Browsing by Author "Rajkumari Sanayaima Devi"

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Phytoremediation of organic pollutants: Current status and future directions
(Elsevier, 2019) Sachchidanand Tripathi; Vipin Kumar Singh; Pratap Srivastava; Rishikesh Singh; Rajkumari Sanayaima Devi; Arun Kumar; Rahul Bhadouria
Phytoremediation is the technology based on plants for extraction, sequestration, and/or degradation of environmental contaminants. The process of phytoremediation is a green and nondestructive suitable alternative to widely practiced physicochemical approaches. Plant-based contaminant removal could be directly inside the plant or outside the plant body (explanta). The process of phytoremediation involves different biochemical and physiological mechanisms facilitated by absorption, accumulation, sequestration, transport, and degradation. Furthermore, plants are equipped with the property of metabolizing hazardous organic contaminants into nontoxic or comparatively less toxic forms. Numbers of organic contaminants including polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and halogenated hydrocarbons have been targeted for effective remediation by utilization of diverse plant groups. Currently, many experimental investigations have been conducted to develop genetically modified plants and endophytic bacterial strains harboring genes of interest displaying efficient contaminant degradation ability. Although the phytoremediation strategy for cleaning the organic contaminant seems promising with reference to the process cost, assessment, maintenance of soil biological activity, and carbon capture efficiency, the field-scale application has limited success because of changing environmental conditions, slow growth rate, and adaptability under given natural environment. Some of the limitations associated with phytoremediation could be managed through genetic engineering approaches; however, regulatory issues regarding their release under field conditions and very low public acceptance make the process unsuccessful at field scale. Essentially, extensive laboratory investigations are still needed to deploy the phytoremediation strategies for effective contaminant removal. The successful utilization of recombinant DNA technology together with the existing information on plant physiology, rhizosphere microbiology, and root exudates chemistry could be instrumental in gaining deep insights into the process of environmental contaminant removal. © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Seed priming: state of the art and new perspectives in the era of climate change
(Elsevier, 2020) Vipin Kumar Singh; Rishikesh Singh; Sachchidanand Tripathi; Rajkumari Sanayaima Devi; Pratap Srivastava; Pardeep Singh; Arun Kumar; Rahul Bhadouria
The changing climatic and weather conditions have affected the global food supply, especially cereal crops. Worldwide agricultural production is considerably affected by climate change and pressure induced by the ever-increasing human population and their food demand. The production in agriculture is also affected by the insufficient availability of quality seeds and affordable cost for farmers. Interestingly, genetically engineered stress-tolerant genotypes could play an important role in improving ever-increasing food demand under changing climatic conditions. Generally, plant genetic resources are used for the development of genetically engineered stress-tolerant diverse varieties. New and improved varieties of crops with a wider range of adaptation under changing climatic conditions may be a good move toward combating food scarcity for the increasing population and climate change. Seed industry and seed priming (treatment) have played a vital role in increasing agricultural productivity. The adverse effects of climate change on seed productivity and agriculture industry can be minimized by improved genotype, breeding, genetic diversity, seed priming (treatment), seed certification, seed marketing, etc. There is an urgent need to enhance seed productivity and search for suitable geographic regions for enhancing quality seed production. For the certification of seed, international procedures must be adopted for all the geographical areas of the world. This will also help in ease in the availability of quality seeds to farmers and public participation in plant breeding for the seed industry. Seed biopriming is one of the vital technologies in the management of biotic as well as abiotic stresses and guarantees uniform stand establishment under a stressed environment. Therefore research programs encompassing the identification of quality plant genetic resources, genetic manipulations of novel biocontrol agents (fungal and bacterial strains), and other beneficial applications need to be devised. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.