Browsing by Author "Ravi Ranjan Kumar"

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Assessing the World Research Output on Electronic Information Resources (EIRs): A Scientometric Analysis
(University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2021) Ravi Ranjan Kumar; Prof. Dr. H. N. Prasad
The present study depicts the growth of literature on electronic resources. In this regard, 2274 publications were collected from the Web of Science database from 1989 to 2018. The study attempts to measure year-wise and five-year block-wise distribution of publications using relative growth rate and doubling time, collaborative index, collaborative co-efficiency, and degree of collaboration. The highest number of publications, i.e., 472, was published in the 6th block 2014-2018. The sole author-produced 56.42% (1283) of the total publications, and double authors posted 19.48% (443). Authors from the USA have contributed the maximum number of publications compared to the other countries, and India stood 16th ranking in terms of productivity in this study period. The most prolific author authors Barker P, Korat O, and Tenopir C, contributed the highest 12 (0.53%) publications in e-resources literature, followed by Huang YM with 11 (0.48%) publications. Collaboration Index ranges from 1.53 (first block) to 2.72 (sixth block) with an average of 1.95 per joint authored paper, which implies the research team falls between 1 and 2 in the e-resources literature. Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education PCSHE is a positively contributed institution with 40 publications, followed by the University of London (UK) with 33 publications. © 2021. All Rights Reserved.
Current developments, challenges, and future standpoints corresponding to antibacterial agents with special reference to polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs)
(Springer, 2025) Deepshikha; Ravi Ranjan Kumar; Sankhajit Mondal; Venkatesh Chaturvedi
Microorganisms, majorly bacteria, are meticulously involved in causing a wide range of clinical manifestations. Antibiotics are agents that control or inhibit the targeted microbial growth but with the course of evolution, bacteria have evolved resistance against common antimicrobial agents, hence development of new agents is crucial in the foreseeable future. This chapter will provide information on antibacterial agents, their discovery, classifcation based on varying sources, functions, spectrum of activity, and chemical structures with special reference to Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) as antibacterial agents. Further, various approaches can be implied for developing novel antibacterial agents by either modifying known drug molecules, inhibiting resistance mechanism, a new molecule with a novel mechanism, or a combination that can restore the drug's prior effect. The major challenges include the lack of innovative assays for hit discovery, optimisation, extensive expenditure, and broad timelines. The development of novel antibacterial drugs in combating resistance can be improved by exploiting the emerging artifcial intelligence-based technologies, regulating host response pathways, and employing a combination of distinct antibiotics/PHAs/ Plant-derived compounds/Engineered pro-drugs. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.
Feather Protein Hydrolysate mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and assessment of anti-microbial potential of silver nanoparticle-treated silk cloth
(National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research, 2023) Khushboo Bhange; Ravi Ranjan Kumar; Prabhakar Singh; Venkatesh Chaturvedi
In this study, we have performed green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Feather Protein Hydrolysate (FPH) formed by degradation of chicken feathers by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia KB13. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by techniques such as, UV-Vis Spectroscopy, Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) respectively. TEM and SEM-EDS confirmed the formation of silver nanoparticles. The size range was found to be 20-40 nm. FTIR analysis suggested the role of amino acids and proteins present in FPH during the synthesis process. XRD analysis of silver nanoparticles confirmed the formation metallic silver nanoparticles with the average size of 29.957 nm. The antimicrobial activity of nanoparticles was also studied on clinically relevant pathogenic bacteria. These nanoparticles exhibited excellent anti-microbial properties. The antimicrobial property of silver nanoparticles was employed for the rescue of silk cloth from microbial deterioration. © 2023, National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research. All rights reserved.
Micronutrient and redox homeostasis contribute to Moringa oleifera-regulated drought tolerance in wheat
(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2023) Sahana Basu; Amlan A. Prabhakar; Surbhi Kumari; Aabha; Ravi Ranjan Kumar; Shashi Shekhar; Krishna Prakash; Jitendra P. Singh; Gyanendra P. Singh; Ram Prasad; Gautam Kumar
Global food security is being severely affected by the rapid increase in population and drastic climate change. Drought stress is the most important limiting factor for the sustainable production of several important crops, including wheat. The gradual temperature rise and reduced precipitations are likely to cause the frequent onset of droughts around the world. Therefore, alleviation of drought stress in crop plants has become an essential requirement to meet the increasing food demand. The present study explored the role of foliar application of Moringa leaf extract (MLE) in conferring drought tolerance in wheat during the anthesis stage. A wheat genotype of Indo-Gangetic Plains (HI1544) was exposed to drought stress during the anthesis of the spikes and simultaneously foliar sprayed with MLE for 10 days. The results showed the MLE treatment to improve the concentrations of macro- (K, Ca) and micronutrients (B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Si) in flag-leaves of wheat under non-stressed conditions. Application of MLE also maintained the flag-leaf nutritional contents under drought stress. The micro-nutrients, including Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn being the co-factors of the enzymes also stimulated the antioxidant enzyme activities; eventually leading to a significant reduction in the reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde accumulations under drought stress. Furthermore, micronutrients played a crucial role in osmotic adjustment and sustainable plant growth under drought stress. Overall, the study provided insights into the functional role of micronutrients in improving drought tolerance and also indicated the potential to commercialize MLE as an effective bio-stimulant for sustainable agriculture in drought-prone regions. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
Recent advances of nanotechnology in ameliorating bioenergy production: A comprehensive review
(Elsevier B.V., 2024) Paushali Ghosh; Kumari Deepshikha; Ravi Ranjan Kumar; Venkatesh Chaturvedi; Pradeep Verma
Bioenergy market has thoroughly enjoyed a positive outlook towards overpowering traditional energy sources to meet the continuous demands across the globe. According to a forecast by International Energy Agency (IEA), worldwide biofuel consumption is projected to rise by 20% from 2022 to 2027. Both advanced and emerging economies have accounted for 80% of biofuel consumption growth and are aiming to increase the use of indigenous feedstocks to expand biofuel production. There is an abundant supply of feedstock, however, their conversion to biofuel using conventional processes is a challenging task. This has made its conversion practically unfeasible, leading to the growing importance to innovate advanced and cutting-edge technologies for enhancing biofuel production and innovating cost-effective and bioprocess optimized methods. Nanoparticles owing to their small size, high surface area, and high penetrating power have proven to be a promising alternative for optimizing and enhancing biomass conversion. They are mainly employed for enzyme immobilization, development of pre-treatment and catalytic technologies for biofuel production. The plethora of emerging techniques and applications of nanostructured materials such as carbon-based nanomaterials, metal-based nanomaterials, magnetic nanoparticles, metal organic frameworks, and others, is a possible avenue for the establishment of novel, competent and economical approaches for biofuels generation. In this review, a critical survey on the different categories of nanomaterials and their ameliorating role on biofuel production have been carried out. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.
Recent trends in the application of nanoparticles and nanocarriers focused on biomedical research
(Springer, 2025) Ravi Ranjan Kumar; Deepshikha; Prateek Bhardwaj; Tamonna Banerjee; Venkatesh Chaturvedi
Nanomaterials are defned as entities that have at least one dimension in the range of 10-9 m or 1 nm. Nanoparticles are the connecting link between the Quantum and the Newtonian world as they exhibit interesting quantum phenomena but at the same time are created and maintained by Newtonian forces. They have been in use for centuries, as early examples of nanoparticles can be seen from fourth century colored glass from Rome, or the famous "Lycurgus" cup that shows dichroitic behavior when illuminated with different light sources. Nanocarriers are nanoscale vessels for carrying drugs and other molecules to specifc targets. Both nanoparticles and nanocarriers are synthesized by two main types of approaches. The "top-down" approach aims at synthesizing nanoscale materials by breaking larger, suitable materials to the nanometer range. On the contrary, the "bottom-up" approach aims at the manipulation of individual atoms and molecules to create a suitable nanomaterial. Both approaches have their merits and issues that will also be discussed. The synthesis can be through physical, chemical, or biological methods that give unique properties to the resultant product. Nanocarriers and nanoparticles offer a signifcant advantage over materials due to their high surface area-to-volume ratio and their manipulability in terms of functions. Therefore, it comes as no surprise that in recent years both have found success as treatment and drug delivery options for multiple diseases. Nanoparticles and nanocarriers are the future that awaits medical science, this chapter aims to introduce the reader to the fundamentals of nanoscience and draw a picture of how these small entities are bringing large changes in the ways we treat diseases. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.
α-Amylase purified and characterized from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) showed substantial anti-biofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus MTCC740
(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Avinash Kumar; Ravi Ranjan Kumar; Venkatesh Chaturvedi; Arvind M. Kayastha
Starch hydrolyzing α-amylase from germinated fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) has been purified 104-fold to apparent electrophoretic homogeneity with a final specific activity of 297.5 units/mg. SDS-PAGE of the final preparation revealed a single protein band of 47.5 kDa, supported by LC/MS analysis and size-exclusion chromatography on the Superdex 200 (ÄKTA-FPLC). α-Amylase exhibited maximum activity at pH 5.5. An activation energy (Ea) of 9.12 kcal/mol was found to exist in the temperature range of 20 to 90 °C. When substrate concentrations were evaluated between 0.5 and 10 mg/mL, the Km and Vmax values for starch were observed to be 1.12 mg/mL and 384.14 μmol/min/mg, respectively. The major substrate starch exhibited high specificity for fenugreek α-amylase. In the presence of EDTA (5 mM), the activity was lost, however, it could be largely reversed with the addition of calcium. Furthermore, an effort was made to assess the ability of fenugreek seed-derived partially purified (DEAE-cellulose enzyme) and purified α-amylase to disperse inside 48 h-old biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus MTCC740. The outcomes clearly demonstrated that the purified and partially purified α-amylase both exhibited strong biofilm dispersion activity. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.