Browsing by Author "Puneet Pathak"

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An efficient endoglucanase and lipase enzyme consortium (ELEC) for deinking of old newspaper and ultrastructural analysis of deinked pulp
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Mandeep Dixit; Guddu Kumar Gupta; Puneet Pathak; Nishi K. Bhardwaj; Pratyoosh Shukla
The pulp and paper industry is looking for eco-friendly solutions in the field of enzymatic deinking for ink removal from recycled paper or pulp. In the present study, the endoglucanase and lipase enzymes obtained from Thermomyces lanuginosus VAPS25 were used for enzymatic deinking of old newspapers. The synergistic action of enzyme consortium on deinking efficiency was measured for the eco-friendly deinking process. The data indicated that the endoglucanase and lipase enzyme consortium (ELEC) was more effective than the individual enzyme. The deinking efficiency of 38.6% and 42.7% ISO sheet brightness of newspaper was obtained using enzyme consortium. The hand-sheet strength properties were also evidently improved. Breaking length, tensile strength, and tear index were enhanced by 10.2%, 27.6%, and 8.1%, respectively. The ultrastructural analysis of the handmade sheets provided insights into enzymes’ action on pulp and paper. The enzymatically deinked pulp and paper, analyzed with the assistance of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) study, showed noteworthy transformation in chemical and surface structures. Using such an efficient enzyme consortium (ELEC) for deinking will help develop an eco-friendly process for waste paper recycling and its use in sustainable development of paper industry. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
An efficient endoglucanase and lipase enzyme consortium (ELEC) for deinking of old newspaper and ultrastructural analysis of deinked pulp
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025) Mandeep Dixit; Guddu Kumar Gupta; Puneet Pathak; Nishi K. Bhardwaj; Pratyoosh Shukla
The pulp and paper industry is looking for eco-friendly solutions in the field of enzymatic deinking for ink removal from recycled paper or pulp. In the present study, the endoglucanase and lipase enzymes obtained from Thermomyces lanuginosus VAPS25 were used for enzymatic deinking of old newspapers. The synergistic action of enzyme consortium on deinking efficiency was measured for the eco-friendly deinking process. The data indicated that the endoglucanase and lipase enzyme consortium (ELEC) was more effective than the individual enzyme. The deinking efficiency of 38.6% and 42.7% ISO sheet brightness of newspaper was obtained using enzyme consortium. The hand-sheet strength properties were also evidently improved. Breaking length, tensile strength, and tear index were enhanced by 10.2%, 27.6%, and 8.1%, respectively. The ultrastructural analysis of the handmade sheets provided insights into enzymes’ action on pulp and paper. The enzymatically deinked pulp and paper, analyzed with the assistance of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) study, showed noteworthy transformation in chemical and surface structures. Using such an efficient enzyme consortium (ELEC) for deinking will help develop an eco-friendly process for waste paper recycling and its use in sustainable development of paper industry. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022.
Improved deinking and biobleaching efficiency of enzyme consortium from Thermomyces lanuginosus VAPS25 using genetic Algorithm-Artificial neural network based tools
(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Mandeep Dixit; Guddu Kumar Gupta; Monika Yadav; Deepak Chhabra; Rajeev Kumar Kapoor; Puneet Pathak; Nishi K. Bhardwaj; Pratyoosh Shukla
The present study reports the combined enzymatic production efficiency of thermophilic fungus Thermomyces lanuginosus VAPS25 using a combinatory artificial intelligence-based tool, resulting in 2.7 IU/ml, 5.2 IU/ml, and 18.85 U/ml activity of endoglucanase, amylase, and lipase, respectively with good thermostability at 90 °C (pH 8–10). Interestingly, the metal ions viz. Cu2+ and Mg2+ increased the endoglucanase activity to 5 folds, i.e.,5.6 IU/ml compared to control. Further, the amylase and lipase activity was also enhanced by Fe2+ and Co2+ to 5.4 IU/ml and 19.57 U/ml, respectively. Additionally, the deinking efficiency was improved by 68.9%, 42.7%, and 52.8% by endoglucanase, amylase, and lipase, respectively, while the consortium increased the deinking efficiency to 72.7%. The bio-bleached paper strength parameters such as burst index, breaking length, tear index, and tensile index of sheets were significantly improved by 1.38%, 13.54%, 7.54%, and 20.88%, respectively. These enzymes at an industrial scale would help develop an economical paper recycling process. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
Traditional Knowledge in Drug Development and the Rights of Indigenous Peoples: A Legal and Ethical Perspective
(Ashdin Publishing, 2024) Roshan Lal; Babita Baeraiya; Rashmi Thakur; Rakesh Kumar Gautam; Saurav Narayan; Deepesh Yadav; Puneet Pathak; Sukanya Singha
This paper delves into the intersection of traditional knowledge and drug development, highlighting the critical contributions of indigenous wisdom to pharmaceutical advancements while examining the associated legal and ethical challenges. Traditional knowledge, encompassing centuries of indigenous expertise in medicinal plants and natural remedies, has been instrumental in the discovery of significant drugs, such as aspirin derived from willow bark. Despite the growing global interest in natural products and traditional medicine, indigenous communities face significant challenges in protecting their knowledge and securing their rights against exploitation and biopiracy. The paper critically evaluates the inadequacies of existing Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) frameworks in safeguarding traditional knowledge, addressing the complexities inherent in applying patent laws to such knowledge. It explores relevant international treaties, such as the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing (ABS), which aim to regulate access and ensure fair compensation for indigenous communities. Furthermore, it examines national legal frameworks in countries like India, Brazil, and Peru, assessing their effectiveness in promoting fair benefit-sharing and protecting indigenous rights. In addition, the paper addresses ethical and legal challenges related to biopiracy and the necessity of obtaining Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) from indigenous communities. Through detailed case studies, it highlights both successful and unsuccessful efforts to integrate traditional knowledge into drug development, offering valuable lessons and best practices. The paper concludes with policy recommendations aimed at reforming IPR laws, enhancing international and national mechanisms, and promoting equitable benefit-sharing to ensure that traditional knowledge is utilized responsibly, fairly, and sustainably. © 2024 Roshan Lal, et al.