Browsing by Author "P.S. Singh"

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A study on the bruchid, Callosobruchus chinensis (Linnaeus) : life cycle on Mung bean
(Malhotra Publishing House, 2023) Rohit Chauhan; R.S. Meena; P.S. Singh; Saswati Premkumari
In life cycle study the average durations of pre-oviposition (6.49 ± 0.82 h), oviposition (6.53 ± 0.73 days), and post-oviposition (2.65 ± 0.41 days) were determined. The incubation period was 3.64 ± 0.78 days. Total grub period and pupal period were 14.43 ± 2.97 days and 5.25 ± 0.93 days, respectively. The average lifespan of male adult and female adult were 6.11 ± 0.64 days and 9.26 ± 0.69 days, respectively. The fecundity was 87.58 ± 8.03 eggs which ranged between 76 – 110 eggs/female. Total life cycle was completed in 26 – 39 days with an average duration of 29.43 ± 1.84 days in case of male while 28 – 41 days with an average duration of 32.58 ± 1.89 days in female. © (2023), (Malhotra Publishing House). All Rights Reserved.
Biochemical basis of resistance in green gram genotypes against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) under storage conditions
(Malhotra Publishing House, 2020) R. Usha; P.S. Singh; S.K. Singh; R.P.N. Saxena
Study on the biochemical basis of resistance in green gram genotypes against pulse beetle showed that highest seed damage was recorded in genotype Pant Mung-2 (69.25%) whereas, lowest seed damage was found in genotype ML-935 (46.50%). The maximum weight loss was recorded in genotype Pant Mung-2 (43.00%) and minimum weight loss was recorded on ML-935 (11.67%). The lowest protein content was recorded in genotype ML-935 (11.50 mg/g) while, highest protein content was reported in genotype Samrat (27.70 mg/g) followed by Pant Mung-2 (26.90 mg/g). The genotypes Samrat (40.36 mg/g) had the highest starch content followed by Pant Mung-2 (39.00 mg/g) and genotype ML-935 (26.53 mg/g) had the lowest starch content. The genotype Samrat (8.66 mg/g) received highest sugar content followed by Pant Mung-2 (7.90 mg/g) and genotype ML-935 (2.96 mg/g) received the lowest content of total soluble sugar. The genotype ML-935 (17.03 TIU/mg protein) showed highest trypsin inhibitor activity followed by ML1059 (14.50 TIU/ mg protein). The genotype Samrat (11.37 TIU/ mg protein) depicted lowest trypsin inhibitor activity followed by genotype Pant Mung-2 (11.90 TIU/ mg protein). The genotype ML-935 (29.06%) had the highest protease inhibitor activity followed by genotype ML1059 (26.50%). The genotype IPM-2-3 (17.16%) followed by genotype Ganga-8 (17.50%) showed protease inhibitor activity. A positive significant correlation was observed between per cent seed damage, per cent weight loss and biochemical parameters like protein content (r = 0.892** and r = 0.881**, respectively), starch content (r = 0.924** and r = 0.895**, respectively) and total soluble sugar (TSS) content (r = 0.886** and r = 0.855**, respectively), whereas parameters like trypsin inhibitor activity (r = -0.891** and r = -0.871****, respectively) and protease inhibitor activity (r = -0.937** and r = -0.921****, respectively) were negatively correlated. © MPH J. ent. Res
Biochemical Factors Associated with Resistance to Spotted Pod Borer, Maruca vitrata (Fabricius) in Green Gram
(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2021) Sameer Kumar Singh; P.S. Singh
Background: Legume pod borer or spotted pod borer, Maruca vitrata is one of the serious insect pest to the green gram, which causes damage mainly at the reproductive phase of the crop growth. The larvae of spotted pod borer are known to cause damage by webbing the leaves, bud, flower and pods together and feed from inside on them. Due to its webbing nature, it is very difficult to enter inside by natural enemies and chemicals cannot directly reach inside webbing. Host plant resistance to insect pests is an economically and ecologically preferred alternative as compared to other pest management tactics, particularly the synthetic pesticides. The present investigation was undertaken to examine the role of certain bio-chemical constituents of the immature pods of green gram in the expression of damage by the spotted pod borer. Methods: The experiments on screening were conducted during the kharif 2014 and 2015 at the Agricultural Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, (U.P.) to define the occurrence of M. vitrata on 20 promising varieties/ genotypes of green gram. Pods were collected at the immature stage from different varieties/genotypes and biochemical constituents such as total soluble sugar, total chlorophyll, protein were estimated. Result: The maximum protein content was found in genotype IPM 306-6 (36.17 mg/g) and minimum in genotype PM-5 (20.53 mg/g). Highest total sugar content was reported from genotype ML 1256 (16.71 mg/g) and lowest total sugar content was recorded in PM-5 (10.94 mg/g).The phenol content in genotype PM-5 (9.00 mg/g) was significantly higher than others whereas, the minimum phenol content was reported in IPM 306-6 (5.14 mg/g). The higher amount of total chlorophyll content found in genotype IPM 306-6 (3.22 mg/g) and lowest in PM-5 (1.85 mg/g). The significant and positive correlation was observed between M. vitrata larval population, pod damage and protein (r=0.954** and r=0.952**, respectively) and total sugar content (r=0.986** and r=0.986**, respectively) and total chlorophyll content (r=0.994** and r=0.993**, respectively) in immature pods, while, the significant and negative correlation was found between phenol (r=-0.916** and r=-0.919**, respectively). © 2021, Agricultural Research Communication Centre. All rights reserved.
Biochemical traits associated with resistance to Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in green gram
(Malhotra Publishing House, 2021) Sameer Kumar Singh; P.S. Singh
Results revealed that maximum population was reported in ML 5 (9.12 whitefly cage-) followed by SM 48(8.45 whitefly cage-1-) and the minimum population was recorded in PM-5 (3.02 whitefly cage-) closely followedby IPM 306-1 (3.51 whitefly cage-). However, the population local check cultivar, HUM-12 was 6.45 whiteflycage-. The biochemical factors like protein, total sugar, phenol and total chlorophyll were estimated in 20promising varieties/ genotypes of green gram. The highest protein content was found in genotype ML 5 (12.77mg g-) and minimum in genotype PM-5 (7.45 mg g-). Maximum total sugar content was reported from genotypeML 5 (07.86 mg g-) and minimum total sugar content recorded in PM-5 (03.34 mg g-). The phenol content ingenotype PM-5 (4.23 mg g-) was significantly higher than others whereas, the minimum phenol content wasreported in ML5 (2.43 mg g-). The higher amount of total chlorophyll content was found in genotype PM-5(3.92 mg g-) and lower in genotype ML 5 (1.30 mg g-). The significant and positive correlation was witnessedbetween B. tabaci population and protein (r=0.976**) and total sugar content (r=0.981**), while, the significantand negative correlation was found between phenol (r = -981**) and total chlorophyll content (r = -978**) © 2021, Journal of Entomological Research.All Rights Reserved.
Determination of toxicity of newer insecticide molecules against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) (chrysomelidae: Coleoptera) under laboratory conditions
(Editorial board of Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences, 2020) S. Ramesh Babu; S.V.S. Raju; P.S. Singh; Kamal Ravi Sharma
Present study was conducted to evaluate the insecticidal activity and mode of action of commercial formulations of newer insecticides viz., Spinosad 45 % SC, Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 % SC, Emamectin benzoate 5 % SG, Chlorfenapyr 10 % SC against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) by dry film residue method under laboratory conditions during the year 2017-18 in the Department of Entomology, Banaras Hindu University. Results of study were compared with check treatment Deltamethrin 2.8 % SC. Among the tested insecticides Spinosad 45 % SC showed best efficacy at both LC50 and LC99.9 and it was more toxicity than other insecticides. The LC50 values of Spinosad 45 % SC to the adults of C. maculatus were 0.0005, 0.0003 and 0.0002 per cent while LC99.9 values were 0.0037, 0.0027 and 0.001 percent at 24, 48 and 72 hours after treatment (HAT), respectively. The log concentration probit (lcp) lines slope (b) values for Spinosad 45 % SC were 2.634, 2.513 and 3.455 at 24, 48 and 72 HAT, respectively. © 2020, Editorial board of Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences. All rights reserved.
Efficacy and economics of certain insecticides and biopesticides against spotted pod borer, Maruca vitrata (Fabricius) on green gram
(Malhotra Publishing House, 2019) Sameer Kumar Singh; P.S. Singh
Results revealed that spinosad 60 g a.i. ha-1; emamectin benzoate 8 g a.i. ha-1 and Fipronil 100 g a.i. ha-1 found most effective in reducing pod damage and grain damage by M. vitrata and also showed increase in yield. However, highest net return was recorded from imidacloprid 50 g a.i. ha-1 followed by spinosad 60 g a.i. ha-1 and minimum in Verticillium lecanii (1 x 108 Spores g-1) 5 g L-1. The highest benefit: cost ratio was observed in imidacloprid 50 g a.i. ha-1, which was most efficient treatment followed by acetamiprid 20 g a.i. ha-1 and whereas, lowest in Verticillium lecanii (1 x 108 Spores g-1) 5 g L-1. © 2019. All Rights Reserved.
Efficacy of insecticides against sugarcane leaf hopper (Pyrilla perpusilla Walker) under field conditions and their effect on yield
(Malhotra Publishing House, 2019) Shreedhar Utagi; R.S. Meena; P.S. Singh; R.K. Singh
The maximum pest reduction was found with dinotefuron. Pymetrozine and diafenthiuron also showed good insecticidal control. The yield was highest in dinotefuron 20% SG (90.89 t/ha), followed by imidacloprid 17.8% SL (84.76 t/ha), pymetrozine 50% WG (82.89 t/ha), diafenthiuron 50% WP (81.42 t/ha), thiamethoxam 25% WG (80.84 t/ha), fipronil 5% SC (80.84 t/ha) and acetamiprid 20% SP (77.52 t/ha). The untreated control recorded 70.21 t/ha yield. © 2019 MPH.
Evaluation of certain chickpea genotypes against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis (L.) under laboratory conditions
(Malhotra Publishing House, 2020) Lipika Pradhan; P.S. Singh; S.K. Singh; R.P.N. Saxena
Screening of fifteen chickpea genotypes namely GNG-146, HC-3, PUSA-209, Digvijay, Radhey-931, Annegiri, PBG-5, PUSA-261, HC-10, CSJD-884, GCP-101, RSG-10, RSG-931, L-550 and C-235 were conducted to quantify the losses caused by pulse beetle. The results revealed that the mean per cent of seed damage varied from 33.92 to 47.92% and mean per cent weight loss of chickpea seeds varied from 37.99 to 64.00%. The mean per cent seed damage was highest in the genotype HC-10 (47.92%) and lowest in Digvijay (33.92%). The genotype HC-10 (64.00%) recorded maximum per cent weight loss whereas; the genotype Digvijay recorded minimum per cent weight loss (37.99%). Among all the 15 genotypes; resistant genotype was Digvijay followed by CSJD-884, RSG-931, GNG-146, Radhey-931, L-550 and GCP-101. Most susceptible genotype was HC-10 followed by PUSA-261, RSG-10, HC-3, PBG-5, C-235, Annegiri and PUSA-209. © MPH J. ent. Res
EVALUATION OF GREEN GRAM GENOTYPES AGAINST WHITEFLY BEMISIA TABACI (GENNADIUS)
(The Entomological Society of India, 2019) Sameer Kumar Singh; P.S. Singh
Field experiments were carried out during kharif 2014 and 2015 at the Agriculture Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, for screening 20 green gram genotypes along with a local check, HUM-12 for resistance/ susceptibility to whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). Weekly observations on the incidence/ cage were made on the 35th Standard Meteorological Week (SMW). The results revealed peak in population during the 39th SMW, and the mean incidence was observed to range from 3.02 to 9.12/ cage; maximum was in the genotype ML 5 followed by SM 48 and ML 1059; and the least was in PM-5 (3.02/ cage). The genotypes PM-5 (7.72 q ha-1), IPM 306-1 (6.96 q ha-1) and HUM-16 (6.58 q ha-1) gave the maximum yield, while IPM 306-6 followed by IPM 05-3-22 were with the lowest yield. © 2019, The Entomological Society of India. All rights reserved.
Field screening of certain chickpea genotypes against gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)
(Malhotra Publishing House, 2022) Pavan Kumar; P.S. Singh; A.K. Saroj; G. Chaitanya; Ramkumar
Sixteen chickpea genotypes including susceptible Check BG 362 were screened against gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera. The mean larval population of H. armigera ranged from 0.69 to 3.22 larvae per five plants in different genotypes. The lowest larval population was recorded in genotype KPG 59 (0.69 larvae/five plants) and highest in genotype L 550 (3.22 larvae/five plants). The genotype RVG 203 recorded significantly lowest per cent pod damage (5.33%) followed by KPG 59 (6.03%) and BG 212 (9.66%). The genotype L550 recorded significantly highest per cent pod damage (31.33%) followed by BG 362 (24.33%) and GG 2 (23.33%). The genotypes RVG 203 (1840 kg/ha), KPG 59 (1822 kg/ha) produced highest grain yield. The genotype L 550 (8 PSR) recorded significantly highest pest susceptibility rating (PSR) and the lowest pest susceptibility rating was recorded in genotype KPG 59 and RVG 203 i.e 2 PSR © 2022, Journal of Entomological Research.All Rights Reserved.
Host Preference and Damage Assessment of Pulse Beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) (Chrysomelidae: Coleoptera) on Different Hosts
(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2021) S. Ramesh Babu; S.V.S. Raju; P.S. Singh; Kamal Ravi Sharma
The host preference of pulse beetle, C. maculatus to selected host grains were evaluated under laboratory conditions in the Department of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Banaras Hindu University during the year 2018. Cowpea and green gram were most preferred hosts for C. maculatus in terms of oviposition, per cent survival and mean developmental periods. Red gram and soybean were comparatively less preferred host for oviposition (66.38 eggs/50 seeds and 69.00 eggs/50 seeds respectively) than other host grains. In terms of per cent grain damage (92.25%; 90.19%) and per cent weight loss of grains (76.27%; 75.92%) cowpea and green gram were most preferable hosts respectively after 120 days after insect inoculation. © 2021, Agricultural Research Communication Centre. All rights reserved.
Monitoring of adult moth populations of gram pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera Hubner) in chickpea using pheromone trap
(Indian Society of Pulses Research and Development (ISPRD), 2019) Saxena Narayan; P.S. Singh; R.S. Meena
An experiment was conducted during 2015-16 and 2016-17 at Agriculture Research Farm, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasito know the peak populations of male moths of gram pod borer using pheromone traps and for proper management measures in time. During the entire investigation period three peaks were observed. These peaks were during 7th, 11th,14th standard meteorological week and 8th,12th,14th standard meteorological week in 2015-16 and 2016-17, respectively. Maximum and minimum temperature, evening relative humidity,and sun shine hrs had positive correlation with male moth catches. Negative association was observed between morning relative humidity and moth catches during 2015-16whereas in next year temperature sun shine hrs had positive correlations and significant and negative correlation was observed in sunshine and relative humidity,respectively. This investigation may be useful for forecasting of gram pod borer in chickpea. © Indian Society of Pulses Research and Development (ISPRD). All rights reserved.
Screening of certain green gram varieties/genotypes against Callosobruchus chinensis under laboratory conditions
(Malhotra Publishing House, 2019) Sameer Kumar Singh; P.S. Singh
The susceptibility of 20 green gram genotypes/varieties i.e., PM-5, IPM 2K 14-9, HUM 1, ML 1257, Pusa 672, IPM 306-6, SM 48, IPM 05-3-22, Pusa Bold 2, IPM-9901-10, HUM 16, IPM 306-1, PM 4, ML 5, ML 1256, ML 1059, SML 191, ML 515, PDM 288 and HUM 12 to pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis was studied under laboratory conditions. None of tahe genotype/variety was found immune to pest infestation and showed different magnitude of weight loss. The minimum infestation, minimum weight loss and minimum total adult emergence was recorded in genotypes PM-5 and IPM 306-1 and genotypes IPM 306-6 followed by IPM 05-3-22 showed maximum susceptibility in terms of infestation, weight loss and total adult emergence. © 2019 Malhotra Publishing House.
SCREENING OF GREEN GRAM GENOTYPES AGAINST SPOTTED POD BORER MARUCA VITRATA (F.)
(The Entomological Society of India, 2019) Sameer Kumar Singh; P.S. Singh
This study evalutes 20 gentotypes of green gram Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek for their susceptibility levels against the spotted pod borer Maruca vitrata (F.). The experiment was done during kharif 2014 and 2015 at the Agricultural Research Farm, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. The infestation was assessed at the flowering stage based on larval incidence/ plant. The results revealed that the incidence was observed in the 37th standard meteorological week (SMW) with a peak during the 40th SMW, and varied from 0.53 to 3.01 larva/ plant.Maximum larval population was observed in IPM 306-6 followed by IPM 05-3-22 and ML 1256 and the least with PM-5 followed by IPM 306-1 and ML 515. The genotype PM-5 (7.72 q/ ha) closely followed by IPM 306-1 (6.96 q/ ha) and HUM-16 (6.58 q/ ha) gave the maximum yield. © 2019, The Entomological Society of India. All rights reserved.
Seasonal abundance of insect pests on mung bean and its correlation with abiotic factors
(Malhotra Publishing House, 2013) N.K. Yadav; P.S. Singh
Studies on seasonal abundance of insect pests during kharif season revealed that the mean population of jassids and whitefly ranged from 0.4-5.8/cage and 0.2-7.4/cage, respectively. Incidence of the jassids and whitefly were started in 31 standard week with 0.4/cage and 0.2/cage, respectively. The jassids population had significant positive correlation with sunshine and evaporation and non-significant with other factors. The population of whitefly had significant negative correlation with maximum temperature and sunshine and evaporation. Incidence of thrips, blister beetle, tobacco caterpillar, epilachna beetle was also observed. The incidence of spotted pad borer was observed from 33 standard week with a peak of 2.4 larvae/plant during 36 standard week. The correlation of spotted pod borer with weather factors exhibited significantly negative correlation with minimum relative humidity and positive significant with sunshine and evaporation.
Toxicity of selected insecticides against Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
(Malhotra Publishing House, 2023) Gummadidala Chaitanya; P.S. Singh; S.V.S. Raju; P. Divya
Among the tested insecticides spinosad 45% SC showed best efficacy at both LC50 and LC99 9 and was more toxic than other insecticides. The LC50 values of spinosad 45% SC to the adults of C. maculatus were 0.0005, 0.0003 and 0.0002% while LC99.9 values were 0.0037, 0.0027 and 0.001% at 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment (HAT), respectively. The log concentration probit (Icp) lines slope (b) values for spinosad 45% SC were 2.634, 2.513 and 3.455 at 24, 48 and 72 HAT, respectively. © 2023 MPH J. ent. Res. All Rights Reserved.