Browsing by Author "Poonam Kumari"

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A phase II, non-comparative randomised trial of two treatments involving liposomal amphotericin B and miltefosine for post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in India and Bangladesh
(Public Library of Science, 2024) Shyam Sundar; Krishna Pandey; Dinesh Mondal; Major Madhukar; Roshan Kamal Topno; Ashish Kumar; Vinod Kumar; Deepak Kumar Verma; Jaya Chakravarty; Rahul Chaubey; Poonam Kumari; Md. Utba Rashid; Shomik Maruf; Prakash Ghosh; Sheeraz Raja; Joelle Rode; Margriet Den Boer; Pradeep Das; Jorge Alvar; Suman Rijal; Fabiana Alves
Background In Southeast Asia, treatment is recommended for all patients with post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL). Adherence to the first-line regimen, twelve weeks of miltefosine (MF), is low and ocular toxicity has been observed with this exposure period. We assessed the safety and efficacy of two shorter-course treatments: liposomal amphotericin B (LAmB) alone and combined with MF. Methodology/Principal findings An open-label, phase II, randomized, parallel-arm, non-comparative trial was conducted in patients with parasitologically confirmed PKDL, 6 to ≤60 years. Patients were assigned to 20 mg/kg LAmB (total dose, in five injections over 15 days) alone or combined with allome-tric MF (3 weeks). The primary endpoint was definitive cure at 12 months, defined as complete resolution of papular and nodular lesions and >80% re-pigmentation of macular lesions. Definitive cure at 24 months was a secondary efficacy endpoint. 118/126 patients completed the trial. Definitive cure at 12 months was observed in 29% (18/63) patients receiving LAmB and 30% (19/63) receiving LAmB/MF (mITT), increasing to 58% and 66%, respectively, at 24 months. Most lesions had resolved/improved at 12 and 24 months for patients receiving LAmB (90%, 83%) and LAmB/MF (85%, 88%) by qualitative assessment. One death, unrelated to study drugs, was reported; no study drug-related serious adverse events were observed. The most frequent adverse drug reactions were MF-related vomiting and nausea, and LAmB-related hypokalaemia and infusion reactions. Most adverse events were mild; no ocular adverse events occurred. Conclusions/Significance Both regimens are suitably safe and efficacious alternatives to long-course MF for PKDL in South Asia. © 2024 Sundar et al.
Advancing Phytoremediation of Contaminated Soil through Nanoparticle-Based Approaches: Current Progress and Future Perspectives
(AMG Transcend Association, 2024) Vinay Aseri; Rushikesh L. Chopade; Vanisha Godara; Sneha Lohar; Poonam Kumari; Badal Mavry; Varad Nagar; Vaibhav Sharma; Garima Awasthi; Kumud Kant Awasthi; Mahipal Singh Sankhla
The quality of the land, water, and atmosphere are all impacted by environmental contamination. Considerable efforts have lately been made to reduce pollution-causing sources and repair or improve natural soil and water resources. Nano-phytoremediation is more efficient and less hazardous than chemical and physical approaches. They are becoming more and more significant in this field as well as in academia. Different plant species have demonstrated the ability of nanoparticles to remediate soil and water. It is also to be expected that new environmental clean-up methods will be significantly influenced by the most recent biotechnology research. The aim of this paper is to summarise the most significant advancements in phytoremediation immediately. Plants have considerable development potential from the perspective of their phytoremediation qualities. These plants take in contaminants from the soil, water, and other natural resources. New strategies that are targeted by pollutants include segmenting enzyme activity into plant structures. Most contaminants, including heavy metals, are covered by industrial effluents and have been the subject of epidemiological research. It is fascinating to research the risks of these pollutants to develop preventive action against them. This will help us understand the fate of nanomaterials in the environment and environmentally sustainable techniques to remove them from the atmosphere. © 2024 by the authors.
Ambisome plus miltefosine for Indian patients with kala-azar
(2011) Shyam Sundar; Prabhat Kumar Sinha; Deepak K. Verma; Nawin Kumar; Shahnawaj Alam; Krishna Pandey; Poonam Kumari; Vidyanand Ravidas; Jaya Chakravarty; Neena Verma; Jonathan Berman; Hashim Ghalib; Byron Arana
The combination of one intravenous administration of 5. mg/kg Ambisome and oral administration of miltefosine, 2.5. mg/kg/day for 14 days, was evaluated in 135 Indian patients with kala-azar. The Intent-to-Treat cure rate at 6 months was 124 of the 135 enrolled patients (91.9%: 95% CI = 86-96%), and the per protocol cure rate was 124 of 127 evaluable patients (97.6%: 95% CI = 93-100%). Side effects could be attributed to each drug separately: fevers, rigors and back pain due to Ambisome; gastrointestinal side effects due to miltefosine. This combination is attractive for reasons of efficacy, tolerance, and feasibility of administration, although the gastrointestinal side effects of miltefosine require medical vigilance. Clinical Trials.gov identification number: NCT00371995. © 2010 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON CARBON DISCLOSURE PRACTICES AND STRATEGIES IN EMERGING MARKET
(Virtus Interpress, 2024) Sanjay Kumar Patel; Poonam Kumari; Amit Manglani; Ashish Kant Chaudhari; Pushpender Kadian
Increasing awareness of environmental sustainability, investor demands, and legal frameworks have made carbon reporting essential for businesses worldwide, including Indian corporations (Huang et al., 2023). The paper explores the disclosed accounting practices of Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) by Indian firms in their annual reports. It is based on the secondary data collected from annual reports of NSE-or BSE-listed firms that made carbon credit announcements from 2005–2022. By using content analysis, this study examines the recognition, measurement, and disclosure practices of carbon rights received by Indian firms, hosted by Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects of United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The study found that there is huge diversity in disclosure practices of CERs and no consistency in reporting the CERs in annual reports. More specifically, most companies did not even disclose full information about the treatment of CERs. The Indian government might utilize this study as a foundation for developing policies since improved carbon accounting disclosures and laws are required to safeguard stakeholders’ and investors’ interests. © 2024 The Authors.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-mediated activation of plant defense responses in direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.) against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2023) Deepti Malviya; Prakash Singh; Udai B. Singh; Surinder Paul; Pradeep Kumar Bisen; Jai P. Rai; Ram Lakhan Verma; R. Abdul Fiyaz; A. Kumar; Poonam Kumari; Sailabala Dei; Mohd. Reyaz Ahmed; D.J. Bagyaraj; Harsh V. Singh
Rhizosphere is the battlefield of beneficial and harmful (so called phytopathogens) microorganisms. Moreover, these microbial communities are struggling for their existence in the soil and playing key roles in plant growth, mineralization, nutrient cycling and ecosystem functioning. In the last few decades, some consistent pattern have been detected so far that link soil community composition and functions with plant growth and development; however, it has not been studied in detail. AM fungi are model organisms, besides potential role in nutrient cycling; they modulate biochemical pathways directly or indirectly which lead to better plant growth under biotic and abiotic stress conditions. In the present investigations, we have elucidated the AM fungi-mediated activation of plant defense responses against Meloidogyne graminicola causing root-knot disease in direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.). The study describes the multifarious effects of Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizophagus fasciculatus, and Rhizophagus intraradices inoculated individually or in combination under glasshouse conditions in rice plants. It was found that F. mosseae, R. fasciculatus and R. intraradices when applied individually or in combination modulated the biochemical and molecular mechanisms in the susceptible and resistant inbred lines of rice. AM inoculation significantly increased various plant growth attributes in plants with simultaneous decrease in the root-knot intensity. Among these, the combined application of F. mosseae, R. fasciculatus, and R. intraradices was found to enhance the accumulation and activities of biomolecules and enzymes related to defense priming as well as antioxidation in the susceptible and resistant inbred lines of rice pre-challenged with M. graminicola. The application of F. mosseae, R. fasciculatus and R. intraradices, induced the key genes involved in plant defense and signaling and it has been demonstrated for the first time. Results of the present investigation advocated that the application of F. mosseae, R. fasciculatus and R. intraradices, particularly a combination of all three, not only helped in the control of root-knot nematodes but also increased plant growth as well as enhances the gene expression in rice. Thus, it proved to be an excellent biocontrol as well as plant growth-promoting agent in rice even when the crop is under biotic stress of the root-knot nematode, M. graminicola. Copyright © 2023 Malviya, Singh, Singh, Paul, Kumar Bisen, Rai, Verma, Fiyaz, Kumar, Kumari, Dei, Ahmed, Bagyaraj and Singh.
Biochar Enhancing Soil Resilience: A Dual Strategy for Mitigating Heavy Metal Contamination and Drought Stress
(AMG Transcend Association, 2024) Sneha Lohar; Poonam Kumari; Anuj Sharma; Vanisha Godara; Varad Nagar; Monika Kumari Prajapati; Ashrut Singhal; Vaibhav Sharma; Rohit Kumar Verma; Mahipal Singh Sankhla
Drought and heavy metals are abiotic stressors that affect soil fertility and plant growth excessively and have significant toxic consequences, threatening agricultural sustainability. Plants ' accumulation of heavy metals in soil uptake leads to disrupting physiochemical and biochemical metabolisms. Biochar has attracted major attention for potential and sustainable soil amendment. Biochar is a complex carbon-rich organic substance whose properties vary depending on the manufacturing process and feedstock. Application of biochar reduces drought stress by increasing the water holding capacity through modification of soil properties, helps in the retention of moisture, absorbs heavy metals, inhibits harmful bacteria, improves soil pH, and also significantly modifies the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) scavenging enzymes and provide an efficient electron transferring mechanism to reduce the toxic effects in plants. The review focuses on the effects of drought and heavy metals on soil fertility and plant growth, biochar counteracting the drought and as a soil improver, and the various direct and indirect interaction mechanisms of biochar with the soil. This article also focuses on the potential role of biochar in ameliorating drought and heavy metal stress. © 2024 by the authors.
Clinical Research on Neglected Tropical Diseases: Challenges and Solutions
(Public Library of Science, 2016) Marleen Boelaert; The NIDIAG Consortium; Barbara Barbé; Emmanuel Bottieau; Christophe Burm; Philippe Büscher; Jozefien Buyze; Stijn Deborggraeve; Koen De Winne; Philippe Gillet; David Hendrickx; Arabella Huys; Jan Jacobs; Veerle Lejon; Filip Meheus; Joris Menten; Evelien Paessens; Katja Polman; Raffaella Ravinetto; Stijn Rogé; Céline Schurmans; Achilleas Tsoumanis; Johan Van Griensven; Harry van Loen; Kristien Verdonck; Cédric Yansouni; François Chappuis; Emilie Alirol; Ninon S. Horié; Suman Rijal; Nisha K. Bhatta; Narayan R. Bhattarai; Prahlad Karki; Basudha Khanal; Kanika Koirala; Bickram Pradhan; Surendra Uranw; Jürg Utzinger; Sören L. Becker; Martin W. Bratschi; Justin K. Chatigre; Jean T. Coulibaly; Jean-Paul Gohou; Mathias Herrmann; Stefanie Knopp; Hanspeter Marti; Eliézer K. N’Goran; Beatrice Nickel; Pierre H.H. Schneeberger; Kigbafori D. Silué; Peter Steinmann; Lutz von Müller; Penelope Vounatsou; Joel A. Yao; Patrick K. Yao; Peiling Yap; Pascal Lutumba; Claude Basilua; Edmonde Bonebe; Gustave Bukasa; Sebastien Inamba; Jean Roger Kalo Lilo; Vincent Kambale; Tharcisse Kayembe; Octavie Lunguya; Maria Mashako; Luigi Mininkulu; Alain Mpanya; Deby Mukendi; Dieudonné Mumba; Jean-Jacques Muyembe; Pati Pyan; Sayda El-Safi; Mannar Abdel-Rahman; Saad Ageed Al farazdag; Atia Atia; Abdallah Bashir; Ahmed Bashir; Mohammed Bashir; Mohamedelfateh Eljack; Alhabib Elhabib; Husam Elshikh; Awad Hammad; Mohammed Issa; Mohamed S. Mohamed; Mohammed O. Mohammedali; Salah Mohammed Ali; Modether Morsal; Shawgi Hago Almugadam; Lim Kruy; P. Maling Ellen; Leng Long; Manoza Maricel; Saman Ratanakneary; Bouy Sok; Sok Sopheak; Ros Sreyphors; Teav Syna; Sopheak Thai; Phe Thong; So Veasna; Che Yanith; Michael Miles; Tapan Bhattacharyya; Sakib Burza; Graham Clark; Andrew Falconar; Tegwen Marlais; Adelaide Michaels; Rosanna Peeling; Matthew Yeo; Shyam Sundar; Shahnawaj Alam; Jaya Chakravarty; Poonam Kumari; Madhukar Rai; Deepak K. Verma; Pascal Mertens; Stéphane Degallaix; Laurence Denorme; Quentin Gilleman; Thierry Leclipteux; Thomas Simon; Caroline Thunissen; Moussa Sacko; Cheik O. Coulibaly; Birama D. Diakité; Mama N. Doumbia; Aly Landouré; Rénion Saye; Mamadou S. Traoré; Hassan K.M. Fofana; Yodi Mahendradhata; Riris A. Ahmad; Bintari Dwihardiani; Norma S. Hurif; Rizqiani A. Kusumasari; Fransiska Meyanti; Elsa H. Murhandarwati; Haripurnomo Kushadiwijaya; Trisasi Lestari; Irene M. Rahakbauw; Ratih Restiani; Supargiyono; Henry Surendra; Mohamad Syairaji; Jarir A. Thobari
[No abstract available]
Comparison of short-course multidrug treatment with standard therapy for visceral leishmaniasis in India: An open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial
(Elsevier B.V., 2011) Shyam Sundar; Prabhat Kumar Sinha; Madhukar Rai; Deepak Kumar Verma; Kumar Nawin; Shanawwaj Alam; Jaya Chakravarty; Michel Vaillant; Neena Verma; Krishna Pandey; Poonam Kumari; Chandra Shekhar Lal; Rakesh Arora; Bhawna Sharma; Sally Ellis; Nathalie Strub-Wourgaft; Manica Balasegaram; Piero Olliaro; Pradeep Das; Farrokh Modabber
Improved treatment approaches are needed for visceral leishmaniasis. We assessed the efficacy and safety of three potential short-course combination treatments compared with the standard monotherapy in India. Standard treatment (1 mg/kg amphotericin B infusion on alternate days for 30 days, total dose 15 mg/kg) was compared with three drug combinations (single injection of 5 mg/kg liposomal amphotericin B and 7-day 50 mg oral miltefosine or single 10-day 11 mg/kg intramuscular paromomycin; or 10 days each of miltefosine and paromomycin) in an open-label, parallel-group, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial in two hospital sites in Bihar, India. Patients aged 5-60 years with parasitologically confirmed visceral leishmaniasis were randomly assigned one of the four treatments by the trial statistician by use of a computer-generated list. Clinical assessments were done at the end of treatment (15 days on combination treatment; 31 days for standard treatment) and after 45 days and 6 months. The primary endpoint was definitive cure (defined as no sign or symptom of visceral leishmaniasis and parasitologically cured to the last follow-up). Analyses were done both by intention to treat and per protocol. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00696969. Between June, 2008, and July, 2009, 634 patients were assigned amphotericin B (n=157), liposomal amphotericin B with miltefosine (n=160) or paromomycin (n=158), or miltefosine and paromomycin (n=159). 618 patients were in the per-protocol population. There were two relapses in each group. The numbers with definitive cure at 6 months for the intention-to-treat population were 146 (cure rate 93·0; CI 87·5-96·3) for amphotericin B, 156 (97·5; 93·3-99·2) for liposomal amphotericin B and miltefosine, 154 (97·5; 93·24-99·2) for liposomal amphotericin B and paromomycin, and 157 (98·7; 95·1-99·8) for miltefosine and paromomycin. All combinations were non-inferior to the standard treatment, in both the intention-to-treat and per-protocol populations. Patients in the combination groups had fewer adverse events than did those assigned standard treatment. Combination treatments for visceral leishmaniasis are efficacious and safe, and decrease the duration of therapy, thereby encouraging adherence and reducing emergence of drug-resistant parasites. Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative and the Indian Council of Medical Research. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.
Dielectric and electrical properties measurement of BCTO and Co & V-doped BCTO synthesized via semi-wet route method
(Springer, 2023) Anup Kumar; Vinod Kumar; Manish Kumar Verma; Vishnu Shankar Rai; Dinesh Prajapati; Biswajit Jena; Dipendra Kumar Verma; Poonam Kumari; D. Tiwary; K.D. Mandal
Bi2/3Cu3Ti4O12 (BCTO) and Bi2/3Cu3Ti3.95Co0.025V0.025O12 (BCTCVO) Ceramic was synthesized by using a cost-effective novel semi-wet route method. The phase formation was confirmed by XRD analysis with traces of TiO2 and CuO phases of BCTO and BCTCVO ceramic. The average crystallite sizes of BCTO and BCTCVO ceramic were found to be 40.49 and 39.72 nm, respectively. XPS studies confirm the oxidation state of each elements in appropriate oxidation state. Elemental analysis was performed by EDS. It was observed that the maximum dielectric constant values of BCTO and BCTCVO ceramic were 3372 and 1663 at 523 K and at 1 kHz. The value of dielectric constant was observed very low at higher frequency. Tangent loss values of BCTO and BCTCVO ceramic were found 3.67 and 2.39 at 523 K and 1 kHz, respectively. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Palash (Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub.): a Systematic Review
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Poonam Kumari; Kirti Raina; Sunil Thakur; Rohit Sharma; Natália Cruz-Martins; Pardeep Kumar; Kalyan Barman; Swati Sharma; Dileep Kumar; Pradeep Kumar Prajapati; Rohit Sharma; Ashun Chaudhary
Purpose of Review: Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. is an Indian traditional medicinal tree, aka “flame of forest,” “palash,” “bastard teak,” and “dhak.” The family comprises 630 genera and 18,000 species distributed throughout Asian countries. It is traditionally used since the Vedic era for different therapeutic purposes in various parts of India. This review is aimed to provide updated report on ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of B. monosperma that have been revealed till now. Recent Findings: This plant exhibits various pharmacological properties such as anti-helminthic, anti-conceptive, anti-stress, anti-estrogenic, antifertility, antimicrobial, chemopreventive, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, and anti-cancer effects because of specific metabolites present in its parts. Some of the most renowned phytochemicals present in it include flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, proteins, lipids, and sterols. Earlier phytochemical studies have underlined several metabolites, including 3,4,2’,4’-tetrahydrochalcone-3,4-diglucoside (isobutrin), 7,3’,4’-trihydroxyflavanone-7,3’-diglucoside (butrin), cajanin, isoformononetin, stigmasterol, butein, medicarpin, and butinas responsible for their excellent pharmacological activities. Summary: Compelling evidence support the traditional ethnomedicinal claims of B. monosperma and its wide range of bioactivities are attributed to the rich phytocompounds present in this botanical. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the mechanistic role of its bioactive compounds coupled with drug development processes and to explore the potential at clinical levels. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Exploring the Adverse Impact of Pesticides in Honey Bees and Their Virulence
(AMG Transcend Association, 2024) Poonam Kumari; Sneha Lohar; Vanisha Godara; Monika Kumari Prajapati; Varad Nagar; Ashrut Singhal; Badal Mavry; Pritam P. Pandit; Anuj Sharma; Abhishek R. Rai; Rohith Krishna; Mahipal Singh Sankhla
Honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) significantly enhance seed production, fruit set, and yield through pollination. However, the world is facing a major challenge of honey bee loss due to the excessive use of pesticides facilitated by technological advancements. Pesticides are harmful to pollinators and can cause lethal and sublethal effects through dermal contact, ingestion, or inhalation of contaminated air. Pesticide exposure in agricultural fields has led to honey bee toxicity, which affects their neurophysiological and immune systems and, consequently, their life cycle. This toxicity also leads to contamination of bee products, which can negatively impact human health, affecting the nervous and digestive systems, among others. While there is limited knowledge about the impact of pesticides on wild honey bees, it is crucial to understand this to guide agricultural practices and legislation aimed at safeguarding these important pollinators. It is, therefore, essential to take major steps to control pesticide toxicity in honey bees and prevent further harm. © 2024, AMG Transcend Association. All rights reserved.
Fluorescent Nanoparticles: An Advanced Approach for Latent Fingerprint Development
(Apple Academic Press, 2025) Sneha Lohar; Poonam Kumari; Badal Mavry; Kapil Parihar; Varad Nagar; Pritam P. Pandit; Mahipal Singh Singh Sankhla; Raj Kumar
One of the most reliable characteristics for identifying someone is their fingerprint. In criminal investigations, recovering or gathering latent fingerprints from the crime scene is crucial. The contrast between the 54ridges and the substrate allows for the detection and description of fine features, which is essential for the successful use of created fingerprints for identification. A nanoparticle, often called an ultrafine particle, is a tiny material particle with a size range of 1–100 nm. Due to their small size, nanomaterials are exceptional in their ability to alter mechanical, electrical, and optical properties. At a crime scene, latent or invisible fingerprints are frequently left behind. Some of the nanoparticles used to obtain latent fingerprints include silica, carbon, aluminium, copper, barium, iron, and vanadium. Traditional methods have drawbacks such as low contrast, sensitivity, selectivity, and danger. These methods include powder dusting, chemical processes, and small particle reagent methods. The creation of latent fingerprints using fluorescent nanoparticles is the main subject of this review. Due to their distinctive optical and chemical properties, fluorescent nanoparticles were chosen because they offer greater contrast and sensitivity than conventional methods while also being less dangerous. © 2026 by Apple Academic Press, Inc.
Green Solution for Heavy Metal Removal: Utilizing Banana Peel Waste as a Sustainable and Effective Adsorbent
(AMG Transcend Association, 2024) Lokesh Kumar Jangir; Apoorva Singh; Abhishek R. Rai; Varad Nagar; Garima Awasthi; Poonam Kumari; Ragini Gupta; Kumud Kant Awasthi; Kamlendra Awasthi; Mahipal Singh Sankhla
In recent years, the discharge of wastewater containing heavy metal ions, such as mercury (Hg), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and iron (Fe), has posed a significant threat to the environment. Fortunately, research has found that banana peels contain elements, including sulfur, nitrogen, and carboxylic acid, which can effectively attract these heavy metals. The binding properties of banana peels can be retained for over ten cycles, making them a sustainable solution for water purification. This review summarizes recent studies on synthesizing porous carbons using banana peels and their application in water purification. Various synthesis methods and the adsorption mechanisms for removing heavy metals such as Hg, Cu, Pb, and Fe are discussed. Finally, this review concludes with a summary and highlights future prospects for research in this field. © 2024 by the authors.
Influence of different length linker containing DHEA-7-CMO-enzyme conjugates on sensitivity and specificity of DHEA-17-CMO-antibody
(2011) Tulsidas G. Shrivastav; Shail K. Chaube; Kiran P. Kariya; Rita Singh; Dinesh Kumar; Deepa Pandit; Pragati Ujawane; Poonam Kumari; Bhavana Pandey
Introduction of spacers in enzyme conjugates is known to exert an influence on the assay parameters of steroid enzyme immunoassays. We have introduced 3 to 10 atomic length linkers between enzyme and steroid moieties and studied their effects on sensitivity and specificity of dehydroepiandrosterone enzyme immunoassays. Dehydroepiandrosterone-17-carboxymethyloxime-bovine serum albumin (DHEA-17-CMO-BSA) was used as an immunogen to raise the antiserum in New Zealand white rabbits. Five enzyme conjugates were prepared using DHEA-7-CMO as carboxylic derivative of DHEA and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as label. These were DHEA-7-CMO-HRP, DHEA-7-CMO-urea-HRP (DHEA-7-CMO-U-HRP), DHEA-7-CMO-ehylenediamine-HRP (DHEA-7-CMO-EDA-HRP), DHEA-7-CMO-carbohydrazide- HRP (DHEA-7-CMO-CH-HRP), and DHEA-7-CMO-adipic acid dihydrazide-HRP (DHEA-7-CMO-ADH-HRP). The influence of different atomic length linkers on sensitivity and specificity were studied with reference to label without linker. The results of the present investigation revealed that with incorporation of linkers, the sensitivity improves, whereas specificity only marginally improves. These differential behaviors of various linkers toward the sensitivity and specificity of assays might be due to the difference in the magnitude of overall forces of attraction between the antibody and the enzyme conjugates. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Meta-taxonomic analysis of prokaryotic and eukaryotic gut flora in stool samples from visceral leishmaniasis cases and endemic controls in Bihar State India
(Public Library of Science, 2019) Rachael Lappan; Cajsa Classon; Shashi Kumar; Om Prakash Singh; Ricardo V. De Almeida; Jaya Chakravarty; Poonam Kumari; Sangeeta Kansal; Shyam Sundar; Jenefer M. Blackwell
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania donovani remains of public health concern in rural India. Those at risk of VL are also at risk of other neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) including soil transmitted helminths. Intestinal helminths are potent regulators of host immune responses sometimes mediated through cross-talk with gut microbiota. We evaluate a meta-taxonomic approach to determine the composition of prokaryotic and eukaryotic gut microflora using amplicon-based sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) and 18S rRNA gene regions. The most abundant bacterial taxa identified in faecal samples from Bihar State India were Prevotella (37.1%), Faecalibacterium (11.3%), Escherichia- Shigella (9.1%), Alloprevotella (4.5%), Bacteroides (4.1%), Ruminococcaceae UCG- 002 (1.6%), and Bifidobacterium (1.5%). Eukaryotic taxa identified (excluding plant genera) included Blastocystis (57.9%; Order: Stramenopiles), Dientamoeba (12.1%; Family: Tritrichomonadea), Pentatrichomonas (10.1%; Family: Trichomonodea), Entamoeba (3.5%; Family: Entamoebida), Ascaridida (0.8%; Family: Chromodorea; concordant with Ascaris by microscopy), Rhabditida (0.8%; Family: Chromodorea; concordant with Strongyloides), and Cyclophyllidea (0.2%; Order: Eucestoda; concordant with Hymenolepis). Overall alpha (Shannon's, Faith's and Pielou's indices) and beta (Bray-Curtis dissimilarity statistic; weighted UniFrac distances) diversity of taxa did not differ significantly by age, sex, geographic subdistrict, or VL case (N = 23) versus endemic control (EC; N = 23) status. However, taxon-specific associations occurred: (i) Ruminococcaceae UCG- 014 and Gastranaerophilales-uncultured bacterium were enriched in EC compared to VL cases; (ii) Pentatrichomonas was more abundant in VL cases than in EC, whereas the reverse occurred for Entamoeba. Across the cohort, high Escherichia-Shigella was associated with reduced bacterial diversity, while high Blastocystis was associated with high bacterial diversity and low Escherichia-Shigella. Individuals with high Blastocystis had low Bacteroidaceae and high Clostridiales vadin BB60 whereas the reverse held true for low Blastocystis. This scoping study provides useful baseline data upon which to develop a broader analysis of pathogenic enteric microflora and their influence on gut microbial health and NTDs generally. 2019 Lappan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. © 2019 Public Library of Science. All rights reserved.
Neutron diffraction study of multiferroic Mo-doped CoFe2O4
(Elsevier, 2015) A. Das; G.D. Dwivedi; Poonam Kumari; P. Shahi; H.D. Yang; A.K. Ghosh; Sandip Chatterjee
Neutron diffraction measurements have been carried out to study the coexistence of magnetic ordering and ferroelectricity at room temperature in CoFe1.8Mo0.2O4. It is observed from this study that the Mo6+ preferentially occupies the octahedral site and it converts some of the Fe3+ ions into Fe2+ ions in the tetrahedral site. The conversion of Fe3+ ions into Fe2+ ions modulate the Fe-Fe distances which in effect induce the ferroelectricity in magnetically ordered CoFe1.8Mo0.2O4. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Response surface methodology and artificial neural network modeling for optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction and rapid HPTLC analysis of asiaticoside from Centella asiatica
(Elsevier B.V., 2022) Poonam Kumari; Prabhjot Kaur; Vijay Kumar; Babita Pandey; Romaan Nazir; Kajal Katoch; Padmanabh Dwivedi; Abhijit Dey; Devendra Kumar Pandey
The present study optimizes various extraction conditions for better yield of asiaticoside in Centellaasiatica. Response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) were used for the first time here in order to model and optimize the ultrasonic extraction parameters of asiaticoside from C.asiaticaleaves for comparing and establishment of effective prediction models.The quantitative determination of asiaticoside was carried out on silica gel 60 F254HPTLC plates by using the mobile phase consisting of butanol: ethyl acetate: water (4:1:5). The optimum sonication parameters solid:solvent ratio (1:15), sonication time (18 min), solvent composition (35% aqueous-ethanol), the experimental maximum yield obtained for asiaticoside were 0.198% and the maximum predicted yield were found to be 0.201% i.e closely related to the experimental yield. The results showed that RBF gives better performance as compared to MLP and RSM. The study suggests that RSM and ANN model system can be manipulated for the optimization and production of valuable bioactive compounds. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.
Structural and magnetic properties of quasi-one-dimensional doped LiCuVO4
(2013) Abhishek Kumar; Poonam Kumari; A. Das; G.D. Dwivedi; P. Shahi; K.K. Shukla; A.K. Ghosh; A.K. Nigam; K.K. Chattopadhyay; Sandip Chatterjee
The Neutron diffraction, X-ray photoemission and Magnetic properties of Zn, Co and Mn-doped LiCuVO4 were investigated. Both with Zn and Co doping the antiferromagnetic correlation increase. On the other hand Mn-doping induces the short range ferromagnetic ordering. Neutron diffraction study does not show any phase transition down to 5 K i.e., there is no indication of long range magnetic ordering. Neutron diffraction study also indicates that with Zn, Co and Mn doping the V-O lengths are changed. Maximum change in the V-O distances is observed for Mn-doped sample. On the other hand, X-ray photoemission spectroscopic data indicates Mn doping converts some Cu 2+ ions into Cu3+ ions. © 2013 Published by Elsevier Inc.