Browsing by Author "Priti Upadhyay"

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Heat stress resilience in Capsicum annuum: Scientific Perspectives
(Springer, 2025) Priti Upadhyay; Nikita Baliyan; Aruna Ts; M. Yogananda; Priyanka Choudhary; Arpita Srivastava; Bhupinder K. Singh; Viswanathan Chinnusamy; Manisha Mangal
The anthropogenic rise in greenhouse gas emissions intensifies the trapping of longwave radiation emitted from the Earth's surface, leading to increased global temperatures. High temperatures (HT) adversely affect the critical developmental stages in chilli, such as root initiation, flowering and fruit set. In response, chilli plant employs a range of strategies including escape, acclimation and adaptation mediated by the expression of stress responsive proteins, genes and metabolites. The key components of this response include heat shock proteins (HSPs), reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes, aquaporins, osmoprotectants and other stress inducible genes that collectively enhance thermotolerance. Conventional breeding efforts have improved HT adaptability by selection for traits such as increased biomass, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and reduced canopy temperature. In addition, landraces represent valuable genetic resources for identifying heat tolerant genotypes, and can be evaluated by advanced phenotyping platforms. Moreover, the integration of next generation sequencing (NGS) technologies with physiological data allows for the rapid and high-throughput discovery of candidate genes associated with heat stress tolerance. Molecular breeding approaches such as marker assisted selection (MAS), genomic selection and genome wide association studies (GWAS) enable the development of heat tolerant chilli cultivars in shortest time duration. This review offers an in-depth analysis of the physiological, biochemical and genetic mechanisms underlying heat tolerance (HT) in chilli, recent omics advancements and the challenges of breeding heat resilient cultivars. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms is crucial for creating robust chilli varieties capable of withstanding HT, ensuring sustainable yields and food security under changing global climatic conditions. © Prof. H.S. Srivastava Foundation for Science and Society 2025.
Host Recognition Mechanisms: Unraveling the Signaling Pathways in Endophyte Communication
(Springer, 2025) Priyanka Choudhary; Sanjay Kumar Jaiswal; Priti Upadhyay
Endophytes within plant tissues significantly impact plant health and productivity. The intricate signaling of molecular communication between endophytes and their host plants remains a captivating enigma in the realm of plant-microbe interactions. This chapter is focused on identifying key molecular components governing the initiation and modulation of endophyte communication within host plants, which in turn utilizes advanced molecular biology techniques, gene expression profiling, functional assays, etc. It meticulously elucidates the specific signaling cascades activated during host recognition events, emphasizing the significance of signals from both plants and endophytes for successful symbiotic interactions. Additionally, this chapter probes the role of secondary metabolites and small signaling molecules as potential mediators in host recognition. Through integrating transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches, this chapter aims to unveil the dynamic interplay between host and endophyte, shedding light on intricate regulatory networks. This chapter will provide valuable insights into the fundamental processes governing endophyte-host interactions. This knowledge has the potential to inform strategies for optimizing plant-microbe associations in agriculture, promoting sustainable practices, and harnessing the full potential of endophytes for enhancing plant growth and resilience across diverse environmental conditions. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.
Identification of transcription factors in tomato, potentially related to early blight resistance at invasion in host tissue using, microarray expression profiling
(Elsevier B.V., 2016) Priti Upadhyay; Showkat Hussain Ganie; Ashutosh Rai; Major Singh; Brajesh Sinha
Tomato early blight is an important threat due to its capacity to reduce the production in all major tomato producing areas. Molecular mechanisms underlying resistance to the causal organism are not well known. Therefore, we aimed to study tomato – Alternaria solani system to search the transcription factors and pathways which, are responsible for resistance to this fungi using, affymetrix gene chip for tomato. three hundred ninety five transcription factors were found to be differentially expressed at 24 h after inoculation with A. solani in the resistant genotype, EC-520,061, of tomato. Also, Zinc Finger Proteins, Ribosomal binding unit S4 and Auxin responsive transcription factors were found to play significant role in resistance. Their expression has enhanced the pathogenesis related proteins and also other proteins as well, which, have direct role in stopping the penetration of mycelia in host plant. © 2016 South African Association of Botanists
Microarray analyses during early stage of the tomato/Alternaria solani interaction
(Elsevier Inc., 2015) Priti Upadhyay; Ashutosh Rai; Rajesh Kumar; Major Singh; Brajesh Sinha
Tomato early blight is an important threat and it has capacity to reduce the production in all major tomato producing areas. Molecular mechanism underlying the resistance against this is not well known. Therefore we studied this system to search the possible mechanism of resistance, which includes pathogenesis related protein, and pathways and transcription factors, which are responsible for resistance against this pathogen using affymetrix gene chip for tomato. Their differential expressions have enhanced the biochemical and other related products, which have, direct or indirect role in stopping the penetration of mycelia in the host plant. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.
Nanotechnology Interventions for Sustainable Plant Nutrition and Biosensing
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Akansha Singh; Priti Upadhyay; Esha Rami; Shravan Kumar Singh
The application of nanotechnology in agriculture is driven by the pressing need to meet the increasing global demand for food production. Nanoparticles, owing to their incredibly small size, bridge the gap between macroscopic materials and atomic or molecular structures, making them ideal for various agricultural applications. They have the potential to revolutionize conventional farming practices by optimizing nutrient utilization, resource management, and environmental sustainability. The impact of nanotechnology on agriculture spans a wide range of areas, including nutrient delivery, pest management, soil fertility improvement, precision farming, water management, post-harvest preservation, environmental sustainability, smart delivery systems, genetic modification, and nanofertilizers (NFs). NFs, in particular, have garnered attention for their ability to improve nutrient delivery and enhance crop development, while minimizing environmental harm and reducing costs compared to traditional fertilizers. These nano-sized nutrients significantly enhance nutrient bioavailability to plants, ultimately promoting crop growth and yield. However, the application of nanomaterials in agriculture also raises concerns regarding their potential impact on soil microbial diversity, which plays a crucial role in maintaining soil health. In addition to NFs, this article discusses the role of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in agriculture. CNTs possess unique properties that can improve plant growth, root development, and resistance to salinity and disease. Furthermore, the article also deals with nanobiosensors and their application in precision agriculture. Moreover, this article addresses the importance of considering the toxicity, biosafety, and regulatory aspects when implementing nanotechnology in agriculture to maximize its potential benefits while safeguarding natural and environmental resources. © The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Sociedad Chilena de la Ciencia del Suelo 2024.
Population structure and genetic diversity in popular rice varieties of India as evidenced from SSR analysis
(2012) Priti Upadhyay; C.N. Neeraja; C. Kole; Vikas Kumar Singh
We report here on the phylogenetic analysis, population substructure, and identification of molecular tags of 25 popular rice varieties and four landraces from different ecological belts of India employing a set of 52 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Genetic analysis using the SSR markers categorized the genotypes into two major clusters, distributed according to their pedigree. Population structure analysis suggested that the optimum number of subpopulations was three (K = 3) in the popular varieties and landraces. At K = 5 the allelic distribution was much more similar to the phylogenetic dendrogram. The molecular diversity and population structure analysis indicated that there is not much variation among the popular rice cultivars of India. The study has identified SSR markers producing unique alleles, which should aid in the precise identification, maintenance, and genetic purity analysis of rice varieties. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012.
Relevance of the antioxidative mechanism during plant-microbe interaction
(Elsevier, 2023) Priyanka Choudhary; Priti Upadhyay
Various cellular oxidation processes occur in the plant cell for its growth, development, and adaptation to stress. These oxidation reactions produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) as their normal by-products. Normal functioning of the plant cell is defined by its ability in sustaining the subtle balance between ROS generation and scavenging. The interaction between plants and microbes induces oxidative stress by the overproduction of ROS due to breaching this delicate balance. This oxidative stress leads to substantial cellular damage due to protein degradation, lipid peroxidation, nucleic acid oxidation as well as programmed cell death, facilitating the pathogen to optimize its tissue colonization and nutrient uptake. In response, the plant cells protect themselves by counteracting against these toxic oxygen intermediates by deploying both nonenzymatic as well as enzymatic components of antioxidants. Hence, eventually, an increment in antioxidant activity can be anticipated as a notable indicator for stress management in plant microbe interaction, for example, H2O2 elimination by catalase, superoxide ion reduction by SOD, lignification, suberification, and polymerization of hydroxy-proline-rich glycoproteins, regulation of cell wall elongation by POXs and PAL being the primary enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway, antioxidants are involved in healing of wound in addition to resistance reaction against pathogens in plant microbe interaction, to name a few. In this milieu, this chapter presents a brief introduction to antioxidants, the mechanism of operation in plants, its dynamics under abiotic and biotic stress in general and microbial interaction, in particular, along with its role in protecting plants against phytopathogens. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Soil Pollution Caused by Agricultural Practices and Strategies to Manage It
(Springer Singapore, 2020) Priti Upadhyay; Akhouri Vaishampayan; Sanjay K. Jaiswal
Soil has a role of ‘mother’ for all living beings present on Earth, including plants, animals, humans and microorganisms. It is source of water and nutrients that are required for suitable growth and development of plants. ‘Soil pollution’ is the contamination of soil with harmful contents or substances that have poisonous effects on growth and health of plants and all creatures. Since soil pollution cannot be directly assessed or visually perceived generally, it has become a hidden danger. Soil can be polluted in many ways, including precipitation deposits of acidic compounds, human developmental and mining activities, industrial activities, various agricultural activities such as use of pesticides and over-fertilization. All these affect soil pH, presence and activities of microorganisms in soil, occurrence of toxic metals in soil. The plants grown in such soil can uptake harmful components and pass these through various physiological pathways within the food chain. These soil contaminations ultimately affect the whole vegetation of an area and finally will pollute our future. The present chapter summarizes current knowledge on the effects of different soil contaminations on the development of crop plants and their channelization in food chain with effect on human health. This chapter suggests new perspectives and future challenges on the proposed topic. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020.
The Impact of Climate Change on Crop Production and Combat Strategies
(CRC Press, 2023) Akansha Singh; Esha Rami; Priti Upadhyay; Ajit K. Gangawane
Climate change is a serious concern worldwide. The global average surface temperature is increasing day by day and is expected to be increased by 2°C in the coming 50 years. More frightening is the fact that close to 50 million people worldwide may face hunger and malnutrition due to climate change impact on agriculture. Immediate action is required to sustainably use the resources for increased production and productivity in the agricultural field. Increased GHGs emissions, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (NO2), methane (CH4), are causing global warming. Developing climate-resilient crop varieties that are able to tolerate heat, drought, salinity, cold, and freeze stress through conventional and advanced crop improvement technologies will help in combating the climate change. This book chapter summarizes the GHG emission and their effect on global warming and agriculture, climate change’s impact on crop yield and nutrition. The employment of various agronomic measures and conservation agriculture for combating the climate change effect were covered. Additionally, the conventional and advanced breeding technologies for stress tolerance were also discussed. © 2023 selection and editorial matter, M. H. Fulekar and Rama Shanker Dubey; individual chapters, the contributors.