher levels of sludge application. Increase in available nutrients content of soil was also recorded with increasing levels of sludge application after harvest of rice and wheat crops. Application of sludge also increased the heavy metals contents in soil and plant. The Cd content in rice grain was above the Indian safe limit at 20tha-1 or higher levels of sludge application. There was a significant build up of P, S, Zn, Fe, and Mn in post harvest wheat soil at 40tha-1 sludge application. © 2014 Elsevier B.V.
Effect of boron on yield attributes, seed yield and oil content of mustard (Brassica juncea L.) on an inceptisol
(IndianJournals.com, 2016) S.N. Yadav; S.K. Singh; Omkar Kumar
A field experiment was conducted at Agriculture Research Farm, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, during two consecutive rabi season of 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 to study the effect of boron (B) on growth, yield and quality of mustard (Brassica juncea L.). The experiment comprised of 11 B levels i.e., 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.0, 2.25, 2.50, 2.75 and 3.0 kg B ha-1. The results revealed that the highest number of siliqua plant-1 (242 and 245), length of siliqua (5.3 and 5.4 cm), number of seeds siliqua-1 (16.3 and 16.2), seed yield (1.89 and 2.02 t ha-1), oil content (35.5 and 36%) were recorded where 1.5 kg B ha-1 was applied, while maximum protein content (22.2 and 21.9%) was noticed with application of 1.75 kg B ha-1 during 2012-13 and 2013-14, respectively. Application of 1.5 kg B ha-1 gave average increase in seed yield of 36% and oil yield of 52%. It also increased the uptake of B by seed and stover significantly over control. © 2016, IndianJournals.com. All rights reserved.
Effect of organic and inorganic sources of plant nutrients on growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa) and soil fertility
(Indian Society of Agronomy, 2015) S.P. Gour; S.K. Singh; Rattan Lal; R.P. Singh; J.S. Bohra; J.P. Srivastava; S.P. Singh; Maneesh Kumar; Omkar Kumar; A.M. Latare
A field experiment was conducted in randomized block design during the rainy (kharif) season of 2012 at Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh to study the effect of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on soil quality and productivity of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The highest grain and straw yields (5.03 and 7.18 t/ha) were recorded under the treatments 100% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) + S-Zn-B and 75% RDF + 25% N through sewage sludge, respectively. Application of S (40 kg/ha), Zn (5 kg/ha) and B (1.5 kg/ha) along with NPK (120:60:60) in rice increased plant height, tiller number, grain yield and 1,000-grian weight 22, 99, 62 and 22%, respectively, over the control, but did not show any significant increase in these parameters over 100% RDF. Initial trends indicated that application of Sesbania perhaps increased N, P, B and Zn in soil while inorganic S, B and Zn fertilizers had residual effect in post-harvest soil. © 2015, Indian Society of Agronomy. All rights reserved.
Effect of soil application of nickel on growth, micronutrient concentration and uptake in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown in Inceptisols of Varanasi
(Taylor and Francis Inc., 2018) Omkar Kumar; S.K. Singh; A.P. Singh; S.N. Yadav; A.M. Latare
A pot experiment was conducted in a glass house on low nickel containing alluvial soil in the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, during 2012–13 and 2013–14, to study the response of barley to soil application of nickel (Ni). There were ten treatments of Ni (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 mg kg−1) studied with recommended dose of fertilizers nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur (N:P:K:S :: 40:30:30:20 mg kg−1).The results showed a significant increase in plant height, number of tillers, chlorophyll content, straw and grain yield, and 1,000 grains weight with application of 10 mg Ni kg−1 soil during both years of study. The micronutrient concentration and uptake in straw and grain increased with application of <15 mg Ni kg−1 soil and beyond that declined significantly. Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-extractable micronutrient iron, manganese, copper, zinc and nickel (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and Ni) content in soil increased with increasing level of Ni. The maximum urease activity in post-harvest soil was noticed with application of 40 mg Ni kg−1 soil. The microbial population viz. bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes were higher with 5, 30 and 10 mg Ni kg−1 soil, respectively. © 2018 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Emergence of boron and sulphur deficiency in soils of chandauli, mirzapur, sant ravidas nagar and varanasi districts of eastern uttar pradesh
(IndianJournals.com, 2015) S.K. Singh; P. Dey; P.K. Sharma; Y.V. Singh; A.M. Latare; C.M. Singh; Dileep Kumar; Omkar Kumar; S.N. Yadav; S.S. Verma
Two thousand three hundred thirty four surface soil samples were collected from Chandauli, Mirzapur, Sant Ravidas Nagar and Varanasi districts of eastern Uttar Pradesh during 2011-12 under GPS and GIS based soil fertility mapping project. Analysis of these soil samples revealed the occurrence of acidic soils (pH <5.5) in Chandauli and Mirzapur districts. A wide variation in pH (4.5-10.4) indicated acidic to alkali nature of the soils in this region. These soils have electrical conductivity (EC) less than 1 dS m-1 and organic carbon (OC) content ranged from 0.6 to 13.3 g kg-1. High OC content was noticed in some Vindhyan low land soils of Chandauli and Mirzapur district. Available sulphur (S) content ranged from 0.43 to 165 mg kg-1 with a mean value of 16.10, 9.63, 13.05 and 12.36 mg kg-1 in Chandauli, Mirzapur, Sant Ravidas Nagar and Varanasi districts, respectively. The corresponding deficiency of S in soils of these districts was 39, 63, 45 and 56 per cent. Nutrient index (NI) indicated S fertility level of low to medium. Soils were also found to be highly deficient in available boron (B), with mean contents of 0.55, 0.49, 0.66 and 0.62 mg kg-1 in Chandauli, Mirzapur, Sant Ravidas Nagar and Varanasi districts, respectively showing deficiency in 55, 61, 30 and 37 per cent soil samples. High magnitude of B deficiency was noticed in soils of Vikas Khand Nawgarh (94%) followed by Rajgarh (85%) and Marihan (80%), representing the area of low pH Vindhyan soils. © 2018, IndianJournals.com. All rights reserved.
Evaluation of a Suitable Extractant and Determination of Critical Limit of Boron in Soil and Mustard (Brassica Juncea L.) Plant by Various Extractants in Inceptisols of Varanasi
(Taylor and Francis Inc., 2017) Shobh Nath Yadav; S.K. Singh; Omkar Kumar; A.M. Latare; Manish Kumar
Pot culture experiment was conducted to evaluate the suitability of extractants and to determine the critical limit of boron (B) in soil and mustard plant in Inceptisols of Varanasi. Twenty-one bulk soil collected from different locations were used for growing mustard. Five extractants, namely hot water, hot 0.01molar (M) calcium chloride (CaCl2), 0.01M CaCl2 + 0.05 M mannitol, 1.0 M ammonium acetate (NH4OAC) and 0.05 M hydrochloric acid (HCl), were assessed by correlating the amount of extractable B in untreated and B fertilizer-treated soil with Bray’s per cent yield, plant tissue B concentration and B uptake by mustard. Similarly, correlation coefficients of the B extracted by different extractants and soil properties were calculated. The suitability of B extracted by different extractants was in the order of hot 0.01M CaCl2 (HCC-B) > hot water (HW-B) > 1.0 M NH4OAC (AA-B) > 0.05M HCl (HA-B) > 0.01M CaCl2 + 0.05M mannitol (CCM-B). The critical limits of extractable B in soil as determined by the graphical procedure were 0.54, 0.60, 0.36, 0.45 and 0.45 mg kg−1 and the statistical procedures were 0.54, 0.60, 0.38, 0.46 and 0.48 mg kg−1 with HW-B, HCC-B, CCM-B, AA-B and HA-B, respectively. Soil containing available B below the critical limit responded to B fertilization. © 2017 Taylor & Francis.
Evaluation of different methods of zinc application on growth, yield and biofortification of zinc in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
(IndianJournals.com, 2019) Ayan Das; S.K. Singh; Maneesh Kumar; Omkar Kumar
Zinc (Zn) fertilization, not only gives better yield of cereals but also provides better nutrition to the population. This study evaluated the effect of different Zn application methods on growth, yield and biofortification of Zn in rice. Zinc treatments included were: Soil application (5 kg Zn ha-1) (SA), root dipping (2% ZnO slurry) (RD), foliar spray (0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O + 0.25% lime) at tillering and milking stage (FS) and combinations of these treatments. Significantly higher grain yield was obtained in SA + RD + FS and RD + FS (27.2 and 22.6% increase over RDF, respectively). Zinc content in grains had a significant positive correlation with grain yield (r = 0.395, p< 0.05). Efficiencies of applied Zn decreased with increasing Zn application rates, except crop recovery efficiency. Maximum Zn content in grains and bioavailability of the fortified Zn was recorded in SA + FS treatment. However, less than 1% of the fortified grain Zn was bioavailable. Zinc enrichment had a negative (p< 0.01) impact on Fe content in both grain (r = -0.538) and straw (r = -0.603), but showed a positive (p< 0.01) correlation in respect of Mn content in grain (r = 0.556). © 2019, IndianJournals.com.
Foliar fertilization of nickel affects growth, yield component and micronutrient status of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown on low nickel soil
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2018) Omkar Kumar; Satish Kumar Singh; Ashish Maroatrao Latare; Shobha Nath Yadav
Foliar application of nickel (Ni) has higher use efficiencies and is preferred over soil application in view of its very low requirement. Pot experiments were conducted during winter season of 2012-2013 and repeated during 2013-2014. Treatments consisted of twelve Ni levels applied as nickel sulphate (NiSO4.7H2O) spray (T1-Ni0%, T2-Ni0.05%, T3-Ni0.1%, T4-Ni0.2%, T5-Ni0.3%, T6-Ni0.4%, T7-Ni0.5%, T8-Ni0.6%, T9-Ni0.7%, T10-Ni0.8%, T11-Ni0.9%,and T12-Ni1.0%,) with recommended doses of fertilizers (RDF) applied in all pots. The result showed that growth and yield attributes viz. plant height, leaf greenness index, number of tillers, number of ears pot-1, number of grains ear-1, straw yield, grain yield and weight of 1000 grains of barley was the maximum with three foliar application of 0.2% of NiSO4.7H2O (T4-Ni0.2%) at 20, 40, and 60 days after sowing (DAS) during both the years. The concentration of Fe, Mn and Zn in grain increased significantly up to T4-Ni0.2% and after this level, a significant decline was recorded during both the years. As regards to the concentration of Ni is concerned, it increased significantly both in grain and straw with increasing levels of Ni spray and the maximum concentration was at T12-Ni1.0%, during both the years. The uptake of Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in grain of barley increased significantly during both the years up to T4-Ni0.2%,thereafter, it declined significantly with successive increase in dose of Ni spray. Thus 0.2% foliar spray of NiSO4.7H2O significantly increased growth, yield and Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn (micronutrients) status in barley. © 2018, © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Impact of sewage sludge application on soil fertility, microbial population and enzyme activities in soil under rice-wheat system
(IndianJournals.com, 2018) A.M. Latare; S.K. Singh; Omkar Kumar
A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Farm, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India for two consecutive years taking two crops each of rice and wheat in a sequence to study the effect of one time application of sewage sludge (SS) on soil fertility, microbial population and enzyme activities. Graded levels of SS were applied along with 50 and 100% recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF). The experiment was conducted in randomized block design taking 10 treatments with three replications. The soil pH decreased, while electrical conductivity (EC) and organic carbon (OC) content increased due to addition of SS. Application of SS in first crop and its residual effect in subsequent crops increased the available N, P, K and S content in soil. Higher available P was recorded in the second crop of the experiment, whereas, available K was high in third crop. Microbial colony count (bacterial and fungal) and enzyme activities (urease, phosphatase and dehydrogenase) were significantly increased due to application of SS resulting in higher microbial activity in post-harvest soils with 45 t ha -1 SS. Sewage sludge added during previous years had pronounced residual influence on soil fertility and microbial activity. © 2018, IndianJournals.com. All rights reserved.
Primary and cationic micronutrient status of soils in few districts of Eastern Uttar Pradesh
(IndianJournals.com, 2016) S.K. Singh; P. Dey; P.K. Sharma; Y.V. Singh; A.M. Latare; C.M. Singh; Deelip Kumar; Omkar Kumar; S.N. Yadav; S.S. Varma
Fertility status of Varanasi, Mirzapur, Sant Ravidas Nagar and Chandauli districts of Eastern Uttar Pradesh was evaluated analyzing six surface soil samples each from 89, 119, 88 and 93 villages of the districts, respectively. In general, soils were alkaline in pH, low in soluble salts and organic carbon. The range (mean) values of available N, P and K were 40 to 244 (143), 3 to 429 (34) and 46 to 823 (189) in Varanasi; 37 to 275 (128), 2 to 332 (31) and 55 to 996 (250) in Mirzapur; 47 to 200 (136), 5 to 332 (22) and 56 to 948 (174) in Sant Ravidas Nagar; 60 to 254 (147), 6 to 441 (44), and 52 to 905 (191) kg ha-1 in Chandauli district, with all the soils low in available N. In Varanasi district, 10, 36 and 54% soils were low, medium and high in P, respectively and the corresponding figures for K were 12, 73 and 15%. In Mirzapur district, soil samples under low, medium and high were 12, 37 and 51% in P and 9, 53 and 38% in K, respectively. In Sant Ravidas Nagar district, 27, 41 and 32% soil samples were low, medium and high in P, whereas 25, 63 and 12% in K, respectively. As regards to DTPA extractable Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu, the respective deficiency percentage of the soils were 46, 15, 1 and 1 for Varanasi and 30, 18, 8 and 7 for Mirzapur districts. The soils of Sant Ravidas Nagar and Chandauli districts were deficient in Zn (16 and 32%) and Fe (3 and 1%) only. © 2016, IndianJournals.com. All rights reserved.