Browsing by Author "Rajendra Awasthı"

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Drug Delivery and Biomedical Applications of Porous Silicon-Based Nanocarriers
(Elsevier, 2025) Rajendra Awasthı; Santosh Kumar Singh; Anurag Kumar Singh
Drug Delivery and Biomedical Applications of Porous Silicon-Based Nanocarriers delivers an up-to-date and complete overview of the range of biomedical applications for porous silicon nanomaterials, with a special emphasis on drug delivery. This book introduces the fundamentals and beneficial properties of porous silicon, including thermal properties and stabilization, photochemical and nonthermal chemical modification, protein modification, and biocompatibility. The book then builds on the systematic detailing of each biomedical application using porous silicon, such as vaccine development, drug delivery, and tissue engineering. It also contains new insights on in-vivo assessment of porous silicon, photodynamic and photothermal therapy, micro- and nanoneedles, cancer immunotherapy, and more. Drug Delivery and Biomedical Applications of Porous Silicon-Based Nanocarriers is of interest to researchers in the fields of materials science, nanotechnology, pharmaceutical science, biomedical engineering, and cancer research. © 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.
Historical advancements in targeted nanoscale drug delivery systems
(Elsevier, 2025) Snigdha Singh; Pankaj Kalia; Raj N. Kumar; Swati Pundir; Vivek K. Chaturvedi; Anurag Kumar Singh; Rajendra Awasthı; Santosh Kumar Singh; Amit Kumar Singh
This inclusive examination of the evolution of nanoscale drug delivery systems (DDSs) elucidates the profound impact these technologies have exerted on modern medicine. From the seminal development of liposomal encapsulation in the 1960s to contemporary advancements in polymeric micelles, dendrimer-based carriers, and CRISPR–Cas9 delivery vectors, the progression of nanotechnology has markedly enhanced therapeutic precision and efficacy. Notable innovations, particularly in oncological applications, include the deployment of polyethylene glycol conjugation and stimuli-responsive nanocarriers, which have substantially improved the stability, pharmacokinetic profiles, and targeted delivery of therapeutic agents. Nonetheless, several challenges persist, including the scale-up of manufacturing processes, batch-to-batch reproducibility, and biocompatibility and toxicity concerns. The incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) into nanoparticle design and optimization offers a promising avenue for overcoming these obstacles. AI and ML methodologies have the potential to expedite the discovery of novel nanocarriers formulations, predict biological interactions with high accuracy, and streamline the development pipeline. As these technologies evolve, they may facilitate ground breaking advancements in the treatment of complex diseases such as malignancies, genetic disorders, and chronic conditions. The future landscape of nanomedicine is poised to offer increasingly personalized, efficacious, and safe therapeutic options, with emerging innovations such as nanorobots and biodegradable nanomaterials anticipated to revolutionize therapeutic paradigms. Continued research into the biodegradability and biocompatibility of nanomaterials is expected to address current limitations, ensuring that these advanced DDSs are both effective and safe for clinical applications. The advent of “smart” nanocarriers capable of real-time monitoring and adaptive responses to physiological fluctuations could further enhance therapeutic precision and patient outcomes. The ongoing evolution of nanoscale DDSs is poised to drive significant advancements in precision medicine, transforming disease management strategies and heralding a new era of therapeutic possibilities. © 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Porous silicon nanocarriers for the management of neurodegenerative disorders
(Elsevier, 2025) Devinder Kumar; Raj N. Kumar; Sunil Dutt; Pankaj Kalia; Snigdha Singh; Anand Prakash Maurya; Anurag Kumar Singh; Rajendra Awasthı; Santosh Kumar Singh
Porous silicon (PSi) nanocarriers are gaining a lot of attention in nanomedicine for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Aside from their complicated pathophysiology, NDs, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's, present unique challenges due to the difficulty for therapeutic agents to cross the blood–brain barrier. Since PSi nanocarriers have tunable porosity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, they enable the effective loading and controlled release of a variety of therapeutic agents. Due to its porous structure and large surface area, peptides, nucleic acids, and small molecules are encapsulated in PSi, improving the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of the drugs. As recent findings show, it is now possible to make pSi nanoparticles to deliver neuroprotective agents directly to targeted neuronal cells, improving treatment outcomes. Delivery of therapeutics to specific brain regions can be enabled by functionalizing PSi with specific ligands or antibodies, improving its targeting capabilities. In addition, since conventional treatments often require high dosages and frequent administration, the ability of PSi nanocarriers to support sustained drug release can significantly reduce side effects. With PSi's controlled release profile, therapeutic drug levels can be maintained in the bloodstream for extended periods, improving patient compliance and overall treatment effectiveness. Pharmaceutical administration is not the only use for PSi nanocarriers; they have also shown promise in diagnostic applications, allowing simultaneous imaging and monitoring of treatment effects. Due to its dual purpose, PSi positions itself as a flexible platform for theranostic applications in of neurological diseases. Despite encouraging developments, there are still difficulties in the clinical implementation of PSi-based therapies. Research is presently being carried out on their synthesis and surface modification to improve the stability and mitigate the potential toxicity of pSi nanoparticles. To enable their integration into clinical practice, issues related to large-scale manufacturing and regulatory approval processes must also be resolved. © 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.