Browsing by Author "Priyanka Verma"

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Altered cord serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D signaling and placental inflammation is associated with pre-term birth
(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2020) Snehil Budhwar; Priyanka Verma; Rachna Verma; Shreshtha Gupta; Sangeeta Rai; Singh Rajender; Kiran Singh
Problem: Vitamin D is well-known for having anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Impaired maternal vitamin D status has been known to increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes like pre-term birth. The present study aims to evaluate the impact of fetal cord serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D-mediated signaling in mediating inflammatory responses in placenta during pre-term birth. Method of study: For the above purpose, cord serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D 25(OH)D were measured in term (n = 20) and pre-term (n = 20) born babies using ELISA. Vitamin D downstream signaling has also been checked in placenta (VDR, CYP27B1, cathelicidin LL37) along with expression of inflammatory markers (S100A8, HMGB1, TLR2, p-NF-kappaB) using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Pearson correlation model was used to do correlation study. Results: Compared with term born babies (59.31 ± 3.476), decline in cord serum 25(OH)D levels is observed in pre-term born babies (22.26 ± 1.083, P = <0.0001) that showed strong positive correlation with gestational age (r =.9368***) and birthweight (r =.9559***). On the other hand, vitamin D signaling markers were found to be downregulated and inflammatory markers were upregulated in placental tissue of pre-term born babies. Conclusion: Thus, our study demonstrated that insufficient cord 25(OH)D levels may disturb the homeostasis of inflammation in placenta. Altered cord serum 25(OH)D mediated anti-inflammatory signaling may be acting as trigger signals in modulating inflammatory responses in placenta and eliciting premature activation of spontaneous labor in pre-term birth. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Altered crosstalk of estradiol and progesterone with Myeloid-derived suppressor cells and Th1/Th2 cytokines in early miscarriage is associated with early breakdown of maternal-fetal tolerance
(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2019) Priyanka Verma; Rachna Verma; Rohini R. Nair; Snehil Budhwar; Anuradha Khanna; Nisha Rani Agrawal; Ruchi Sinha; Ruchi Birendra; Singh Rajender; Kiran Singh
Problem: Decline in myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and Th2 cytokines levels lead to early miscarriage (EM) but how the hormonal milieu of the body regulates MDSCs and Th1/Th2 cytokine balance is still a matter of investigation. Method of study: Peripheral blood and decidua samples were collected from 20 EM patients, and 20 healthy pregnant women opted for elective abortion. MDSCs and G-MDSCs levels were analyzed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and Th1/Th2 cytokines levels were determined in serum via flow cytometry. Estrogen (E2), Progesterone (P4), and Testosterone levels were measured via ELISA. Further, proliferation and apoptosis in decidual samples were checked via immunoblot/immunohistochemistry of estrogen receptor -α (ER-α), STAT-3/pSTAT-3, and caspase-3, respectively. Results: Our results clearly indicate that in EM patients; decline in E2 and P4 significantly correlates with decline in MDSCs, particularly with subtype granulocytic MDSCs (G-MDSCs) and skewness of the Th1/Th2 cytokines balance toward Th1 response. Downregulation of ER- α and increased caspase-3 expression in endometrium decidua signifies poor endometrial receptivity in EM. STAT-3 activation regulates proliferation, differentiation and suppressive potency of MDSCs. In decidua of EM, significantly lower expression of pSTAT-3 indicates that these processes pertaining to MDSCs are compromised. Conclusion: Altogether, this unfavorable systemic milieu may drive toward early breakdown of maternal-fetal tolerance in EM. Therefore, regulated crosstalk of E2, P4 with MDSCs and balanced Th1/Th2 cytokines is prerequisite for successful pregnancy. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Effect of Gd substitution on the dielectric and magnetic properties of BSFO-based multiferroic system
(Springer, 2020) Priyanka Verma; P.K. Roy
The polycrystalline samples of Bi0.9−xSm0.1GdxFeO3 (BSFO) perovskites system, modified with the Gd substitution (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1), were prepared using a solid-state ceramic route. In the present work, the effect of A-site double substitution (Sm and Gd) on Polomska transition before and after solid solubility limit is studied using high-temperature dielectric and conductivity measurements. The X-ray diffraction studies suggest the phase transformation from pure rhombohedral into pseudocubic up to x ≤ 0.05. The lattice parameters are observed to decrease for x ≤ 0.05. After x > 0.05, secondary phases start appearing due to attaining the solubility limit of BiFeO3. The SEM study reveals that the grains are of hexagonal shape and grain sizes are obtained in the range of ∼ 1.9–2.5 µm. The remanent magnetization has observed to increase linearly with the concentration of Gd substitution in BSFO. In the temperature range 80 to 300 °C, the Bi0.825 Sm0.1Gd0.075FeO3 sample (i.e., x = 0.075) follows Arrhenius behavior with almost single slope with significantly enhanced conductivity. This shows that double substitution has suppressed the dielectric anomalies of bismuth ferrite. © 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Estradiol correlates with the accumulation of Monocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Pre-term birth: A possible explanation of immune suppression in pre-term babies
(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2021) Snehil Budhwar; Rachna Verma; Priyanka Verma; Renu Bala; Sangeeta Rai; Kiran Singh
Synergistic interplay of immune endocrine interaction is prerequisite for an effective maternal fetal tolerance. Pre-term birth (PTB) may be a consequence of altered immune-endocrine crosstalk during third trimester resulting in early breakdown of this tolerance. Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a heterogenous population of immature immune cells are increased in pregnant women and healthy newborns, but their role in PTB still remains obscure. We now report that granulocytic MDSCs (G-MDSCs) is decreased in women delivering prematurely, suggesting their potential role in maintaining maternal fetal tolerance. Interestingly, in contrast statistically significant increase in MDSCs and monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSCs) along with positive correlation with cord serum estradiol (E2), and overexpressed ER-α in placental tissue suggested E2 mediated accumulation of M-MDSCs in PTB babies. MDSCs mediated immune suppression is accompanied with subsequent decline in total T cells and its subtypes: Th and Tc in PTB babies, which signifies their potential contribution towards the impaired immune system of PTB babies. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.
Fertilization failure and gamete health: Is there a link?
(Frontiers in Bioscience, 2017) Snehil Budhwar; Vertika Singh; Priyanka Verma; Kiran Singh
Fertilization is a hallmark event of sexual reproduction marked by the fusion of male and female gamete to form zygote. It is a highly complex, yet a robust process that is intricately regulated by various signalling molecules. A healthy fertilization is determined by the quality of zygote which is contingent on the health of egg and sperm. The relationship between infertility and gametic health can be reciprocal. On one hand gametogenesis has to be dynamic and unremitting to sustain the reproductive health, while on the other hand it has to be error free for proper embryonic development. Complex cellular interactions make gametogenesis highly vulnerable to extrinsic as well as intrinsic intrusions. Molecular disparities during these phases may result in complete fertilization failure. Present review provides an overview of the regulation of gametogenesis, determinants of healthy gamete, players at fertilization window and what may go wrong during the development of zygote to embryo leading to implantation failure. We have outlined different 'windows' of vulnerability during gametogenesis supported by evidences affecting the fertility potential of both the partners.
High Level of APOA1 in Blood and Maternal Fetal Interface Is Associated With Early Miscarriage
(SAGE Publications Inc., 2019) Priyanka Verma; Rohini R. Nair; Suchita Singh; Singh Rajender; Anuradha Khanna; Rajesh K. Jha; Kiran Singh
Early miscarriage (EM) is one of the most devastating obstetrical complications globally affecting the quality of women’s life. In the present study, we aimed to identify proteins that correlate with and could act as biomarkers for EM. We performed 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis in chorionic villi samples followed by mass spectrometry for identification of differential protein expression with EM. Proteomic studies detected a total 124 protein spots, out of which 83 spots were differentially expressed between EM and controls in chorionic villi samples. Matrix assisted laser desorbtion/ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry analysis revealed Apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1) to be the most upregulated protein in the EM group that was validated by Western blotting and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found low but not statistically significant level of APOA1 on 21st day of menstruation in comparison to the 7th day. APOA1 level was observed to be the lowest in the first trimester. Hence, this study suggests that low APOA1 expression is critical in establishing pregnancy and elevated APOA1 expression in chorionic villi correlates with EM. Similar observation in serum samples suggests its potential as a marker for the risk of EM. © The Author(s) 2018.
Hyperhomocysteinemia and low vitamin B12 are associated with the risk of early pregnancy loss: A clinical study and meta-analyses
(Elsevier Inc., 2021) Renu Bala; Rachna Verma; Priyanka Verma; Vertika Singh; Namrata Yadav; Singh Rajender; Nisha Rani Agrawal; Kiran Singh
One-carbon metabolism is crucial for the maintenance of healthy pregnancy and alterations in this pathway have been associated with various pregnancy-related complications. Therefore, the present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that the altered folic acid, vitamin B12 and homocysteine levels are associated with the risk of early pregnancy loss (EPL). Plasma folic acid, vitamin B12 and homocysteine levels were analyzed in 83 females with EPL and 70 healthy pregnant females in their first trimester. Further, meta-analyses of folic acid, vitamin B12 and homocysteine were also performed involving various eligible studies. Results from our case-control study and meta-analysis showed that folic acid deficiency is not associated with the risk of EPL. On the other hand, low vitamin B12 and hyperhomocysteinemia were individually found to be significant risk factors for EPL in the present study (P < .01, P < .05, respectively) and meta-analysis as well (P < .001, P < .05, respectively). Vitamin B12 deficiency in combination with hyperhomocysteinemia was a more serious risk factor for EPL (Odds Ratio = 4.98, P = 0.002). Therefore, we conclude that vitamin B12 deficiency and elevated homocysteine levels are independent risk factors for EPL, and of higher risk when combined. The assessment of vitamin B12 and homocysteine levels may serve as a good screening marker for EPL risk. © 2021 Elsevier Inc.
Immune-endocrine crosstalk during pregnancy
(Academic Press Inc., 2017) Rohini R. Nair; Priyanka Verma; Kiran Singh
The success of pregnancy depends mostly on a synchronized immune-endocrine crosstalk at the maternal–fetal interface. Hormones are important in terms of maintaining the suitable environment and sufficient nutrition for the developing fetus. They also play a major role during the process of parturition and lactation. Maternal immunomodulation is important for the tolerance of semiallogeneic fetus. This is achieved in concert with a variety of endocrine stimulation. Estrogen, progesterone, and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin play a major role in immune modulation during pregnancy. Hormones modulate B cells, dendritic cells, uterine natural killer cells, macrophages, neutrophils to adopt fetal friendly immune phenotypes. Recently the use of hormones in assisted reproductive technology has been found to improve the pregnancy outcome. The present review focuses on the pregnancy-related hormones, their role in immunomodulation for successful pregnancy outcome. This also shed light on the immune-endocrine crosstalk at maternal–fetal interface during pregnancy. © 2016 Elsevier Inc.
Impact of socio-demographic variables on antenatal services in eastern Uttar Pradesh, India
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2021) Renu Bala; Ajay Singh; Vertika Singh; Priyanka Verma; Snehil Budhwar; Om Prakash Shukla; Gyan Prakash Singh; Kiran Singh
We investigated the impact of socio-demographic variables on antenatal care (ANC) utilization and the low birth weight of a child. Data were collected from 300 pregnant females. Only 22.5% of females received full antenatal care (≥4 visits). Our results showed that female’s age at marriage and education plays a significant role in improving ANC. We observed an overall decrease in the utilization of services provided during each antenatal visit. ANC visits from the first trimester decrease the risk of having a baby with low birth weight. Awareness programs and educating families about pregnancy care are recommended to improve ANC utilization. © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Interleukin-17 gene polymorphisms and the risk of early miscarriage: A case-control study and meta-analysis
(Elsevier B.V., 2018) Priyanka Verma; Rohini R. Nair; Snehil Budhwar; Vertika Singh; Renu Bala; Anuradha Khanna; Nisha R. Agarwal; Punam Rai; Singh Rajender; Kiran Singh
Previous reports clearly suggest that IL-17 have important role in development of systemic and peripheral inflammation in early miscarriage (EM). In the present study, we have investigated the association between genetic variants in IL-17A, IL-17F and susceptibility to EM. We recruited 135 EM patients and 150 controls and used PCR-RFLP method for genotyping the polymorphisms of IL-17A, rs4711998 (−832 A/G), rs8193036 (−692C/T) and IL-17F rs763780 (7488 T/C). No significant difference was observed for all the three polymorphic sites between the EM patients and control group in terms of genotypic (rs4711998, χ2 = 1.95, p = 0.37; rs8193036, χ2 = 1.91, p = 0.38; rs763780, χ2 = 2.45, p = 0.29), and allelic frequencies (rs4711998, OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 0.84 to 1.67, p = 0.35; rs8193036,OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 0.58 to 2.06, p = 0.75; rs763780, OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 0.93 to 2.71, p = 0.11). Further, meta-analysis of IL-17F (rs763780) variant with EM also revealed non-significant association of IL-17F (rs763780) variant with EM in the presence of mutant genotype (CC) via random effect model (p = 0.70, OR = 1.30, 95% CI =0.33–5.11). © 2018
Risk factors for chronic and chronic-relapsing tinea corporis, tinea cruris and tinea faciei: Results of a case-control study
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2019) Sanjay Singh; Priyanka Verma; Usha Chandra; Narendra Kumar Tiwary
[No abstract available]
S100 proteins: An emerging cynosure in pregnancy & adverse reproductive outcome
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2018) Rachna Verma; Priyanka Verma; Snehil Budhwar; Kiran Singh
S100 proteins are calcium (Ca 2+ )-binding proteins and these have an important function in progression, manifestation and therapeutic aspects of various inflammatory, metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. Based on their involvement in intracellular or extracellular regulatory effects, S100 proteins are classified into three subgroups: one subgroup is specialized in exerting only intracellular effects, other performs both intracellular and extracellular functions and the third subgroup members only display extracellular regulatory effects. S100 proteins are expressed particularly in vertebrates and have cell-specific expression. Functionally, S100 proteins act through their surface receptors and regulate cell functions in autocrine or paracrine mode. Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGEs) and toll-like receptor 4 are the main surface receptors. S100 proteins participate in the regulation of cellular differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and inflammation along with Ca 2+ homeostasis, energy metabolism and cellular migration, and perform the respective functions through their interaction with transcription factors, nucleic acids, enzymes, receptors, cytoskeleton system, etc. Currently, their role in adverse pregnancy outcomes and compromised reproductive health is being explored. These proteins are present in amniotic fluid, endometrium tissue and foetal brain; therefore, it is quite likely that alterations in the expression levels of S100 family members will be affecting the particular function they are involved in and ultimately affecting the pregnancy in adverse manner. The current review discusses about an association of S100 proteins in pregnancy disorders such as endometriosis, intrauterine growth retardation and miscarriage. © 2019 Indian Journal of Medical Research.
The Yin and Yang of myeloid derived suppressor cells
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2018) Snehil Budhwar; Priyanka Verma; Rachna Verma; Sangeeta Rai; Kiran Singh
In recent years, most of our knowledge about myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) has come from cancer studies, which depicts Yin side of MDSCs. In cancer, inherent immunosuppressive action of MDSCs favors tumor progression by inhibiting antitumor immune response. However, recently Yang side of MDSCs has also been worked out and suggests the role in maintenance of homeostasis during non-cancer situations like pregnancy, obesity, diabetes, and autoimmune disorders. Continued work in this area has armored the biological importance of these cells as master regulators of immune system and prompted scientists all over the world to look from a different perspective. Therefore, explicating Yin and Yang arms of MDSCs is obligatory to use it as a double edged sword in a much smarter way. This review is an attempt toward presenting a synergistic coalition of all the facts and controversies that exist in understanding MDSCs, bring them on the same platform and approach their "Yin and Yang" nature in a more comprehensive and coherent manner. © 2007 - 2018 Frontiers Media S.A.
XRCC1 deficiency correlates with increased DNA damage and male infertility
(Elsevier B.V., 2019) Vertika Singh; Sujit Kumar Mohanty; Priyanka Verma; Arijit Chakraborty; Sameer Trivedi; Singh Rajender; Kiran Singh
High fidelity DNA repair is critical to sustain the genomic integrity and quality of developing germ cells. Deficiencies in DNA repair machinery may result in increased DNA damage in germ cell leading to abnormal spermatogenesis and infertility. X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) is a testis enriched protein that plays a crucial role in the DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway. The aim of this study was to analyze the level of XRCC1 transcript and protein in infertile men and its association with DNA damage in sperm. A total of eighty infertile patients with different infertile phenotypes (Azoospermia, n = 30; Severe oligozoospermia, n = 25; Severe oligoasthenozoospermia, n = 25) and age-matched controls (normal spermatogenesis [NS], n = 15 and fertile controls, n = 10) were recruited. γ-H2 AX protein levels were analyzed to estimate the DNA damage in sperm. XRCC1 transcript levels in cases and controls were determined by qRT-PCR. XRCC1 and γ-H2 AX proteins were immunohistochemically analyzed in testicular biopsy sections obtained from NOA patients and OA controls. The determination of XRCC1 and γ-H2 AX protein levels was performed with Western blots. The results revealed reduced expression of XRCC1 mRNA and protein in infertile individuals as compared to controls (p < 0.001). γ-H2 AX levels were significantly increased in infertile cases as compared to controls, indicating increased DNA damage in infertile men. The results indicate decreased expression of the XRCC1 gene in infertile patients which may be one of the factors associated with impaired spermatogenesis and infertility. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.