Browsing by Author "Pranjali Singh"

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Anaerobic Digestion of Agri-Food Wastes for Generating Biofuels
(Springer, 2021) Chunjie Gong; Ankit Singh; Pranjali Singh; Archana Singh
Presently, fossil fuels are extensively employed as major sources of energy, and their uses are considered unsustainable due to emissions of obnoxious gases on the burning of fossil fuels, which can lead to severe environmental complications, including human health. To tackle these issues, various processes are developing to waste as a feed to generate eco-friendly fuels. The biological production of fuels is considered to be more beneficial than physicochemical methods due to their environmentally friendly nature, high rate of conversion at ambient physiological conditions, and less energy-intensive. Among various biofuels, hydrogen (H2) is considered as a wonderful due to high calorific value and generate water molecule as end product on the burning. The H2 production from biowaste is demonstrated, and agri-food waste can be potentially used as a feedstock due to their high biodegradability over lignocellulosic-based biomass. Still, the H2 production is uneconomical from biowaste in fuel competing market because of low yields and increased capital and operational expenses. Anaerobic digestion is widely used for waste management and the generation of value-added products. This article is highlighting the valorization of agri-food waste to biofuels in single (H2) and two-stage bioprocesses of H2 and CH4 production. © 2021, Association of Microbiologists of India.
Enzyme kinetics: Industrially important enzymes
(Elsevier, 2023) Archana Singh; Pranjali Singh; Ankit Singh; Deepak Pandey; Durgavati Yadav; Kumar Sandeep
Biocatalysts play a key role in biotransformation reactions. Enzymes are a versatile biocatalyst present in almost all kinds of organisms to regulate their metabolism and survival. Biocatalysts exhibited high selectivity and specificity toward their substrate under mild conditions over chemical processes that are carried out under very harsh conditions and led to the undesirable side by-products. Microbes or enzymes recovered from them are widely utilized for biotechnological applications, including industrial and biomedical. Enzymes are more beneficial over the whole cells due to their high selectivity and easy to operate in the specific reaction. Therefore, the selection of a key enzyme as biocatalysts is necessary for successful industrial applications. The purification of enzymes also faces major challenges such as to retain high activity and better stability. Primarily, the enzyme properties such as low activity (rate of reaction), narrow physiological conditions (low stability), and kinetic properties such a low affinity toward the substrate, low turnover number, and catalytic efficiency. In this book chapter, the details about industrial biocatalysts properties production of enzymes, and improvement in their kinetic and stability properties through protein engineering and immobilization of enzymes is discussed to improve biotechnological applications for human welfare and environmental benefits. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.