Browsing by Author "Pranali Yogiraj Khobragade"

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50,000 years of evolutionary history of India: Impact on health and disease variation
(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Élise Kerdoncuff; Laurits Skov; Nick J. Patterson; Joyita Banerjee; Pranali Yogiraj Khobragade; Sankha Shubhra Chakrabarti; Avinash Chakrawarty; Prasun Chatterjee; Minakshi Dhar; Monica Gupta; John P. John; Parvaiz A. Koul; Sarabmeet Singh Lehl; Rashmi Ranjan Mohanty; Mekala Padmaja; Arokiasamy Perianayagam; Chhaya Rajguru; Lalit Raghunath Sankhe; Arunansu Talukdar; Mathew Varghese; Sathyanarayana Raju Yadati; Wei Zhao; Yuk Yee Leung; Gerard D. Schellenberg; Yi Zhe Wang; Jennifer A. Smith; Sharmistha Dey; Andrea Ganna; Aparajita Ballav Dey; Sharon L.R. Kardia; Jinkook Lee; Priya G. Moorjani
India has been underrepresented in genomic surveys. We generated whole-genome sequences from 2,762 individuals in India, capturing the genetic diversity across most geographic regions, linguistic groups, and historically underrepresented communities. We find most Indians harbor ancestry primarily from three ancestral groups: South Asian hunter-gatherers, Eurasian Steppe pastoralists, and Neolithic farmers related to Iranian and Central Asian cultures. The extensive homozygosity and identity-by-descent sharing among individuals reflects strong founder events due to a recent shift toward endogamy. We uncover that most of the genetic variation in Indians stems from a single major migration out of Africa that occurred around 50,000 years ago, followed by 1%–2% gene flow from Neanderthals and Denisovans. Notably, Indians exhibit the largest variation and possess the highest amount of population-specific Neanderthal ancestry segments among worldwide groups. Finally, we discuss how this complex evolutionary history has shaped the functional and disease variation on the subcontinent. © 2025 The Authors
Defining anthropometric thresholds (mid-arm circumference and calf circumference) in older adults residing in the community: A cross-sectional analysis using data from the population representative Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI DAD)
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2023) Manjusha Bhagwasia; Abhijith Rajaram Rao; Joyita Banerjee; Swati Bajpai; Pranali Yogiraj Khobragade; Aruna V Raman; Arunanshu Talukdar; Arvind Jain; Chhaya Rajguru; Lalit Sankhe; Debabrata Goswami; Ganapathy Sankaralingam Shanthi; Govind Kumar; Mathew Varghese; Minakshi Dhar; Monica Gupta; Parvaiz A Koul; Rashmi Ranjan Mohanty; Sankha Shubhra Chakrabarti; Sathyanarayana Raju Yadati; Sharmistha Dey; Jinkook Lee; Aparajit Ballav Dey
Objectives To identify factors associated with malnutrition (undernutrition and overnutrition) and determine appropriate cut-off values for mid-arm circumference (MAC) and calf circumference (CC) among community-dwelling Indian older adults. Design Data from the first wave of harmonised diagnostic assessment of dementia for Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI-DAD) were used. Various sociodemographic factors, comorbidities, geriatric syndromes, childhood financial and health status were included. Anthropometric measurements included body mass index (BMI), MAC and CC. Setting Nationally representative cohort study including 36 Indian states and union territories. Participants 4096 older adults aged >60 years from LASI DAD. Outcome measures The outcome variable was BMI, categorised as low (<18.5 kg/m 2), normal (18.5-22.9 kg/m 2) and high (>23 kg/m 2). The cut-off values of MAC and CC were derived using ROC curve with BMI as the gold standard. Results 902 (weighted percentage 20.55%) had low BMI, 1742 (44.25%) had high BMI. Undernutrition was associated with age, wealth-quintile and impaired cognition, while overnutrition was associated with higher education, urban living and comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes and chronic heart disease. For CC, the optimal lower and upper cut-offs for males were 28.1 cm and >31.5 cm, respectively, while for females, the corresponding values were 26 cm and >29 cm. Similarly, the optimal lower and upper cut-offs for MAC in males were 23.9 cm and >26.9 cm, and for females, they were 22.5 cm and >25 cm. Conclusion Our study identifies a high BMI prevalence, especially among females, individuals with higher education, urban residents and those with comorbidities. We establish gender-specific MAC and CC cut-off values with significant implications for healthcare, policy and research. Tailored interventions can address undernutrition and overnutrition in older adults, enhancing standardised nutritional assessment and well-being. © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.