Browsing by Author "Ruchi Tripathi"

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Bacillus subtilis-Mediated Induction of Disease Resistance and Promotion of Plant Growth of Vegetable Crops
(Springer, 2024) Sumit Kumar; Anjali; R. Arutselvan; Prahlad Masurkar; Udai B. Singh; Ruchi Tripathi; Ingudam Bhupenchandra; Tatiana Minkina; Chetan Keswani
Vegetable crops are the major nutrient source of food worldwide and are considered as perishable crops compared to cereal, oilseed, and legume crops. They play a crucial role in daily human life because they contain a plethora of immunity-boosting compounds like vitamins, proteins, carbohydrates, and crucial macro- and micronutrients important for human life. India contributes 16% global vegetable crop production, making it as second-largest producer globally. Vegetable crop production is significantly limited because, during their whole lives, they are attacked by an armada of noxious pathogens that reduce quality and quantity as well as suppress the current food supply. Synthetic chemicals are frequently used, which has detrimental impacts on macro- and microflora as well as the environment and human wellbeing. A continuous increment in the population of resistant pathogens to chemicals puts pressure on pathologists to investigate novel, sustainable, and best alternative methods to combat dangerous microbes. From the various kinds of plant disease management prospects, the implication of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, i.e. PGPRs, is becoming an effective substitute strategy worldwide because of their environmentally friendly nature. One of the most promising PGPRs representing sustainable agriculture growth is Bacillus subtilis, which has been suggested as a potential tool for combating harmful vegetable diseases with respect to promoting plant health and growth. B. subtilis has the ability to produce a diverse range of compounds to promote plant growth and suppress pathogen ingression, which makes it a potential candidate. Furthermore, B. subtilis enhances plant immunity against pathogen infection by triggering the response via induced systemic resistance (ISR). Additionally, B. subtilis promotes plant growth via different mechanisms of action, such as nitrogen fixation, phytohormonal production, and phosphate solubilisation. In this chapter, a comprehensive study on the application of B. subtilis has been emphasized, with a focus on uses in the promotion of plant growth and controlling vegetable crop health issues. It would undoubtedly assist vegetable growers in reducing their reliance on agrochemicals while also providing profound perceptions and highlights on the environmentally friendly management of vegetable diseases. Farmers will be benefitted from cost-effective management once they have a better understanding of the management strategy. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.
Biocontrol technology: Eco-friendly approaches for sustainable agriculture
(Elsevier, 2018) Ratul M. Ram; Chetan Keswani; Kartikay Bisen; Ruchi Tripathi; Surya P. Singh; Harikesh B. Singh
Recent advances in structural and functional genomics are having penetrating impact on human and environmental health. As a potential alternative of hazardous chemical pesticides, agriculturally important microorganisms have gained popularity throughout the globe. There are various naturally occurring soil microbes that aggressively attack and destroy soil and seed-borne plant pathogens, hence referred as biocontrol agents that comprise members from bacterial, fungal, and viral genera. These biocontrol agents exhibit multiple beneficial characters such as plant growth promotion activity by secretion of various plant growth promoting hormones and by mobilization of many essential inorganic macro- and micronutrients, therefore commonly referred as biofertilizers. In addition to this, biocontrol efficacy in rhizospheric region imparts strong antagonistic potential against an array of plant pathogens by secretion of various antimicrobial secondary metabolites and hydrolytic enzymes (protease, pectinase, chitinase, lipase, etc.). The biocontrol activity is exercised directly by destruction of soil-borne pathogens or indirectly by inducing plant-mediated resistance responses. Role of biocontrol agents such as Trichoderma sp., Pseudomonas fluorescens, Beauveria bassiana, and Bacillus sp. for sustainable crop production has been investigated by multi-omics approach including functional genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and secretomics. Omics-based approaches have unraveled efficient application of genetic modifications for development of various target-specific formulations. This chapter focuses on the recent biotechnological advances in biocontrol of plant pathogens for sustainable agriculture. © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Defense Inducers Mediated Mitigation of Bacterial Canker in Tomato through Alteration in Oxidative Stress Markers
(MDPI, 2022) Ruchi Tripathi; Karuna Vishunavat; Rashmi Tewari; Sumit Kumar; Tatiana Minkina; Ugo De Corato; Chetan Keswani
The bacterial canker disease of tomato caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) has been reported to adversely affect the tomato cultivation in the NE hilly regions of India. Defense inducers such as salicylic acid (SA), isonicotinic acid (INA), benzothiadiazole (BTH) and lysozyme were used as prophylactic and curative sprays at different concentrations to test their efficacy in inducing resistance in tomato plants against Cmm under protected conditions. The induced resistance was studied through the alteration in the activities of oxidative stress marker enzymes (PAL, PO, PPO, TPC and PR-2 protein), hydrogen peroxide formation in leaf tissues and lignin accumulation in stem tissues, as well as through the reduction in disease severity under glasshouse conditions. The results of the present study revealed that the enzymatic activity, hydrogen peroxide formation and lignin production were significantly higher in the BTH (500 ppm)-treated leaves than in those observed in the control. The lowest disease incidence was recorded when BTH was applied as a prophylactic spray (27.88%) in comparison to being applied as a curative spray (53.62%), thereby suggesting that a defense inducer, BTH, shows antibacterial activity against Cmm, reduces disease incidence severity and induces defense responses in the tomato plant. © 2022 by the authors.
Mixed PGPR consortium: an effective modulator of antioxidant network for management of collar rot in cauliflower
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2019) Ratul Moni Ram; Ruchi Tripathi; Hareram Birla; Hagera Dilnashin; Surya Pratap Singh; Chetan Keswani
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a cosmopolitan fungal pathogen causing stem and collar watery soft rot of cauliflower. Previous management of this disease with chemical pesticides caused hazardous results which lead to use of more eco-friendly microbial approaches. In the present study, consortia of Trichoderma harzianum TNHU27 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PJHU15 were assessed for their ability in controlling Sclerotinia rot in cauliflower. The seedlings of cauliflower were challenged singly and in consortium with these two compatible microbes. The plants were evaluated upon challenge inoculation with S. sclerotiorum for changes in total phenolic content, the activity of defense and antioxidative enzymes. The microbial consortium comprising of T. harzianum and P. aeruginosa significantly enhanced the defense responses of the plant in comparison to pathogen challenged and unchallenged control. The study elucidates that plant beneficial microbes in the consortium may provide superior protection by induction of faster and enhanced defense responses in comparison to unchallenged and single microbe challenged plants under pathogen challenged conditions. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Surya Namaskar: A Natural Therapy for Mind-Body Balance
(EL-MED-Pub, 2025) Ruchi Tripathi; Arun Kumar Dwivedi
Surya Namaskar is an ancient yogic discipline that focuses on the veneration of the Sun and involves asanas, pranayama, mantras, and continuous breathing exercises. It promotes physical strength, flexibility, and mental tranquility through a sequence of asanas and precise breathing techniques. Mental wellness is essential for individuals to cope with life pressures, realize their capabilities, study and work effectively, and contribute positively to their community.Practicing Surya Namaskar leads to improvements in various mental components, including study skills, academic performance, self-concept, attitude, mental calm, peace, restfulness, strength, awareness, and joy. Consistent practice can help manage stress and alleviate depression, fostering a sense of well-being and purpose while enhancing awareness of the interrelationship between the body, mind, and breath. Physiological benefits of Surya Namaskar include muscle toning, improved flexibility, cardiovascular conditioning, hormonal equilibrium, improved digestion, weight reduction, increased energy, nutritional absorption, mood stabilization, emotional stability, and enhanced skin radiance. Consistent practice can help manage stress and alleviate depression, fostering a sense of well-being and purpose while enhancing awareness of the interrelationship between the body, mind, and breath. © 2025 EL-MED-Pub. All rights reserved.
Trichoderma Koningii enhances tolerance against thermal stress by regulating ROS metabolism in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2021) Ruchi Tripathi; Chetan Keswani; Rashmi Tewari
Thermal stress (TS) can be detrimental to tomato crop at different growth stages and is accounted by the generation of highly fatal reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, the effects of Trichoderma koningii ITCC 5201 (TK) were investigated on the tolerance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants under TS. TS elevated SOD, POD, PPO PAL, and Proline activity in the present study. However, a further reduction was observed in these enzymatic activities by the application of TK in the stressed and treated seedlings, while an increase in the starch, protein, and total phenol content was observed in stressed and treated plants. TS affirms the increase in H2O2 generation and lignin deposition, but reduction in the accumulation was observed by the treatment of TK to tomato seeds. In conclusion, TK proved to be very beneficial in imparting resistance to the tomato plants against heat stress through improved modulation of antioxidants. © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.