Browsing by Author "Rajesh Vikkurthi"

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Is curcumin bioavailability a problem in humans: lessons from clinical trials
(Taylor and Francis Ltd, 2019) Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara; Choudhary Harsha; Kishore Banik; Rajesh Vikkurthi; Bethsebie L. Sailo; Devivasha Bordoloi; Subash C. Gupta; Bharat B. Aggarwal
Introduction: Since ancient times, turmeric has been used in several folklore remedies against various ailments. The principal component of turmeric is curcumin and its efficacy has been advocated in various in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies for different chronic diseases. However, some studies suggest that curcumin bioavailability is a major problem. Areas covered: This article discusses over 200 clinical studies with curcumin that have demonstrated the pronounced protective role of this compound against cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory diseases, metabolic diseases, neurological diseases, skin diseases, liver diseases, various types of cancer, etc. The review also describes the combination of curcumin with many natural and synthetic compounds as well as various formulations of curcumin that have shown efficacy in multiple clinical studies. Expert opinion: The therapeutic potential of curcumin, as demonstrated by clinical trials has overpowered the myth that poor bioavailability of curcumin poses a problem. Low curcumin bioavailability in certain studies has been addressed by using higher concentrations of curcumin within nontoxic limits. Moreover, curcumin, in combination with other compounds or as formulations, has shown enhanced bioavailability. Hence, bioavailability is not a problem in the curcumin-mediated treatment of chronic diseases. Therefore, this golden nutraceutical presents a safe, low-cost and effective treatment modality for different chronic diseases. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Phytochemicals in cancer cell chemosensitization: Current knowledge and future perspectives
(Academic Press, 2022) Elina Khatoon; Kishore Banik; Choudhary Harsha; Bethsebie Lalduhsaki Sailo; Krishan Kumar Thakur; Amrita Devi Khwairakpam; Rajesh Vikkurthi; Thengujam Babita Devi; Subash C. Gupta; Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
Despite significant advancements made in the treatment of cancer during the past several decades, it remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide killing approximately 9.6 million people annually. The major challenge for therapeutic success is the development of chemoresistance in cancer cells against conventional chemotherapeutic agents via modulation of numerous survival and oncogenic signaling pathways. Therefore, sensitization of cancer cells to conventional drugs using multitargeted agents that suppress the survival and oncogenic pathways, in single or in combination, is an emerging strategy to overcome drug-resistance. During the last couple of decades, phytochemicals such as curcumin, resveratrol, tocotrienol and quercetin have emerged as potential chemosensitizing agents in cancer cells due to their less toxic and multitargeted properties. Numerous preclinical and clinical studies enumerated their potential to prevent drug resistance and sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents by modulating several genes/proteins or pathways that regulate the key factors during the growth and progression of tumors such as inhibition of anti-apoptotic proteins, activation of pro-apoptotic proteins, reduced expression of different transcription factors, chemokines, enzymes, cell adhesion molecules, protein tyrosine kinases and cell cycle regulators. Therefore, natural chemosensitizing agents will have a special place in cancer treatment in the near future. This comprehensive review summarizes data obtained from various in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies to provide a new perspective for the application of agents obtained from “Mother Nature” as potential chemosensitizers for further cancer drug research and development. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd