Browsing by Author "P. Misra"

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Development and performance evaluation of amphotericin B transfersomes against resistant and sensitive clinical isolates of visceral leishmaniasis
(2010) D. Singodia; G.K. Gupta; A. Verma; V. Singh; P. Shukla; P. Misra; S. Sundar; A. Dube; P.R. Mishra
The present study was aimed to assess the efficacy of developed transfersome (TF-3) formulation bearing amphotericin B (AmB) against sensitive and resistant clinical isolates of L donovani and compared with conventional liposomal formulation (F-2) and free AmB (F-1). The skin permeation of AmB from TF-3 was performed using Franz diffusion cell using rat skin which showed fickian diffusion across the skin. When tested against L. donovani (intramacrophagic amastigotes), it has been observed that TF was more effective than F-1 and F-2 formulation in sensitive and resistant clinical isolates. The data provides evidences that the TF formulation owing to its fluidized behaviour imparted by sodium deoxycholate, enables to penetrate well in the infected cells and thus provide enhanced activity. The permeation study also supports this data as the flux value of AmB through TF formulation was 1.5 fold higher compared to conventional liposomes suggesting improved penetration and better partitioning in skin layers. Implicit to this preliminary data it is evident that the AmB loaded TF formulation has potential as alternate chemotherapeutic approach to control of VL. Potential utilities of novel formulation as a transdermal delivery of AmB for leishmaniasis necessitates further elaborated investigations which is underway in our laboratory. Copyright © 2010 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved.
Effect of antioxidant protection system on regeneration potential of different chemotypes of withania somnifera (L.) Dunal - A comparative analysis
(National Institute of Science Communication, 2017) G. Singh; S. Saema; S. Singh; P. Misra
Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, commonly called Indian Ginseng (Ashwagandha), is an important medicinal plant having a number of chemotypes which vary in their regenerative potentiality. In the present study, regenerative potentiality of four chemotypes of W. somnifera was compared using leaf explants. The study correlated that the chemotype (NIMTLI-130) with high total phenolic content (TPC), high H2O2 concentration and low proline content was less regenerative, whereas, the chemotype (NIMTLI-101) with lesser TPC, lower H2O2 concentration and high proline content was more regenerative. NIMTLI-130 showed higher SOD, GPX and APX activity compared to NIMTLI-101, but less CAT activity as well as low proline content and a weak detoxification effect resulting in lower regeneration. The study revealed that the difference in in vitro shoot organogenesis of different chemotypes largely depends on the antioxidant protection system of the plant involving non-enzymatic compounds and activities of antioxidant enzymes. © 2017, National Institute of Science Communication. All rights reserved.
Immunostimulatory potential and proteome profiling of Leishmania donovani soluble exogenous antigens
(2015) A. Kumar; M. Samant; P. Misra; P. Khare; S. Sundar; Ravendra Garg; A. Dube
Isolation of the soluble exogenous antigens (SEAgs), its immune response study and proteome profiling is an essential prerequisite for understanding the molecular pathogenesis of Leishmania donovani. The immunostimulatory potential of L. donovani SEAgs, purified from culture of L. donovani clinical isolate, was evaluated for their ability to induce cellular responses in treated/cured hamsters. SEAgs induced significant proliferative responses in lymphocytes (SI 5·6 ± 2·3; P < 0·01) isolated from cured hamster. In addition, significant NO production in response to SEAgs was also noticed in macrophages of hamsters, mouse and human cell lines (J774A-1 and THP1). Western blot analyses with antibodies against proteophosphoglycan (PPG; surface-expressed and secreted molecule) of L. donovani revealed that PPG molecules are also present in L. donovani SEAgs. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteome analysis of 12 protein bands of SEAgs through MALDI-TOF/TOF endorsed the identification of some Th1-stimulatory immunogenic proteins. These immunogenic proteins may offer increased hope for the discovery of new promising vaccine candidates against visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The overall results suggest that immunostimulatory molecules are present in the SEAgs, which may be further exploited, for developing a subunit vaccine against VL a fatal human disease. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Overexpression of Withania somnifera SGTL1 gene resists the interaction of fungus Alternaria brassicicola in Arabidopsis thaliana
(Academic Press, 2017) Manoj K. Mishra; M. Srivastava; G. Singh; S. Tiwari; A. Niranjan; N. Kumari; P. Misra
Heterologus transformed Arabidopsis plants improved tolerance against abiotic stress by the modulation of glycosylation of sterols and sterol glycosides. It is due to enhanced activity of WsSGTL1 enzyme in different stresses. Presently, the effect of WsSGTL1 gene was investigated, focusing on interaction of A. brassicicola fungus on transgenic lines. Overexpressed lines showed restricted lesion, less spore counts and few electrolyte leakages. Biochemical study suggested that the transgenic lines had more glycosylated sterol/phenolic compounds. Relative expression of JA biosynthesis gene and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) showed enhanced expression. Photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence imaging revealed that transgenic plants had minimum damage of photosynthetic apparatus because of minimum PSII destruction. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd