Browsing by Author "Ragini Sharma"

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Crop Nitrogen Stress Identification at Different Phenological Stages for Sorghum Using a Regional Crop Yield Estimation System (RCYES)
(Apple Academic Press, 2024) Ganesh B. Gohain; R.S. Singh; Anil Kumar Singh; Abhishek Singh; Ragini Sharma; Vishnu D. Rajput; Karen Ghazaryan
During the growth period of a crop, estimating the crop yield and other crop stresses like water and nitrogen helps the farmers, planners, policymakers, and researchers in making decisions on effective maintenance and utilization of resource input distribution, and regulation on import and export. Crop stress identification during the crop growth at different stages helps categorize potential zones and variation in production as a result of managing crops, agronomic, and climatic features. The crop’s nitrogen requirement is a crucial factor in determining the season’s crop production. It is an essential element for plant growth and development. The most important agricultural phases that can reduce production of the crop are the Leaf growing, Anthesis, and grain filling phases. Many approaches are adopted to identify crop nitrogen stress. Various users use CSM (crop simulation model) decision support system (DSS) for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) software for their study. The CERES-Sorghum CSM embedded in the DSSAT software is used to estimate crop nitrogen stress during our research. We used the developed RCYES (regional crop yield estimation system) created using Python to prepare an experimental file and simulate yield and crop nitrogen stress at the spatial resolution of 25 km in the districts of Maharashtra, India for Sorghum crop. The RCYES system has different modules. It simulates the crop model, extracts the required information, and efficiently prepares files, graphs, and maps without much human intervention. © 2025 by Apple Academic Press, Inc.
Green Synthesis of Nanofertilizers and Their Application for Crop Production
(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2024) Abhishek Singh; Ragini Sharma; Vishnu D. Rajput; Karen Ghazaryan; Tatiana Minkina; Abdel Rahman Mohammad Al Tawaha; Ashi Varshney
The unique characteristics and broad range of nanotechnology’s potential uses have garnered considerable attention. Nanotechnology is a novel method for boosting agricultural output without compromising on quality while also being safe for the environment, useful to living organisms, and affordable. Eco-friendly technologies are gaining prominence as viable alternatives to conventional agricultural inputs like fertilizers and insecticides. The limitations of traditional farming methods can be addressed with the use of nanotechnology. Hence, the most recent research on using nanoparticles (NPs) in farming should be prioritized. This study offered a fresh viewpoint on the biological development of NPs, their uses in agriculture as nanofertilizers and nanopesticides, and how they can improve the performance of biofactors. We also provide recent research on the interactions of NPs with plants, the hazards and fate of nanomaterials in plants, and the role of NPs in the mitigation of stress brought on by abiotic factors and heavy metal toxicity. To reduce the environmental harm caused by conventional, inorganic fertilizers, nanofertilizer application is crucial. Because of their heightened responsiveness and capacity to pierce the epidermis, nanofertilizers can reduce nutrient surplus while increasing nutrient usage efficiency. The importance of NPs in mitigating abiotic stress and heavy metal toxicity was also established. Some research has shown that NPs can be hazardous to higher plants by depositing themselves on the cell surface or in organelles, hence generating signs of oxidative stress. It is crucial to comprehend the advantages and disadvantages of using nanofertilizers as an alternative to conventional fertilizers, as we have done in this book chapter. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
Microbial Manganese Peroxidase: Ligninolytic Enzymes for Bioremediation
(Springer Nature, 2024) Abhishek Singh; Ragini Sharma; Vishnu D. Rajput; Karen Ghazaryan; Tatiana Minkina; Abdel Rahman Mohammad Said Al-Tawaha; Shreni Agrawal; Ashi Varshney; Abdel Razzaq Al-Tawaha; Arun Karnwal
The industrial applications of ligninolytic enzymes of microbes such as lignin peroxidase, laccase, and manganese peroxidase have increased in popularity. In the microbial ligninolytic system, manganese peroxidases play a significant role. Oxalic acid and other fungal chelators help convert the Mn (II) ions from soil and wood into Mn3+ form which is more reactive. The phenolic lignin is broken down and free radicals are produced, but Mn3+, a less molecular weight molecule, functions as a diffusible redox intermediary. The alcohol, biofuel, food, cosmetic, agricultural, and textile industries are just a few of the many that could benefit from this technology. The mechanisms for catalytic reactions, biotechnological technological applications, and sources are the primary focuses of this review. Manganese peroxidases, however, can degrade a wide variety of xenobiotic compounds and generate polymeric products that can be used as effective bioremediation instruments. Microorganisms called MnPs can break down lignin into sugars that can then be used to produce biofuels. This chapter focuses mainly on the contemporary state and recent advancements pertaining to the manganese peroxidase enzyme. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.
Revolutionizing Crop Production: Nanoscale Wonders-Current Applications, Advances, and Future Frontiers
(National Information and Documentation Centre, 2024) Abhishek Singh; Vishnu D. Rajput; Ashi Varshney; Ragini Sharma; Karen Ghazaryan; Tatiana Minkina; Athanasios Alexiou; Hassan El-Ramady
REVIEWING Agri-nanotechnology from the perspective of nanoparticles and crops will help us better understand the interactions between nanoparticles and crops, such as uptake, mobilization, and accumulation. In recent years, a great deal has been accomplished in nanotechnology in biomedical sciences, revolutionizing therapeutic and diagnostic techniques. Despite that, additional research is introducing the NPs on plant development and agroecosystems for smart nontechnological approaches for crop enhancement. Here, we have swiftly introduced NPs used in plant science and described the methods of application uptake, mobilization, and biological effects of NPs on crops. Intending to invigorate plant safety or promote plant progression and development that affected crop production. This review examines the essential present applications of NPs in agriculture while also exploring the potential application of NPs in a regulatory manner, which could open novel and harmless possibilities for the intelligent delivery of biomolecules and for novel tactics in crop nutrient management, crop genetic engineering, and battling against abiotic stresses in climate change era. © 2024 National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC).