Browsing by Author "Prabhat K. Gupta"

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Assessment of energy generation potentials of MSW in Delhi under different technological options
(2013) Monojit Chakraborty; Chhemendra Sharma; Jitendra Pandey; Prabhat K. Gupta
Municipal solid waste (MSW) is an important source of methane emission which is a greenhouse gas (GHG) and has high potential for its use as energy source. A study has been carried out to find out the energy generation potential of MSW being dumped in Delhi's three landfills viz. Ghazipur (GL), Bhalswa (BL) and Okhla (OL). Five technologies for waste to energy generation, namely biomethanation, incineration, gasification/pyrolysis, refused derived fuel (RDF) and plasma arc gasification have been evaluated for computation of possible energy (WTE) generation potential of MSW under ideal conditions using the MSW specific characteristic parameters. Bulk waste with and without pre-segregation of reusable high carbonaceous materials have been considered to develop range of energy generation potentials under two scenarios of with and without segregation of MSW. USEPA-LandGem model version 3.02 has been used to get LFG generation potential of Delhi's landfills. The potential of biomethanation process for producing energy has been found to be in the range of 3-10, 3-8 and 2-8 MW/day from the MSW deposited in GL, BL and OL respectively. The energy generation potentials of the MSW deposited in GL, BL and OL have been found to be in the range of 8-24, 7-22 and 7-19 MW/day for incineration process; 17-32, 16-29 and 11-25 MW/day from gasification/pyrolysis process; 9-19, 8-18 and 6-15 MW/day for RDF process; and 17-35, 16-32 and 11-28 MW/day for plasma arc gasification process respectively. The lower values in these ranges depict the energy generation potential for segregated waste while the higher values are for the bulk waste. These values are based on theoretical ideals and help in identifying the optimal WTE technique. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Methane emission estimation from landfills in Delhi: A comparative assessment of different methodologies
(2011) Monojit Chakraborty; Chhemendra Sharma; Jitendra Pandey; Nahar Singh; Prabhat K. Gupta
Landfills are important anthropogenic sources of methane (CH4) emission especially in fast urbanizing countries. This paper presents the CH4 emission estimations carried out using the in-situ CH4 measurements, IPCC 1996 Default methodology (DM), Modified Triangular Method (MTM) and First Order Decay (FOD) method for the three landfills currently operational in the capital city Delhi of India. The in-situ methodology has yielded the landfills specific methane emission factors (EFs). The annual average methane emission rates from three landfills namely, Ghazipur (GL), Bhalswa (BL) and Okhla (OL) are 14.6, 23.6 & 7.5 Gg y-1 by DM; 13.3, 10.6 & 7.2 Gg y-1 by the FOD; 17.0, 13.7 and 10.7 Gg y-1 by the MTM; and 4.6, 4.2 and 1.4 Gg y-1 by the in-situ measurement method respectively. The CH4 EFs have been found to be 9.7 ± 2.6, 5.5 ± 1.6 and 5.5 ± 1.7 g kg-1 of waste respectively for the GL, BL and OL landfills in Delhi. The study reveals that in-situ methodology seems to provide better representative emission estimation compared to other methods. The FOD method also yields comparable results with that of in-situ methodology in cases where good waste composition data is available. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd.
Preliminary test of functionalized ZnO2 against Bipolaris sorokiniana and other seed associated mycoflora for better wheat germination
(Research Journal of BioTechnology, 2016) Nahar Singh; Ansuman Khandual; Prabhat K. Gupta; S.S. Vaish
Bipolaris sorokiniana that causes foliar blight of wheat is one of the most serious worries for growers in warmer and humid areas around the world. Use of ecologically sound molecules for management of plant diseases is considered as one of the best options to achieve sustainability of ecology, agriculture and human health. Attempts were made to synthesize PVP functionalized ZnO2 nanomaterials to explore antifungal ability and impact on plant growth. The growth and spore germination of B. sorokiniana was significantly reduced. The seed germination was improved with good development of plumule and radicles. Moreover, the proliferation of wheat seed associated pathogenic and saprophytic mycoflora was completely inhibited. These new informations suggest use of PVP functionalized ZnO2 nanoparticles as an alternative to harmful fungicides for seed treatment and lower agricultural cost and environmental risk.