Browsing by Author "Ram Pyare"

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Effect of irrigation schedule and herbicides application on growth and productivity of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in semi-arid environment
(Indian Society of Agronomy, 2022) K. Lakra; Ram Pyare; Puneet Kumar Singh; Sunil Kumar Verma; Rajiv Kumar Singh; Pravin Kumar Upadhyay; Vishal Tyagi
A field experiment was conducted during the winter (rabi) season of 2017–18 and 2018–19 at Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, to study the influence of irrigation scheduling and weed-management practices on growth and productivity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with 4 irrigation scheduling in main plot and 8 weed-management practices in subplots. Results revealed that, application of 5 irrigations at crown root initiation (CRI) + jointing + boot-ing+ flowering + milking stage resulted in the maximum plant height (79.9 cm at harvest), crop dry-matter accumulation (385.1 g/running m at harvest), number of leaves [230/running m at 80 days after sowing (DAS)], leaf area index (2.60 at 60 DAS), crop growth rate (4.09 g/m2 /day between 40-80 DAS), relative growth rate (2.66 g/g/day between 40-80 DAS), net assimilation rate (0.59 g/cm2 /day between 40-80 DAS) and the biological yield (6,899 kg/ha) over irrigation at CRI and active tillering stage and irrigation at CRI + jointing + booting, and it was statisti-cally at par with irrigation at CRI + active tillering + booting + flowering stage. Among herbicidal treatments, significantly maximum value of crop-growth parameters and biological yield (7007 kg/ha) was recorded with the application of carfentrazone ethyl 20% + sulfosulfuron 25% WG @ 100 g a.i./ha at 35 days after sowing (DAS) followed by clodinafop-propargyl 15% + metsulfuron methyl 1% @ 400 g a.i./ha 35 DAS compared to the other herbicidal treatments. But hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS showed superiority to herbicidal treatments during both the years. © 2022, Indian Society of Agronomy. All rights reserved.
Enhanced bioactivity, biocompatibility and mechanical behavior of strontium substituted bioactive glasses
(Elsevier Ltd, 2016) Sampath Kumar Arepalli; Himanshu Tripathi; Sumit Kumar Hira; Partha Pratim Manna; Ram Pyare; S.P.Singh
Strontium contained biomaterials have been reported as a potential bioactive material for bone regeneration, as it reduces bone resorption and stimulates bone formation. In the present investigation, the bioactive glasses were designed to partially substitute SrO for SiO2 in Na2O–CaO–SrO–P2O5–SiO2 system. This work demonstrates that the substitution of SrO for SiO2 has got significant benefit than substitution for CaO in the bioactive glass. Bioactivity was assessed by the immersion of the samples in simulated body fluid for different intervals. The formation of hydroxy carbonate apatite layer was identified by X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The elastic modulus of the bioactive glasses was measured and found to increase with increasing SrO for SiO2. The blood compatibility of the samples was evaluated. In vitro cell culture studies of the samples were performed using human osteosarcoma U2-OS cell lines and found a significant improvement in cell viability and proliferation. The investigation showed enhancement in bioactivity, mechanical and biological properties of the strontia substituted for silica in glasses. Thus, these bioactive glasses would be highly potential for bone regeneration. © 2016
Enhanced in vivo biocompatibility of magnesia-contained bioactive glasses
(Springer International Publishing, 2019) Sampath Kumar Arepalli; Himanshu Tripathi; Partha Pratim Manna; Paliwal Pankaj; Sairam Krishnamurthy; Shashikant C. U. Patne; Ram Pyare; S.P. Singh
Human blood compatibility of previously prepared magnesia-doped bioactive glass samples was evaluated by hemolysis assay. The in vivo evaluation was carried out using a rat model in which a hole was made in the rat femur bone by drilling and the bioactive glass samples were implanted in the cavity. Histological examination had demonstrated the better bone regeneration and blood vessel formation as compared to the reference one. The in vivo complete blood count (CBC) was also analyzed at different time periods. The in vivo results of magnesium-containing bioactive glasses had shown improved bioactivity as well as better biocompatibility. © 2018, Australian Ceramic Society.
Mechanical and biological response of (CeO2+La2O3)-substituted 45S5 bioactive glasses for biomedical application
(Springer, 2020) Md Ershad; Akher Ali; Niraj Singh Mehta; Rajesh Kumar Singh; Santosh Kumar Singh; Ram Pyare
In the present study, bioactive glasses of specific compositional formula (45-X) SiO2, 24.5 Na2O, 24.5 CaO, and 6 P2O5 (wt%) were made by substitute of X = (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0) equal wt% of CeO2 and La2O3. The mixed homogeneous glass powder melted in a platinum crucible at the furnace temperature of 1400 ± 5 °C with air as a furnace environment. Synthesized novel Bioglass® was further characterized for in vitro bioactivity and physicomechanical properties. Microstructures of developed glass samples were evaluated by SEM. Bioactivity of glass samples was assessed in simulated body fluid (SBF) for different time intervals and it was evaluated using XRD, FTIR, and SEM. Furthermore, the substitution of CeO2 and La2O3 in the base glass enhances its cytocompatibility and cell supportive properties. Also, microhardness and flexural strength of base Bioglass® was enhanced with the incorporation of CeO2 and La2O3 and resulted in increasing density of doped glass. Thus, the developed CeO2 and La2O3-incorporated bioactive glasses with superior mechanical properties have higher density and superior mechanical properties which make these bioactive glasses a suitable candidate for bone implant application. © 2020, Australian Ceramic Society.
Mechanical behaviour, in-vitro analysis, hemocompatibility and study of human osteosarcoma cell line proliferation of TiO2 substituted 1393-B3 borate glass
(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Akanksha Singh; Pooja Goswami; Biplob Koch; Preetam Singh; Ram Pyare
This investigation aimed to study the effects of adding TiO2 on many aspects of 1393-B3 glasses, including their physio-chemical, mechanical parameters, crystallization behaviour, in-vitro bioactivity, hemocompatibility, and cellular viability. Here, we replaced 1393 glass silica with boric oxide to determine a more effective alternative. 1393-B3 bioactive glasses having the general weight % composition (53-X) B2O3, 6 Na2O, 5 MgO, 20 CaO, 12 K2O, 4 P2O5, X TiO2 (where X = 0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 %) were prepared using solid-state melt quenching method in platinum crucible at 1100 °C for 2 h in an electric furnace with air as furnace atmosphere. This research aimed to investigate the complete substitution of 1393 glass silica with boric oxide in order to get a reduced melting temperature forming 1393-B3. The objective was to develop a more energy-efficient and economical bioactive glass. Thermal analysis of the samples was obtained up to 700 °C. To evaluate the in-vitro bioactivity, the samples were immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF). These materials undergo XRD, FTIR, and SEM/EDAX analysis both before and after soaking in SBF. These characterization results show the presence of a hydroxyapatite (HA) layer forming on the samples of the bioactive glass surface. The haemolysis process performed on human blood shows its haemocompatibility result. To test these results for the human body. We performed cell proliferation and cell compatibility on the MG-63 cell line to see its effect on osteosarcoma patients. Density (2.31–2.48 gm/cm3), pH value (7.4–8.86), and mechanical parameters such as compressive strength (98–125 MPa), flexural strength (33–54), and elasticity are measured. As a result, physio-chemical, mechanical, biological properties and in-vitro bioactivity of these samples were obtained with increasing concentration of TiO2 in 1393-B3 borate bioactive glass and found to increase with increasing concentration of TiO2. © 2024
Preparation and in vitro investigation on bioactivity of magnesia-contained bioactive glasses
(Springer International Publishing, 2019) Sampath Kumar Arepalli; Himanshu Tripathi; Partha Pratim Manna; Paliwal Pankaj; Sairam Krishnamurthy; Shashikant C.U. Patne; Ram Pyare; S.P. Singh
Mg plays an important role in the human skeletal system as it stimulates the bone formation and reduces bone resorption. Magnesium has been substituted into SiO 2 –Na 2 O–CaO–P 2 O 5 bioactive glass. In the present work, the bioactive glasses were designed to enhance bioactivity. Bioactivity of these glasses was assessed by the immersion of the samples in simulated body fluid (SBF) for different time periods. The formation of hydroxy carbonate apatite (HCA) layer was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and FTIR spectrometry which had shown the HCA layer formation and growth. The formation of HCA layer was found to increase on the surface of the SBF immersed bioactive glasses with increasing magnesia contents in the glass. In vitro cell culture investigations such as viability, proliferation, and cell attachment were studied using human osteosarcoma U2-OS cell lines. The in vitro results of new magnesium containing bioactive glasses had shown improved bioactivity as well as better biocompatibility. © 2018, Australian Ceramic Society.
Preparation, in-vitro bioactivity and mechanical properties of reinforced 45S5 bioglass composite with HA-ZrO2 powders
(Oriental Scientific Publishing Company, 2017) Sunil Prasad; Vikas Kumar Vyas; Kumari Deepa Mani; Md. Ershad; Ram Pyare
Bioglass(45S5)-Hydroxyapatite(HA)-Zirconia(ZrO2) biocomposites were prepared and heat treated at 1000,1100,1200°C for 5 hour. Simulated body fluid (SBF) is used to immersed these samples for 1,3,7,14,21 days. Samples were characterized before and after immersion in simulated body fluid by using FTIR, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). FTIR were used to observed the formation of hydroxyapatite layer (HA) on the surface of these bio composite samples. The pH of the SBF were measured by using pH meter at 1,3,7,14,21 days. Different techniques were used to measured various mechanical properties and it was found to increase with increasing HA(10,20,30,40 wt%) and ZrO2 (5,10,15,20 wt%) content. © 2017, Oriental Scientific Publishing Company. All rights reserved.
Productivity and Profitability of Irrigated Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) are Influenced by Irrigation Scheduling and Weed Management Approaches
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Kairovin Lakra; Karam Husain; Ram Pyare; Sunil K. Verma; Ram Swaroop Meena; Puneet Kumar Singh; Ahmed Gaber; Akbar Hossain
In all wheat growing regions of the world, wWater constraint and weed infestation are the main biological obstacles to increased wheat productivityy. This study may assist to enhance recommendations for controlling weeds in wheat and act as a guide for Northern Indian irrigated wheat. Therefore, four irrigation levels and eight weed management practices in wheat were under-taken in a split-plot design in four replication. The treatments consisted of four irrigation timing viz., irrigation at CRI and active tillering stage (I1), irrigation at CRI + jointing + booting (I2), CRI + active tillering + booting + flowering stage (I3) and irrigation at CRI + jointing + booting + flowering + milking stage (I4) were laid out to main plots and weeding regimes viz., W1-weedy check, W2-two hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS, W3-sulfosulfuron 25% WG (75 g ha−1 at 35 DAS), W4-pendimethalin 1000 g ha−1 (pre-emergence) fb clodinafop-propargyl 15% (400 g ha−1 at 35 DAS), W5-carfentrazone ethyl 20% + sulfosulfuron 25%WG (100 g ha−1 at 35 DAS), W6-halauxafen + penxasulam 23.5% (75 g ha−1 at 35 DAS), W7-halauxafen—methyl 1.21% w/w + fluroxypyr (80 g ha−1 at 35 DAS) and W8-clodinafop-propargyl 15% + metsulfuron methy l 1% (400 g ha−1 35 DAS) were allocated to subplots. After two years of study, it was observed that the application of irrigation at the crown root initiation (CRI) stage and tillering stage showed a lower density and weed biomass, leading to the highest WCE. Five irrigations at CRI + jointing + booting + flowering + milking stage resulted in the maximum yield attributes, yield and economic returns. Among the herbicides applied manely: sulfosulfuron 25%WG (75 g ha−1 at 35 DAS), pendimethalin 1000 g ha−1 (pre-emergence) fb clodinafop-propargyl 15% (400 g ha−1 at 35 DAS), carfentrazone ethyl 20% + sulfosulfuron 25%WG (100 g ha−1 at 35 DAS), halauxafen + penxasulam 23.5% (75 g ha−1 at 35 DAS), halauxafen—methyl 1.21% w/w + fluroxypyr (80 g ha−1 at 35 DAS) and clodinafop-propargyl 15% + metsulfuron methy l 1% (400 g ha−1 35 DAS); carfentrazone ethyl 20% + sulfosulfuron 25%WG at 100 g ha−1 at 35 DAS significantly reduced weed infestation and resulted in the highest yield and economic returns, followed by clodinafop-propagyl 15% + metsulfuron 1% 400 g ha−1 at 35 DAS. Therefore, this experiment supports to find-out the relationship between irrigation and weed management to enhance wheat yield. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, part of Springer Nature.
Sn2+-Sn4+ and Fe2+-Fe3+ redox interaction in 30 Na2O-70 SiO2 glass
(1991) Anil Kumar; Saryoo Prasad Singh; Ram Pyare
The role of stannous tin as a temperature-dependent reducing agent in a 30 Na2O-70 SiO2 glass containing Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions was investigated at 550 and 650°C and different treatment times. The proportions of Fe2+ and Sn4+ ions were found to increase following a decrease in Sn2+ and Fe3+ contents during Sn2+-Sn4+ and Fe2+-Fe3+ mutual redox interaction on thermal treatments. These quantitative results obtained for the first time in a silicate glass were discussed for the redox pairs Sn2+-Sn4+ and Fe2+-Fe3+ in the light of standard reduction potentials of 0.15 and 0.77 eV, respectively, in aqueous solutions.
Studies on effect of CuO addition on mechanical properties and in vitro cytocompatibility in 1393 bioactive glass scaffold
(Elsevier Ltd, 2018) Akher Ali; Md Ershad; Vikash Kumar Vyas; Sumit Kumar Hira; Partha Pratim Manna; B.N. Singh; Shushma Yadav; P. Srivastava; S.P. Singh; Ram Pyare
Copper doped bioactive glasses have been reported as the potential biomaterial for diseased or damaged bone repair and act as stimulants to new bones formation. In the present manuscript, we have synthesized 1393 derived glass based scaffold with the general formula of (54.6 − X)SiO2·6Na2O·7.9 K2O·7.7 MgO·22 CaO·1.74 P2O5·XCuO (all are in mole%; where X = 0,1,2,3) through traditional melt-quench route and the samples were designated as 1393, 1393-1Cu, 1393-2Cu and 1393-3Cu respectively. Polymer foam with interconnected pores has been used on later stage to prepare porous (porosity > 50%) bioactive scaffolds. The addition of CuO in glass scaffolds was to ensure its cytocompatibility, ability to enhance cell proliferation and improvements in mechanical properties. Increasing trend of CuO in the 1393 glass scaffold has resulted in increasing compressive and flexural strength and elastic modulus of the scaffolds. In-vitro cellular growth inhibition and cell viability assay of CuO incorporated 1393 glass scaffolds demonstrated that it did not inhibit proliferation and viability of human squamous carcinoma cell (SCC-25) at low materials concentration. The materials caused moderate level of apoptosis at higher concentrations and were also tolerated by human RBC as studied by hemolytic assay. The results indicated that CuO incorporated 1393 scaffolds could be a potential biomaterial for neobone tissue engineering application. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
Studies on preparation and characterizations of CaO-Na2O-SiO2-P2O5 Bioglass Ceramics Substituted with Al2O3, TiO2 and ZrO2
(2012) M.R. Majhi; Ram Pyare; S.P. Singh
Glasses having weight percent composition (45 - X) SiO2-24.5Na2O-24.5CaO-6P2O5 (where X = 0 to 2% Al2O3, TiO2ZrO2 or their mixture) were prepared by conventional melting process in an electric globar furnace at 1400 ± 10°C with air as furnace atmosphere. The Controlled crystallization were carried out to convert the bioglasses to their corresponding bioglass ceramics. Nucleation and crystallization regimes were determined by DTA. The density and compressive strength were measured and found to increase with increasing Al2O3, TiO2 and ZrO2 substituted for SiO2 in the glass composition. The X-ray diffraction patterns of glass ceramic samples have shown the crystalline phases of sodium calcium silicate (Na2Ca2Si3O9), sodium calcium phospho-silicate (Na2Ca4PO4)2SiO4), sodium titanium phospho-silicate (Na5Ti2Si2(PO13)), sodium zirconium phospho-silicate (Na3Zr2Si2PO12) and sodium calcium aluminum phospho-silicate (Na2Al2Ca3(SiO4))2 phase. The investigation of bioactivity of the prepared glass and glass ceramic samples was done by infrared absorption and reflection spectrometry after immersion in the simulated body fluid for different periods at 37.8°C. The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis was also carried out and it was found that the micrographs of bioglass ceramic samples had shown the formation of hydroxy carbonate apatite layer after 7 days immersion in SBF solution. The Chemical durability of these materials were determined by pH measurement methods after immersing the samples in SBF for different intervals of times and it was observed that the pH of the solution increased from 1 to 7 days and further decreased after 7 to 30 days under physiological condition at 37.8°C. © 2012 American Scientific Publishers. All rights reserved.
Study of Human Osteosarcoma Cell Line Growth, Hemocompatibility, In-vitro Analysis and Physical Properties of V2O5 Substituted Borosilicate Glass
(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2024) Akanksha Singh; Pooja Goswami; Biplob Koch; Preetam Singh; Ram Pyare
Bioactive borosilicate glasses having weight composition (74-X) SiO2, 16 Na2O, 10 B2O3 and (X) V2O5 (wt%), where (X = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 4 wt %) were synthesized using the conventional melting procedure. Bioactive glass samples were melted in a platinum crucible of 50 ml capacity at 1400 °C in the globular furnace with air as the furnace atmosphere and kept hold for 2 h. These glasses were characterised and tested by using several experiment techniques like XRD, FTIR, SEM and EDX. The bioactivity of the borosilicate samples was determined by submerging them in simulated body fluid (SBF) for different time intervals. The developed hydroxy apatite (HA) was identified by FTIR, XRD, SEM and EDX technique. The obtained results demonstrate that the in-vitro bioactivity of the samples increases with the increase in V2O5 doping in samples. Various properties like density, compressive strength and electrical properties are determined. Physical and mechanical properties are improved after V2O5 doping. Electrical properties are improved after SBF doping, and the result shows the ion movement due to increased bioactivity. The in-vitro hemocompatibility and cellular compatibility on MG-63 cell lines were carried out. It was found that samples were compatible with human blood. Cellular proliferation is increased with increasing concentration of V2O5. However beyond 0.5% V2O5 doping the value of bioactivity decreases at higher concentrations of samples in culture media. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2024.
Synthesis and characterization of bioactive-glass ceramics
(2010) Saikat Maitra; Ariful Rahaman; Ram Pyare; Hilmi B. Mukhtar; Binay K. Dutta
Synthesis and characterization of bioactive glass ceramics containing lithium oxide and sodium oxide based alkali-lime-silica glasses have been presented in this work. Both powder processing route and bulk glass crystallization route with controlled heat treatment schedule were employed in the synthesis process. P2O5 in different proportions was used as the nucleating agent in these compositions. The glass ceramics formed were characterized by measurement of specific gravity, hardness, DTA, XRD, FT-IR spectra, SEM and EDAX study. In-vitro tests with simulated body fluid composition and protein absorption tests with albumin were conducted with the synthesized materials. It was observed that the composition of the glass ceramics affect significantly the mechanical behaviour and bioactivity of the materials.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Ionic Conductivity Studies of Simultaneously Substituted K-and Ga-Doped BaZrO3
(American Chemical Society, 2021) Akanksha Yadav; Ram Pyare; Thandavarayan Maiyalagan; Preetam Singh
Ceramic fuel cells possess tremendous advantages over PMFCs due to their fuel flexibility and requirement of low-purity hydrogen. Despite high conversion efficiency, the high cost of ultra high-purity hydrogen required for the operation limits the application of PMFCs. Although ceramic fuel cells operate at elevated temperature, high performance coupled with multifuel flexibility makes ceramic fuel cells a superior option as a static power source to generate electricity compared to thermal coal-fired power plants. BaZr1-xYxO3-x/2 based protonic conductors get a high degree of interest due to their superior structural stability, but their poor conductivity at higher temperature limits the performance of ceramic fuel cells. To overcome the low ionic conductivity issues of BaZrO3 based materials at elevated temperature, the simultaneous doping of smaller Ga on the Zr site and K on the Ba site was employed here to create higher concentration of oxide-ion vacancies for the realization of superior conductivities. The simultaneous substitution of K and Ga created the oxygen vacancy-type point defects resulting in higher ionic conductivity ∼10-2 S/cm above 650 °C. The conductivity represented here for the Ba0.8K0.2Zr0.8Ga0.2O2.8 sample is superior or equivalent to the conductivity obtained for yttria-stabilized zirconia, a well-known ceramic oxide-ion electrolyte. © 2021 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.
UV-ABSORPTION CHARACTERISTICS OF Ce**4** plus ION IN A SODIUM SILICATE GLASS.
(Indian Ceramic Soc, 1986) Saryoo Prasad Singh; Ram Pyare; P. Nath
Absorption characteristics of charge transfer bands in a binary sodium silicate glass containing tetravalent cerium were studied in a molar composition 30Na//2O. 70SiO//2. The molar extinction coefficient of Ce**4** plus ion was on the order of 240 multiplied by 10**2 gm mol/lit/cm at its maxima at 225 nm. Results on physical determination of Ce**4** plus ion are compared with those determined by a chemical method and found to be in good agreement. It is suggested that the charge transfer took place from oxygen ligands to central tetravalent cerium in the system.