Browsing by Author "Poonam"

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7

A Successive Application Approach for Effective Utilization of Three Aquatic Plants in Arsenic Removal
(Springer International Publishing, 2017) Poonam; Munish Kumar Upadhyay; Ambedkar Gautam; Shekhar Mallick; Sudhakar Srivastava
In the present study, the performance of three selected aquatic plants [Hydrilla verticillata (H), Ceratophyllum demersum (C), and Lemna minor (L)] was evaluated for As removal from water when used in a successive application approach. The plants were subjected to 4 L of As-containing Hoagland medium (500 and 2500 μg L−1as low and high exposure, respectively) for a period of 21 days in slots of 7 days each. The results showed that total As removal in 21 days varied in different combinations. The best combination was HCL showing 27 and 18% As removal in low and high As treatments, respectively, followed by HLC (21 and 16%), and LCH (15% and 12%). The lowest As removal was achieved by LHC and CLH combination in low As treatment (11%) and by CLH in high As treatment (6%). Individual plant exhibited different removal potential from combination to combination and from application at various stages. The contribution of Hydrilla varied from 8 to 52%, Ceratophyllum from 18 to 64% and Lemna from 18 to 66%. The study advocates the combination of Hydrilla-Ceratophyllum-Lemna for achieving the maximum As removal in the same period. © 2017, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.
Agroforestry and ecosystem services
(Elsevier, 2023) Abhishek Raj; Manoj Kumar Jhariya; Arnab Banerjee; Ram Swaroop Meena; Sandeep Kumar; Annpurna Devi; Poonam
Agroforestry system (AFs) comprises tree–crop and livestock management that has been considered as an integrated system of sustainable landscape. It is more diverse and provides uncountable ecosystem services (ES) to sustain life on the earth. The greater adaptability and multifunctional role of AFs are discussed by policymakers, stakeholders, and scientists worldwide. Traditional AFs and their development in due course of time maximize ES. AFs provide tangible and intangible services which maintain ecosystem health and productivity. Adopting climate-resilient AFs ensures soil-food and income security, fulfilling the SDGs (sustainable development goals). Timber and NTFPs (non-timber forest products) production, soil health and quality enhancement, water regulation and quality, carbon (C) footprint, climate change mitigation, and food and income security are the key ES AFs provide. AFs also contribute toward ecological stability along with better environmental health and sustainability. A better technological advancement with effective policy is needed to strengthen AFs in major ecological regions. Moreover, current and future research trends must be oriented to enhance ES through greater crop diversification. Thus, AFs must be transformed into sustainable landscapes at local and global soil–food–climate security. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Assessing the phytoremediation potential of a flowering plant Zinnia angustifolia for arsenic contaminated soil
(CRC Press/Balkema, 2018) Poonam; S. Srivastava
Arsenic (As)-based chemicals, insecticides, herbicides, rodenticides and irrigation with As containing water have resulted in As contamination in farmland, lawns and residential areas. This study focused on phytoremediation potential of a seasonal flowering plant Zinnia angustifolia for As removal from contaminated soil. Plants were subjected to As stress (100 mg kg−1 soil) in field conditions for 60 days and their tolerance was evaluated through growth and antioxidant assays. Root tissue was found to accumulate more As (1085.42 µg g−1 dry weight (DW)) in comparison to shoot (279.28 µg g−1 DW) and flowers (228.67 µg g−1 DW) at 60 d. © 2018, CRC Press/Balkema. All rights reserved.
Assessing the role of glutathione in arsenic toxicity amelioration in rice (Oryza sativa L.) during early seedling growth
(World Research Association, 2019) Poonam; Srivastava Sudhakar
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important crops and the major staple food in Southeast Asian countries. However, severe arsenic (As) contamination widespread in the region affects rice quality and yields and also leads to As accumulation in rice grains. The present study was conducted to assess the ameliorative potential of glutathione (GSH) against As toxicity in two contrasting As tolerant (Pooja) and As sensitive (CO-50) varieties of rice. The two varieties were exposed to 25μM arsenite [As(III)] for 7 d with and without GSH. The varieties responded differently in terms of growth and other biochemical parameters. Pooja showed comparatively better growth in As(III) stress as compared to CO-50 and showed lesser reduction in seedling length and fresh weight, photosynthetic pigments and protein content at 7 d. Further, the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was increased to a higher level in CO-50 than in Pooja. However, the activity of antioxidant enzymes (guaiacol peroxidase, superoxide dismutase) increased significantly in both varieties. The supply of GSH was found to ameliorate as stress and improve growth and various biochemical parameters in both Pooja and CO-50. Thus, GSH supply could augment rice plants potential to tolerate as stress. © 2019 World Research Association. All rights reserved.
Eco-Designing for Soil Health and Services
(Springer Singapore, 2021) Abhishek Raj; Manoj Kumar Jhariya; Nahid Khan; Arnab Banerjee; Poonam; Ram Swaroop Meena; Shish Ram Jakhar
Soil health and quality are key aspects upon which various ecosystem processes depend. Ongoing series of land degradations, deforestation, intensive agricultural practices, etc. affects the soil health. These deleterious unsustainable practicesdeprive soil fertility and affect overall ecosystem services (ES). Depleting nature of soil affects tree-crop productivity that is not fruitful for satisfying global hunger populations. Healthy soil promises food-income-climate security and maintains overall environmental sustainability and ecological stability. Human and livestock’s health are entirely dependent upon soil quality. Therefore, the query “how does soil maintain plant-human-animal health and productivity?” arises. This indicates toward synergistic concept between soil and living organisms. However, adopting eco-model in varying land use (agriculture, forestry, agroforestry, and other farming practices) helps to minimize the soil degradation and ensures higher productivity. But the main problem is that “how does eco-designing of varying land use systems ensure healthy and quality soil?”. Climate-smart agriculture, conservation agriculture, zero-tillage practices, use of cover crop, mulching, and soil water conservation practices are intrinsic parts of eco-designing or eco-models. These practices ensure healthy and productive ecosystem that makes a pathway for sustainable development (SD). Eco-designing for sustainable soil management practices promotes the storage and sequestration of carbon (C) as soil organic C pools which leads to C balance. Above- and belowground biomass productions, rhizosphere biology, microbial populations, earthworm and other organisms, etc. modify soil health and productivity. Higher nutrient use efficiency, C cycling, water regulation and purification, erosion control, higher biomass and C stocks, food and nutritional security, and higher economy of farmers can be ensured through healthy eco-models. Therefore, eco-designing of different land use systems ensures a healthy ecosystem and environment. Eco-modeling modifies ES in more sustainable ways without disturbing our environment. Thus, adopting eco-designing models in soils promises higher productivity and profitability and ensures SD of the world. In this context, a government and public policy will strengthen the ecosystem health by adopting a sustainable soil-based eco-model. A scientific-based research and design add another effort to drive these eco-design practices in more efficient and productive way to ensure the global SD. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021.
Physiological and molecular insights into rice-arbuscular mycorrhizal interactions under arsenic stress
(Elsevier B.V., 2017) Poonam; Sudhakar Srivastava; Varsha Pathare; Penna Suprasanna
The symbiotic associations between plants, microbes and fungi are examples of living in harmony. The intimate association between the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and their host plants benefits the latter in nutrient (viz., phosphate, nitrogen etc.) acquisition in exchange of carbohydrates. Arsenic (As) accumulation in rice grains has become a serious issue in some parts of world having high As levels in soil and groundwater. To this end, experiments have demonstrated ameliorative potential of AMF colonization on As stress in rice. AMF colonization not only influences As concentrations in grains but also the speciation of As and reduces the ratios of inorganic/organic As concentrations. Positive influences of AMF colonization have also been linked to alteration in transport of As and phosphate, photosynthetic reactions and improved growth. A role of 14-3-3 proteins in AMF colonization under As stress is also suggested in recent studies. Importantly, grain yield has been found to increase in presence of AMF colonization. In this review, we discuss the molecular intricacies of rice-AMF in the context of As stress. © 2017 Elsevier B.V.
Resource Conservation for Sustainable Development
(Springer Singapore, 2021) Abhishek Raj; Manoj Kumar Jhariya; Nahid Khan; Arnab Banerjee; Poonam; Ram Swaroop Meena; Kavita Rani
Resources sustain the ecosystem, but its depletions are the major concern of the present times. Natural resources such as agriculture, forestry, agroforestry, soils, animals, etc. enhance the biodiversity which intensify ecosystem services intangible and intangible ways and regulate ecosystem processes. These ecosystem services not only maintain soil-food-climate security but also make a door for achieving the goal of sustainable development. However, overexploitation, deforestation, faulty land use practices, unsustainable land management, intensive agriculture, high synthetic inputs, etc. disturb our pathway of natural ecosystemby affecting resources and its depletions. The FAO mentioned that every year around 6.5 Mha (million hectare) areas of tropical forest are converted into agricultural land due to rising populations and human needs that affects the natural resources by depriving health, quality, and quantity of other resources such as forest trees, wild animals, soil quality, etc. Soil is another importantnatural resource which is degraded up to 147.0 Mha in Indian land areas. Among this, water erosion, acidification, flooding, wind erosion, and salinity contributed 94, 16, 14, 9, and 6 Mha of land, whereas combination of other factors affects 7.0 Mha, respectively. This resource supports human and livestock by 18 and 15% of the global population, whereas different land use systems like agriculture, forestry, and fishery systems contribute to GDP (gross domestic product) and employment generations by 17 and 50%, respectively. Therefore, resource conservation and its management are having prime importance duse to their uncountable contributions in national and international sustainable-based development along with addressing environmental sustainability. In this context, the practicesof ecology-oriented and sustainable intensification become good strategies for the conservation and management of natural resources. Contrary to intensive agriculture, the characteristics, principles, and practices of both ecological and sustainable intensification are much clear. These practices will ensure soil-foodclimate security along with the maintenance of environmental sustainability and ecological stability. Thus, these practices must approach the further research and development through better methods and technology for promising resourceconservation and sustainable development. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021.