Browsing by Author "Peeyush Kumar Jaysawal"

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Effect of sowing and weed control methods on nutrient uptake and soil fertility in direct-seeded rice (Oryia sativa)
(Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2021) Vijay Pratap; S.K. Verma; Anchal Dass; Deepak Kumar Yadav; A.J. Madane; Rakesh Maurva; Peeyush Kumar Jaysawal
A 2-year field experiment consisting of 3-planting methods and 5-weed control options was conducted in a three- time rcplicatcd split-plot design at Varanasi during kharif 20\ 6-17 to assess the nutrient uptake by direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.) and available nutrient status of soil under different methods of establishing crop and managing weeds.Zero-till direct-seeded rice (ZT-DSR) + residue + Sesbania brown manuring (SBM) recorded lower density and dry-weight of weeds, higher organic carbon (OC), available N, P and K in soil and enhanced N, P and K uptake by 8.9,6.7,7.8% and 23.7,24.5 and 10.2% in grain and straw, respectively, over conventionally-tilled direct-seeded rice (CT-DSR) + SBM.Among weed control options, the use of pendimethalin (1000 g/ha)Jb chlorimuron + metsulftiron (4 + 4 g/ha, 25 DAS) + 1 HW (45 DAS) resulted in lower density and weeds, higher OC, available N, P and K in soil and improved N, P and K uptake in grain and straw by 23.6, 20.9 and 33.0 and 26.7, 25.5 and 26.6%, respectively over weedy check.However, higher EC andpH and lower nutrient (N, P and K) and protein content in grain and straw were found under weed-free condition.Overall, ZT-DSR + residue + SBM and application of pendimethalin (1000 g/ha)y& chlorimuron + metsulfuron (4 + 4 g/ha, 25 DAS) + 1 HW (45 DAS) proved better with respect to reduction in weed biomass, OC, available soil nutrients (N, P and K) and their uptake in DSR. © 2021 Indian Council of Agricultural Research. All rights reserved.
Herbicide and irrigation management options in conventionally-tilled wheat: deciphering water and energy budgeting, and grain and monetary output in north-Indian plains
(Nature Research, 2025) Sunil Kumar Verma; Chandra Bhushan; Sudhir Kumar S. Rajpoot; Richa Chaudhary; Ramawatar Narayan Meena; Sanjeev K. Kashyap; Vijay Sai Pratap; Peeyush Kumar Jaysawal; Sukhchain B. Singh; Ram Kumar Singh; Deepak Kumar Yadav
In South Asia, declining water tables due to increased irrigation and labor shortages for manual weeding pose significant challenges for wheat production. Additionally, herbicide resistance, often resulting from poor management practices, further complicates weed problems. The objective of this study was to assess the impacts of traditional irrigation regimens (IRs) and herbicide application on wheat crops. The findings showed that when irrigation was applied at 100 mm CPE (IR4), and at 40 mm CPE (IR1), different combinations of herbicide to weed managment were tested. In comparison to the other treatments, application of irrigation at 40 mm cumulative pan evaporation (IR1) along with the Pendimethalin1000 g ha−1 (pre-em) in combination with clodinafop-propargyl 10% + metribuzin 22% + sulfosulfuron 4.2% at a rate of 1125 g ha−1 at 30 DAS (WM1) produced the best results in terms of crop yields, economic returns, relative water content, consumptive use, rate of water use, water use efficiency, water productivity, energy input–output, energy returns, energy productivity, energy intensity, specific energy, energy efficiency, maximum field capacity, available soil water, and soil profile moisture extraction pattern. The only exceptions were Pendimethalin1000g ha−1 (pre-em) combined with carfentrazone ethyl 20% + sulfosulfuron 25%WG), at the rate of 100 g ha−1 at 30 DAS (WM2) and the weed-free treatment (WM5), where the differences were not statistically significant. The yield of wheat grain (14.26 kg ha−1) and straw (14.41 kg ha−1) decreased as the unit dry matter production of weeds increased. The study recommends exploring additional weed control strategies and irrigation management options in future improve wheat yields in conventionally-tilled systems. © The Author(s) 2024.
Productivity and profitability of direct-seeded rice under varying establishment methods and weed management practices
(Indian Council of Agricultural Research, 2021) Vijay Pratap; S.K. Verma; Anchal Dass; Deepak Kumar Yadav; Peeyush Kumar Jaysawal; A.J. Madane
A field experiment was conducted at Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (2016-17) to evaluate the effect of crop establishment and weed management practices on productivity, economics and resource-use efficiency of direct-seeded rice (DSR).The treatments included three crop establishment methods, viz.Zero-tillage-DSR+Sestarma co-culture (ZT-DSR+SCC), ZT-DSR+residue+&?staw'tf co-culture (ZT-DSR+R+SCC) and Conventional till-DSR+Sestarma co- culture (CT-DSR+SCC) assigned to main-plots and five weed management practices, viz.WMPj- pendimethalin (1000 g/ha)y& bispyribac-sodium (25 g/ha) 20 days after sowing (DAS), WMP2-pendimethalin (1000 g/ha)Jb pyrazosulfuron (30 g/ha) 20 DAS+1 hand weeding (HW) 45 DAS, WMP3- pendimethalin (1000 g/ha) Jb chlorimuron+metsulftiron (4+4 g/ha) 20 DAS+1 H W 45 DAS, WMP4- Weed-free and WMP5- Weedy check assigned to sub-plots.The experiment was laid-out in a three-time replicated split-plot design.Results showed that, ZT-DSR+R+SCC recorded higher growth parameters, such as dry matter accumulation (DMA), leaf area index (LAI), yield attributes and enhanced grain yield, net return and water productivity by 16.9,61.9 and 20% and 11.0,69.7 and 10.3% during 2016 and 2017, respectively over CT-DSR+SCC.Among weed management practices, pendimethalin (1000 g/ha) Jb chlorimuron+metsulfuron (4+4 g/ha) 20 DAS+1 HW 45 DAS recorded higher DMA, LAI, yield attributes and finally enhanced grain yield, net returns and water productivity by 31.9,39.2 and 33.3% and 35.7,36.6 and 37.5% during 2016 and 2017, respectively over weedy check.Hence, ZT-DSR+R+SCC along with pendimethalin (1000 g/ha)_/Z? chlorimuron+metsulfuron (4+4 g/ha) 20 DAS+1 HW 45 DAS could be adopted for higher yield, net returns and resource-use efficiency of DSR. © 2021 Indian Council of Agricultural Research. All rights reserved.