Browsing by Author "Ravi Kumar Gangwar"

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2.45 GHz low level CW microwave radiation affects embryo implantation sites and single strand DNA damage in brain cells of mice, mus musculus
(IEEE Computer Society, 2009) Vineet Prakash Singh; Priyanka Singh; Chandra Mohini Chaturvedi; Ritesh K. Shukla; Alok Dhawan; Ravi Kumar Gangwar; Surya Pal Singh
To study the effect of microwave radiation on the early stages of pregnancy (implantation) and DNA damage in brain cells, female mice were exposed to 2.45 GHz electromagnetic field (EMF) for 2 hours/ day at power density of 0.1250 mW/cm2 for the period of 30 days (pre-mating period, 22 days; mating period, 5 days; post mating period, 3 days). The results indicate asymmetrical implantation in the two horns of the uterus in addition to alteration in embryo positioning and altered embryo spacing in exposed mice as compared to control. The microwave radiation also induced significant DNA break in brain cells. Our findings point towards microwave radiation induced adverse effects on early embryonic development (implantation) as well as increased DNA damage in brain cells, although further studies are required to understand the extent and the mechanism of these effects. In view of the increased use of microwaves in the modern society and MW induced pathogenesis reported earlier as well as in the present study, it is necessary to define the safer use and threshold limit of the non-ionizing radiation in terms of its biological effects.
2.45 GHz microwave irradiation-induced oxidative stress affects implantation or pregnancy in mice, mus musculus
(2013) Saba Shahin; Vineet Prakash Singh; Ritesh K. Shukla; Alok Dhawan; Ravi Kumar Gangwar; Surya Pal Singh; Chandra Mohini Chaturvedi
The present experiment was designed to study the 2.45 GHz low-level microwave (MW) irradiation-induced stress response and its effect on implantation or pregnancy in female mice. Twelve-week-old mice were exposed to MW radiation (continuous wave for 2 h/day for 45 days, frequency 2.45 GHz, power density=0.033549 mW/cm2, and specific absorption rate=0.023023 W/kg). At the end of a total of 45 days of exposure, mice were sacrificed, implantation sites were monitored, blood was processed to study stress parameters (hemoglobin, RBC and WBC count, and neutrophil/lymphocyte (N/L) ratio), the brain was processed for comet assay, and plasma was used for nitric oxide (NO), progesterone and estradiol estimation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activities of ROS-scavenging enzymes- superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase-were determined in the liver, kidney and ovary. We observed that implantation sites were affected significantly in MW-irradiated mice as compared to control. Further, in addition to a significant increase in ROS, hemoglobin (p<0.001), RBC and WBC counts (p<0.001), N/L ratio (p<0.01), DNA damage (p<0.001) in brain cells, and plasma estradiol concentration (p<0.05), a significant decrease was observed in NO level (p<0.05) and antioxidant enzyme activities of MW-exposed mice. Our findings led us to conclude that a low level of MW irradiation-induced oxidative stress not only suppresses implantation, but it may also lead to deformity of the embryo in case pregnancy continues. We also suggest that MW radiation-induced oxidative stress by increasing ROS production in the body may lead to DNA strand breakage in the brain cells and implantation failure/resorption or abnormal pregnancy in mice. © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013.