Browsing by Author "Ruchi Gupta"

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Appendicostomy as a Venting Enterostomy for Colonic Atresia
(1999) A.N. Gangopadhyay; Ruchi Gupta; Sakti P. Sahoo
Colonic atresia is usually managed surgically by resection and end-to-end anastomosis but preferably with a venting enterostomy, if presentation is delayed. A new technique of appendicostomy was performed as a venting enterostomy in eight cases of colonic atresia with good results in our children's hospital during the period 1990–1995. © 1999, SAGE Publications. All rights reserved.
Does Access to Finance and Investment Climate Enhance Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Innovation in India?
(Springer International Publishing, 2024) Ruchi Gupta; Bhanu Pratap Singh
Innovation is a tool by which a firm can enhance, compete, and sustain in a dynamic world. Innovative firms are engines of total factor productivity and economic growth. However, financially constrained enterprises are less innovative in comparison to unconstrained firms in developing countries. The major aim of the study is to investigate the effects of access to finance and the investment climate condition on the innovation of SMEs in India using firm-level data on 6385 firms from the World Bank Enterprise Survey (WBES), 2022. The study employs two-stage least square-instrument variable (2SLS-IV) approach to examine the relationship. Post-estimation tests such as Cragg–Donald F-statistic and Stock and Yogo are applied to check the model’s strength and validity. In addition, the Sargan and Basmann test is applied to test for overidentification in the model. The study’s major findings suggest that long-term finance promotes innovation whereas investment climate condition such as bribes adversely affects it. Hence, in addition to expanding access to long-term finance, emphasis should be given on investment climate such as containing bribes while framing policies to promote innovation and support SMEs in India. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.
Effect of Access to Finance and Investment Climate on Resource Misallocation and Productivity of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in India
(Sage Publications India Pvt. Ltd, 2025) Ruchi Gupta; Bhanu Pratap Singh
Indian small and medium enterprises (SMEs) face resource misallocation problems that affect their total factor productivity growth. This study examines how difficulties in accessing finance and the business environment impact input misallocation and productivity, utilizing the World Bank Enterprise Survey (2022) database, which includes data from 6,348 enterprises. Firm productivity and input misallocation are measured using stochastic frontier analysis and Hsieh and Klenow’s model. Potential endogeneity arising from overdraft facilities and working capital is addressed through various robustness tests and endogenous stochastic production frontier analysis. The key findings suggest distortions in the allocation of capital and labour, with capital misallocation being more significant. Access to finance significantly influences firm productivity and the marginal productivity of both capital and labour. Additionally, investment climate factors, such as annual security costs and quality certifications, play a critical role in reducing the capital productivity gap, while power outages negatively impact firm efficiency and productivity. Therefore, policies aimed at supporting SMEs in India should focus on improving financing availability and addressing investment climate challenges. © 2025 IMI
Financial Constraints, Investment Climate and Firm Productivity of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in India
(Sage Publications India Pvt. Ltd, 2023) Ruchi Gupta; Bhanu Pratap Singh
The study’s major aim is to explore the effects of financial constraints and the investment climate conditions on resource misallocation and productivity of Indian Small and Medium Enterprises on a larger sample of 6,932 firms using data from the World Bank Enterprises Survey, 2014. The current study employs Hsieh and Klenow model (2009) and Stochastic Frontier Analysis to measure the distortion in input misallocation and firm productivity, respectively. The study’s major findings suggest a distortion of resources in capital and labour, but the extent of misallocation is more significant in the case of capital. Financial constraint significantly affects the marginal productivity of capital and labour and firms’ total factor productivity. Investment climate conditions such as red tape and harmful competition are critical to achieving the productivity gap of capital. Further, red tape in the system adversely affects the efficiency and productivity of firms. Hence, in addition to access to finance, focus on investment climate conditions such as red tape and harmful competition should be given while framing policies to support Small and Medium Enterprises in India. © 2023 MDI.