Browsing by Author "Pradeep Kumar Prajapati"

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Adjunct use of honey in diabetes mellitus: A consensus or conundrum?
(Elsevier Ltd, 2020) Rohit Sharma; Natália Martins; Ashun Chaudhary; Neha Garg; Vineet Sharma; Kamil Kuca; Eugenie Nepovimova; Hardeep Singh Tuli; Anupam Bishayee; Anand Chaudhary; Pradeep Kumar Prajapati
Background: Honey is being used in Complementary and Alternative Medicine, especially in Indian Ayurvedic Medicine, as an adjuvant and supplement in diabetes mellitus treatment since immemorial times. In recent times, the use of honey has experienced a renewed interest in the context of diabetes treatment because of the rise in the accessibility of evidence-based pharmacological and clinical findings, signifying its health benefits. Scope and approach: There are differential opinions regarding the traditional use of honey in diabetes mellitus. The present review highlights various research propositions, hoisted issues, and misconceptions regarding the effects of honey in diabetes management and presents current challenges and future perspectives. A comprehensive critical review was performed by probing the traditional antidiabetic claims of honey, considering published reports in online databases. Key findings and conclusions: A total of 20 pre-clinical and 25 clinical studies investigated the antidiabetic effect of honey. Though in vivo studies are still limited, the findings reinforce the multi-targeted antidiabetic effect of honey, exerting antioxidant, nutritional, antihyperglycemic, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, antihypertensive, hypolipidemic, and hypoglycaemic activities. Preclinical and clinical evidence suggests that honey may possess multi-faceted and adjunct effects to accomplish a better glycaemic control, ameliorate several metabolic derangements, and mitigate oxidative stress-evoked diabetic problems. Nevertheless, the findings remain inconclusive due to poor study designs and other limitations (e.g. short duration, few participants, the difference in type of study participants, varied honey sources, and administered doses). Overall, there is a significant gap in knowledge, and hence, carefully planned, detailed in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies are warranted to reach better conclusions. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
Bhavana, an Ayurvedic Pharmaceutical Method and a Versatile Drug Delivery Platform to Prepare Potentiated Micro-Nano-Sized Drugs: Core Concept and Its Current Relevance
(Hindawi Limited, 2022) Rohit Sharma; Prashant Bedarkar; Deepak Timalsina; Anand Chaudhary; Pradeep Kumar Prajapati
Scholars of ancient Ayurveda (Indian system of medicine) were extremely reasonable and had strong scientific rationality in fundamental concepts, which are also applied to drug manufacture and therapy. Bhavana is a unique traditional method of transformation of raw material/substances into the drug by levigation or wet grinding of powdered drugs with juice/decoction/solution of plant, animal, or mineral origin. This method adds the unique capability of affecting the physicochemical and biological properties of a drug, making the drug quicker, augmented, and persistent action with minimal dose. Despite the fact that Bhavana has a wide range of applications in Ayurvedic pharmaceutics, there is only a limited amount of knowledge of its fundamental notions. A comprehensive review was performed on the core concepts of Bhavana, alongside its possible pharmacotherapeutic effects and relevance in drug development, by probing Ayurvedic claims in light of published pharmaceutical, analytical, and pharmacological reports. Various processes, such as thermo- and photochemistry, physicochemical reactions, and mechanic chemical changes, appear to occur during Bhavana. © 2022 Rohit Sharma et al.
Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Palash (Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub.): a Systematic Review
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Poonam Kumari; Kirti Raina; Sunil Thakur; Rohit Sharma; Natália Cruz-Martins; Pardeep Kumar; Kalyan Barman; Swati Sharma; Dileep Kumar; Pradeep Kumar Prajapati; Rohit Sharma; Ashun Chaudhary
Purpose of Review: Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. is an Indian traditional medicinal tree, aka “flame of forest,” “palash,” “bastard teak,” and “dhak.” The family comprises 630 genera and 18,000 species distributed throughout Asian countries. It is traditionally used since the Vedic era for different therapeutic purposes in various parts of India. This review is aimed to provide updated report on ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of B. monosperma that have been revealed till now. Recent Findings: This plant exhibits various pharmacological properties such as anti-helminthic, anti-conceptive, anti-stress, anti-estrogenic, antifertility, antimicrobial, chemopreventive, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, and anti-cancer effects because of specific metabolites present in its parts. Some of the most renowned phytochemicals present in it include flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, proteins, lipids, and sterols. Earlier phytochemical studies have underlined several metabolites, including 3,4,2’,4’-tetrahydrochalcone-3,4-diglucoside (isobutrin), 7,3’,4’-trihydroxyflavanone-7,3’-diglucoside (butrin), cajanin, isoformononetin, stigmasterol, butein, medicarpin, and butinas responsible for their excellent pharmacological activities. Summary: Compelling evidence support the traditional ethnomedicinal claims of B. monosperma and its wide range of bioactivities are attributed to the rich phytocompounds present in this botanical. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the mechanistic role of its bioactive compounds coupled with drug development processes and to explore the potential at clinical levels. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Indian medicinal plants as drug leads in neurodegenerative disorders
(Elsevier, 2020) Rohit Sharma; Neha Garg; Deepanshu Verma; Preeti Rathi; Vineet Sharma; Kamil Kuca; Pradeep Kumar Prajapati
There is rising global interest toward herbal or traditional medicines due to their natural origin and lesser side effects than conventional synthetic drugs that have been described with unwanted but unavoidable side effects. Therefore herbal therapies are being preferred over conventional treatments as an effective remedy of many brain disorders. Ancient system of medicine-Ayurveda-is widely practiced in Indian subcontinent with a rich traditional wisdom of nootropic herbs known for their multidimensional utility in various conditions. Strewn information is available relating to role of Indian traditional herbs for various brain disorders. Present review includes: (i) common neurodegenerative brain disorders with the associated changes, (ii) important Ayurvedic botanicals having potential roles in neurodegenerative disorders with description of their traditional usage, administration, and possible mechanism of actions. © 2021 Elsevier Inc.
Influence of family environment and tobacco addiction: A short report from a post-graduate teaching hospital, India
(MDPI AG, 2020) Rohit Sharma; Natália Martins; Arunabh Tripathi; Pasquale Caponnetto; Neha Garg; Eugenie Nepovimova; Kamil Kuča; Pradeep Kumar Prajapati
Background: The initiation of tobacco addiction is complex, and several factors contribute to the onset of this behavior. It is presumed that the influence of family environment may pose a key factor in tobacco addiction. Tobacco-use has been highly observed in the Jamnagar district of Saurashtra region of Gujarat, India. No earlier study has focused on determining the pervasiveness of tobacco-use in families of tobacco users and non-users in this geographical area. Thus, this study aimed to assess the practice and pattern of tobacco-use (smoking and/or tobacco-chewing) in the families of tobacco-user patients. Methods: We studied the families of 65 tobacco-user patients (Group 1) who visited an outpatient clinic of an Ayurvedic post-graduate hospital with complaints of cough were studied and compared with age and gender-matched non-tobacco users (Group 2). The prevalence of tobacco use among the parents, siblings, and children of both groups was analyzed and compared. Results: The findings revealed that tobacco use among parents, siblings, and children in Group 1 was higher than Group 2 (p < 0.001). This meant that the problems of tobacco addiction are not always related to the individual, and therefore, tobacco-prevention strategies should focus on the entire family. Conclusions: These findings offer further insight into the promotion of smoking prevention interventions. Nevertheless, further research is warranted. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Kamini Vidrawan Ras inducing opioid dependence? - Understanding the facts
(Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2023) Rohit Sharma; Ruchi Sharma; Subhadip Banerjee; Pradeep Kumar Prajapati
[No abstract available]
Mucormycosis in the COVID-19 Environment: A Multifaceted Complication
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022) Rohit Sharma; Praveen Kumar; Abdur Rauf; Ashun Chaudhary; Pradeep Kumar Prajapati; Talha Bin Emran; Clara Mariana Gonçalves Lima; Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
The second wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused severe infections with high mortality. An increase in the cases of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) was reported predominantly in India. Commonly present in immunocompromised individuals, mucormycosis is often a life-threatening condition. Confounding factors and molecular mechanisms associated with CAM are still not well understood, and there is a need for careful research in this direction. In this review, a brief account of the diagnosis, management, and advancement in drug discovery for mucormycosis has been provided. Here, we summarize major factors that dictate the occurrence of mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients through the analysis of published literature and case reports. Major predisposing factors to mucormycosis appear to be uncontrolled diabetes, steroid therapy, and certain cancers. At the molecular level, increased levels of iron in COVID-19 might contribute to mucormycosis. We have also discussed the potential role and regulation of iron metabolism in COVID-19 patients in establishing fungal growth. Other factors including diabetes prevalence and fungal spore burden in India as contributing factors have also been discussed. Copyright © 2022 Sharma, Kumar, Rauf, Chaudhary, Prajapati, Emran, Gonçalves Lima and Conte-Junior.
Phytochemical profiling and biological activities of Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw.: An edible vegetable fern
(Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2023) Kirti Raina; Alisha Chaudhary; Purnima Sharma; Rohit Sharma; Kanchan Bhardwaj; Pardeep Kumar; Atul Kabra; Sunil Thakur; Ashun Chaudhary; Mamta Prajapati; Pradeep Kumar Prajapati; Rajeev K. Singla
Objectives: Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw. is an edible vegetable fern of the Himalayan region with high nutritional and therapeutic value owing to its richness in various secondary metabolites and both macro and micronutrients. Content: This updated review discusses the general traditional use, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, nutritional value, pharmacology, and toxicity concerns of D. esculentum. Summary: The plant parts, viz. rhizomes, shoots, fronds and leaves, have immense ethnomedicinal importance, being traditionally used to cure several health disorders. Among other pharmacological effects, this botanical reveals excellent anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-leishmanial, antioxidant, anaphylactic, antipyretic, anthelmintic and hepatoprotective activities, directly attributed to the presence of many secondary metabolites. From a pharmacological point of view, the excellent antioxidant potential of D. esculentum suggests its promising use for nutraceutical or functional food formulation purposes. Outlook: Considering the evidences on popular ethnomedicinal uses of D. esculentum as an edible vegetable, its immense bio-potential, and multiple pharmacological roles, there is a huge need to evaluate its therapeutic applications in light of standard clinical trials. © 2023 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.
Predictive, Preventive and Personalized Medicine: Leads From Ayurvedic Concept of Prakriti (Human Constitution)
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2020) Rohit Sharma; Pradeep Kumar Prajapati
Purpose of Review: Genomics has ushered in a phase of predictive, preventive and personalized medicine (PM), and several attempts are being made to detect genetic variations that are responsible for susceptibility to diseases and varied response to medications, however, have met with only a limited success. Ancient Indian system of medicine, Ayurveda, strongly emphasize on personalized patient care under the concept of Prakriti (phenotype-based human constitution). We would therefore like to put forward a new dimension of PM—the ‘Prakriti-based medicine’ bearing testable molecular and genetic correlates. Recent Findings: Current investigations in the field of genomics, PM and Ayurveda have inspired many researchers and started in-depth deliberation on how Prakriti (phenotype-based Ayurveda constitution) is associated with the field of genomics, biochemistry, psychology, physiology and therapeutics. Various genotypes have also been correlated with Prakriti. Studies have shown wide range of utilities of Prakriti assessment in therapeutics, i.e. from predicting disease susceptibility of an individual, prevention of impending diseases, early diagnosis through screening of the high risk, rational drug designing, customization of therapy (drug, diet and lifestyle) and health maintenance. Summary: Ayurvedic Prakriti-based treatment resonates with PM and pharmacogenomics and holds potential and promise for future predictive or preventive medicine. Further studies are warranted towards integrating or complementing genomics and contemporary medical science with Prakriti and explore the future possibilities. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.