Browsing by Author "S. Bhattacharya"

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2-Normed algebras-I
(2010) Neeraj Srivastava; S. Bhattacharya; S.N. Lal
The class of 2-normed real algebras, defined in [33], as shown in [29] is either void or contains only trivial algebras. In this paper, a new definition of real or complex 2-normed algebras and 2-Banach algebras are proposed. Several examples of such algebras are given.
2-normed algebras-II
(2011) Neeraj Srivastava; S. Bhattacharya; S.N. Lal
In the first part of the paper [5], we gave a new definition of real or complex 2-normed algebras and 2-Banach algebras. Here we give two examples which establish that not all 2-normed algebras are normable and a 2-Banach algebra need not be a 2-Banach space. We conclude by deriving a new and interesting spectral radius formula for 1-Banach algebras from the basic properties of 2-Banach algebras and thus vindicating our definitions of 2-normed and 2-Banach algebras given in [5].
A Structural Study on Indium Tris-thiocarbamates
(1994) S. Bhattacharya; Miss Neena Seth; V.D. Gupta; H. Nöth; M. Thomann
[No abstract available]
Alignment effects in the medium-spin level structure of Se 78
(American Physical Society, 2022) K. Mandal; A. Chakraborty; A.K. Mondal; U.S. Ghosh; Aniruddha Dey; Saumyajit Biswas; B. Mukherjee; S. Rai; S. Chatterjee; S.K. Das; S. Samanta; R. Raut; S.S. Ghugre; S. Bhattacharyya; S. Nandi; S. Bhattacharya; G. Mukherjee; S. Ali; A. Goswami; S. Mukhopadhyay; Krishichayan; R. Banik; R. Chakrabarti; V. Kumar; A. Kumar
The excited states of Se78 were populated using the Ge76(α,2n) fusion evaporation reaction. The deexcited gamma rays were detected using the Indian National Gamma Array (INGA) spectrometer comprising clover and low-energy photon spectrometer (LEPS) detectors. The ground state band of Se78 has been extended up to Ex = 8.5 MeV and J = 16â ; this excitation regime is very close to the π(1g9/22) crossing frequency. Several newly observed in-band and intraband transitions belonging to the other bands of Se78 have also been placed in the level scheme based on their coincidence relationships. From the newly identified E1 transitions, an enhancement in the B(E1)/B(E2) values with spin has been observed which indicates the onset of octupole correlations in the band structure built on the 3-, 2508-keV state. Persistence of triaxial shape up to the highest observed spin of the ground state band has been observed and the feature of successive 1g9/22 quasiparticle alignments due to protons and neutrons has been unveiled. The consequences arising due to the occurrence of the neutron 1g9/2 quasiparticle alignments in the other observed correlated band structures are also presented. The results are interpreted in terms of total Routhian surface (TRS) calculations and the level structure systematic of the neighboring nuclei. © 2022 American Physical Society.
Anatomical variations of the splenic artery and its clinical implications
(2004) S.K. Pandey; S. Bhattacharya; R.N. Mishra; V.K. Shukla
The variations in orgin, course, and terminal branching pattern of the splenic artery were studied in 320 cadavers. The artery originated from the coeliac trunk in the majority of cadavers (90.6%), followed by abdominal aorta (8.1%), and other sights (1.3%). A suprapancreatic course of the artery was commonly observed (74.1%) followed by enteropancreatic (18.5%), intrapancreatic (4.6%), and retropancreatic (2.8%) courses. In two cases (0.63%) the proximal part of the splenic artery made a loop that was embedded in the substance of the pancreas, which is an interesting and rare finding. In five cases (1.5%) the proximal part of the artery divided into two or more branches that had suprapancreatic and enteropancreatic courses. The splenic artery divided into terminal branches in 311 (97%) cadavers. In nine (2.8%) cadavers it passed through the hilum of spleen without dividing. Two terminal branches were the most common (63.1%) followed by four (18.8%), six (9.7%), and more than six (5.6%) branches. The present study clearly indicates that there is variation in origin, course, and terminal distribution pattern of the splenic artery. The knowledge of these variations are of significant importance during surgical and radiological procedure of upper abdominal region to avoid any catastrophic complications. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Complex 2-normed linear spaces and extension of linear 2-functionals
(Heldermann Verlag, 2001) S.N. Lal; S. Bhattacharya; C. Sreedhar
The known concept of 2-normed real linear spaces is extended to 2-normed complex linear spaces. This extension is not trivial. A Hahn-Banach type extension theorem for complex linear 2-functionals is established and it is shown that it is not possible to get this result from the known Hahn-Banach type extension theorem for real linear 2-functionals using the Bohnenblust-Sobczyk technique directly as is done in the case of linear functionals. As an application of our extension theorem, a 2-norm version of the Ascoli-Mazur theorem on tangent functionals is established. Several examples and counter examples illustrate the results obtained in the paper. © Heldermann Verlag.
Effect of piracetam, a nootropic agent, on rat brain monoamines and prostaglandins
(1989) S.K. Bhattacharya; S.N. Upadhyay; A.K. Jaiswal; S. Bhattacharya
[No abstract available]
Electrophysiological and histological changes in extrinsic muscles proximal to post burn contractures of hand
(2011) V. Bhattacharya; Shammi Purwar; D. Joshi; M. Kumar; S. Mandal; G.R. Chaudhuri; S. Bhattacharya
Burn scar hand contractures of variable degree are frequently encountered. Although the forearm is apparently spared, it was clinically observed that there was disuse atrophy in the unburnt extrinsic forearm muscles. Usually the clinicians do not give much importance to this fact. The girth at the midforearm was significantly reduced as compared to normal side. The flexion of the hand joints are governed by two components (a) intrinsic and (b) extrinsic muscles. The intrinsic muscles are directly involved in the contracted tissue. Therefore it was thought essential to evaluate the extrinsic group of muscles for their contribution in the final functional recovery following corrective surgery. Thirty patients having unilateral post thermal burn contracture sparing forearm were studied. A detailed clinical evaluation was made including grade of contracture and reduction in the forearm girth. The forearm unburnt muscles were evaluated by preoperative electrophysiological studies. Intraoperative biopsies were taken from these muscles for histopathological examination. On histopathological examination, there were significant abnormal changes in the form of muscle fiber atrophy, fibrolipomatous tissue replacement of atrophic muscle fibers and sarcolemmal changes. These changes were directly proportional to the severity of contractures. The electrophysiological studies showed proportionate changes in the form of reduction in amplitude, duration and interference. This study suggests that if these changes are mild and in reversible stage, they will favourably affect the functional recovery following surgery. However if these changes are of severe grade and irreversible, in spite of adequate surgery, splinting and physiotherapy, the functional recovery may not be complete. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd and ISBI.
Evolution of collectivity and evidence of octupole correlations in Br 73
(American Physical Society, 2019) S. Bhattacharya; T. Trivedi; D. Negi; R.P. Singh; S. Muralithar; R. Palit; I. Ragnarsson; S. Nag; S. Rajbanshi; M. Kumar Raju; V.V. Parkar; G. Mohanto; S. Kumar; D. Choudhury; R. Kumar; R.K. Bhowmik; S.C. Pancholi; A.K. Jain
High-spin states in the Br73 nucleus have been populated via the Cr50(Si28,αp)Br73 fusion evaporation reaction with a beam energy of 90 MeV. The deexciting gamma rays were detected using the Indian National Gamma Array (INGA). Using the γ-γ coincidence technique, two new bands and eight new interconnecting transitions have been added. The strong interconnecting E1 transitions, between positive and negative parity bands, ensure the existence of octupole correlations at low spin. Line shapes have been observed for 17 transitions, which were analyzed by the Doppler-shift attenuation method to determine the lifetime of excited states of the yrast negative parity band and its signature partner band along with the positive parity band. The deduced transitional quadrupole moments Qt for the ground state band decrease with increasing spin, with their values ranging from 2.88 to 1.00 eb. A similar trend in the quadrupole moment has also been observed for the signature partner as well as for the positive parity band. This decrease in Qt with increasing spin for these bands is interpreted in terms of the cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky model and total Routhian surface calculations, which indicate possible band termination at higher spin. © 2019 American Physical Society.
In vitro unusual expression of chromosome breakage under folic acid deficient culture condition in human lymphocytes associated with mentally retarded patients
(2006) Ajit K. Saxena; S. Bhattacharya; N. Bhatta; A.K. Srivastava
A fragile site is non-staining gaps and breaks present on the mammalian chromosomes. Fragile X syndrome is the most common form of inherited mental retardation in humans because of unequivocally clinical significance. The expression frequency of folate sensitive fragile site is evaluated in prometaphase \ metaphase chromosomes obtained from peripheral blood lymphocytes from clinically diagnosed mentally retarded patients. The present study shows expression frequency of such breaks in 5.8% of abnormal cell population designated as "rare" fragile site i.e. Xq27, after karyotypic correlation with standard ideogram and to the clinical features, which is slightly higher as reported earlier observations by various laboratories, suggesting that folic acid an essential component required for DNA synthesis lacking either in diet or unknown factors present in the environment.
Investigation of an intruder band in 45 Sc via coulomb excitation ∗
(Jagellonian University, 2019) M. Matejska-Minda; R. Kumar; P.J. Napiorkowski; M. Saxena; S. Dutt; A. Agarwal; I. Ahmed; S. Bhattacharya; A. Jhingan; J. Kaur; M. Kicińska-Habior; M. Kumar; S. Kumar; D. Kumar; V. Nanal; R. Palit; N.K. Rai; M. Shuaib; A. Sood; A. Stolarz; T. Trivedi; A.K. Tyagi; R.K. Bhowmik; H.J. Wollersheim
In order to gain further information on the electromagnetic properties of the low-lying states in 45 Sc, a Coulomb excitation measurement was carried out at the IUAC, New Delhi. The 45 Sc target nuclei were Coulomb excited by the 70 MeV 32 S beam from the 15UD tandem accelerator. The γ-rays depopulating Coulomb excited states in 45 Sc were detected by four Clover detectors in coincidence with the forward scattered ions. The main aim of the experiment was to determine the B(E3; 7/2 − → 3/2 + ) and B(E3; 7/2 − → 5/2 + ) transition probabilities, as well as the transitional electromagnetic matrix elements for low-lying intruder states. © 2019 Jagellonian University. All Rights Reserved.
Investigation of different possible excitation modes in neutron-rich As 78
(American Physical Society, 2020) A.K. Mondal; A. Chakraborty; K. Mandal; U.S. Ghosh; Aniruddha Dey; Saumyajit Biswas; B. Mukherjee; S. Rai; Krishichayan; S. Chatterjee; S.K. Das; S. Samanta; R. Raut; S.S. Ghugre; S. Rajbanshi; R. Banik; S. Bhattacharyya; S. Nandi; S. Bhattacharya; G. Mukherjee; S. Ali; A. Goswami; R. Chakrabarti; S. Mukhopadhyay; A.K. Sinha; V. Kumar; A. Kumar
The yrast and nonyrast level structure of the odd-odd As78 nucleus has been investigated using the standard ? ray spectroscopic techniques. The excited states of As78 were populated through Ge76(a,pn) fusion evaporation reaction at the incident beam energies of 30, 35, and 40 MeV. The deexciting gamma rays were detected with the Indian National Gamma Array spectrometer composed of Clover and low-energy photon spectrometer detectors. In addition to the extension of the previously known yrast positive-parity band up to Ex ˜ 2.7 MeV with J=11?, an excited dipole band-like structure based on the 7(-), 1243-keV state has also newly been established. Several weak transitions feeding the low-lying nonyrast states have newly been identified and placed in the level scheme. A highly irregular sequence of levels has been observed at the low-excitation regime suggesting the dominance of single-particle excitations. The experimental results have been compared with the predicted results from the large-scale shell-model calculations. The calculated results indicate an enhanced contribution from the intruder p(1g9/2) orbital to the wave function of the positive-parity yrast excited states with J=7?. This enhanced contribution is supposed to provide subsequent mild collectivity for the concerned states. The nature of collectivity has been extracted from the total Routhian surface calculations. Evidences for the possible persistence of the stapler like mechanism prevailing in the positive- and negative-parity level sequences are presented. © 2020 American Physical Society.
Investigation of the low- and medium-spin level structure in As 77
(American Physical Society, 2023) A.K. Mondal; A. Chakraborty; K. Mandal; U.S. Ghosh; Aniruddha Dey; Saumyajit Biswas; B. Mukherjee; Krishichayan; S. Chatteerjee; S.K. Das; S. Samanta; R. Raut; S.S. Ghugre; S. Mukhopadhyay; S. Rajbanshi; R. Banik; S. Bhattacharyya; S. Nandi; S. Chakraborty; S. Bhattacharya; G. Mukherjee; S. Ali; A. Goswami; R. Chakrabarti; A. Kumar; R. Goswami
The low- and medium-spin level structure of As77 nucleus has been investigated using the Ge76(α,p2n) fusion evaporation reaction and the standard in-beam γ ray spectroscopic technique. The deexciting γ rays were detected with the Indian National Gamma Array spectrometer comprising Clover and LEPS detectors. The previously known 9/2+ yrast positive-parity band, based on the π(g9/2) configuration, has been extended to the excitation energy of Ex≈7.5 MeV with Jπ=(33/2+). An extension of the high-lying negative-parity band, based on the π[(g9/2)] - ν[(g9/2)(fp)] configuration, has been made up to Ex≈5.1 MeV, Jπ=(25/2-). The yrast positive-parity α=-1/2 signature partner band has newly been identified and the occurrence of large signature splitting associated with the partner bands have been observed. A quasi-γ vibrational band structure built on the nonyrast 13/2+ state has also newly been established. The experimental findings have been interpreted on the basis of the predicted results from the total Routhian surface, particle plus triaxial-rotor model, and shell-model calculations. The band crossing phenomena correlated to the ν(g9/2) alignment and the perseverance of triaxial shape up to the highest observed excitation regime of the 9/2+ yrast positive-parity band have been discussed. The evidence for the possible onset of the stapler-like mechanism prevailing in the high-lying negative-parity band structure are presented. © 2023 American Physical Society.
Isolation and purification of bioactive metabolites from an endophytic fungus Penicillium citrinum of Azadirachta indica
(Elsevier B.V., 2021) Puja Kumari; Arti Singh; Dheeraj K. Singh; Vijay K. Sharma; Jitendra Kumar; Vijai Kumar Gupta; S. Bhattacharya; R.N. Kharwar
Endophytic fungi are the plant symbiont with highly diverse nature and poorly defined ecological importance in host fitness. Although there are the reports on the isolation and characterization of fungal endophytes from a variety of hosts, there is still no report of Penicillium citrinum from Azadirachta indica. In this study, an endophytic P. citrinum was isolated from A. indica. The purified fraction of secondary metabolites was characterized by combining TLC, GC-MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR analyses. The TLC purified fraction was identified as milbemycin. The pure fraction did not show any antioxidant activity while crude extract showed strong antioxidant activity (DPPH inhibition capacity; IC50 = 52.13 μg ml−1). The secondary metabolites displayed significant antimicrobial activity against human's pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The inhibition zones between 15 and 20 mm were recorded against Gram +ve Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Gram–ve Aeromonas hydrophila, while maximum inhibition of 29 mm was observed against Trichophyton mentagrophytes. P. citrinum can be a promising fungus that has broad spectrum antimicrobial activity and may provide future insight towards the production of bioactive compounds. © 2021 SAAB
N-(Prop-2-yn-1-yl)-1,3-benzothiazol-2-amine
(2011) Alka Agarwal; Manavendra Kumar Singh; Suryabhan Singh; S. Bhattacharya; Satish K. Awasthi
In the title compound, C 10H 8N 2S, the 2-amino-benzothia-zole and propyne groups are not coplanar [dihedral angle = 71.51 (1)°]. The crystal structure is stabilized by strong inter-molecular N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds and C-H⋯C, C-H⋯π and F-type aromatic-aromatic [centroid-centroid distance = 3.7826 (12) Å] interactions are also observed.
Nitrogen ion induced 2D-GaN layer formation of GaAs (001) surface
(2009) Praveen Kumar; S. Bhattacharya; Govind; B.R. Merita; S.M. Shivaprasad
This study demonstrates the formation of two-dimensional GaN on GaAs (001) surface by bombardment of nitrogen ions at room temperature. In this work the ion induced nitridation of GaAs (001) surface using nitrogen ion beam of different energies (range from 250 eV to 5 keV) has been investigated using in-situ X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). A Ga rich surface produced by Ar + ion etching, promotes initial nitridation. Using nitrogen ion of different energies of constant fluence performs the nitridation. The nitridation suggests that the degree of nitridation increase as the nitrogen ion energy increases up to 3 keV and then attains saturation. The core level and valance band spectra were monitored to observe the chemical and electronic changes as a function of nitrogen ion beam energy. It is observed that Ga(3d) core level peak shifts during nitridation and N(1s) core level spectra shows that the intensity of the nitrogen peak increases and the Ga (LMM) auger peak shifts towards the higher binding energy, reveal the forming of N bonds with Ga by replacing the Ga-As bonds, forming GaN. Copyright © 2009 American Scientific Publishers.
Reversal of drug resistance in P-glycoprotein-expressing T-cell acute lymphoblastic CEM leukemia cells by copper N-(2-hydroxy acetophenone) glycinate and oxalyl bis (N-phenyl) hydroxamic acid
(2006) S. Majumder; P. Dutta; P. Mukherjee; E.R. Datta; T. Efferth; S. Bhattacharya; S.K. Choudhuri
Multiple drug resistance (MDR) represents a major obstacle to successful application of chemotherapy and a basic problem in cancer biology. MDR occurs at the cellular level and is multi-factorial in nature. The multidrug resistance gene, MDR1, and its gene product P-glycoprotein (P-gp) are now well known as an important determinant of MDR. Much effort has been devoted to develop P-gp inhibitors to modulate resistance. However, most of these resistance-modifying agents (RMA) are too toxic at the required doses. Therefore, the development of novel RMAs to overcome MDR represents a major challenge to modern cancer chemotherapy. In the present investigation, we describe the effect of oxalyl bis (N-phenyl) hydroxamic acid (OBPHA) and copper N-(2-hydroxy acetophenone) glycinate (CuNG) on multidrug-resistant P-gp-expressing CEM/ADR5000 T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. CuNG, a known depleting agent for glutathione (GSH) and inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and multidrug resistance-related protein 1 (MRP1), also inhibited P-gp-mediated doxorubicin accumulation and retention. The resistance-modifying effects of OBPHA were stronger than that of CuNG. Both novel RMAs overcame drug resistance more efficiently than verapamil, a well-known P-gp inhibitor. OBPHA and CuNG exposure resulted in an increased doxorubicin accumulation after 1-3 h incubation by down-regulation of P-gp expression after 24 h incubation. This is a clue that different mechanisms may contribute to modulation of P-gp-mediated drug resistance by these compounds. © 2005 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Revised lifetime of the 11/2- state in 45Sc via coulomb excitation
(Jagellonian University, 2020) M. Matejska-Minda; P.J. Napiorkowski; R. Kumar; M. Saxena; S. Dutt; A. Agarwal; I. Ahmed; S. Bhattacharya; A. Jhingan; J. Kaur; M. Kicińska-Habior; M. Kumar; S. Kumar; D. Kumar; V. Nanal; R. Palit; N.K. Rai; M. Shuaib; A. Sood; A. Stolarz; T. Trivedi; A.K. Tyagi; R.K. Bhowmik; H.J. Wollersheim
A Coulomb-excitation measurement to study low-energy electromagnetic properties of 45Sc has been performed at the IUAC facility in New Delhi, India using a 70 MeV 32S projectile from the 15UD tandem accelerator. The preliminary value of the reduced transition probability B(E2; 11/2- → 7/2-) and the resulting lifetime for the 11/2- state at 1237 keV were determined using the GOSIA code. © 2020 Jagellonian University. All rights reserved.
Science Requirements and Detector Concepts for the Electron-Ion Collider: EIC Yellow Report
(Elsevier B.V., 2022) R. Abdul Khalek; A. Accardi; J. Adam; D. Adamiak; W. Akers; M. Albaladejo; A. Al-bataineh; M.G. Alexeev; F. Ameli; P. Antonioli; N. Armesto; W.R. Armstrong; M. Arratia; J. Arrington; A. Asaturyan; M. Asai; E.C. Aschenauer; S. Aune; H. Avagyan; C. Ayerbe Gayoso; B. Azmoun; A. Bacchetta; M.D. Baker; F. Barbosa; L. Barion; K.N. Barish; P.C. Barry; M. Battaglieri; A. Bazilevsky; N.K. Behera; F. Benmokhtar; V.V. Berdnikov; J.C. Bernauer; V. Bertone; S. Bhattacharya; C. Bissolotti; D. Boer; M. Boglione; M. Bondì; P. Boora; I. Borsa; F. Bossù; G. Bozzi; J.D. Brandenburg; N. Brei; A. Bressan; W.K. Brooks; S. Bufalino; M.H.S. Bukhari; V. Burkert; N.H. Buttimore; A. Camsonne; A. Celentano; F.G. Celiberto; W. Chang; C. Chatterjee; K. Chen; T. Chetry; T. Chiarusi; Y.-T. Chien; M. Chiosso; X. Chu; E. Chudakov; G. Cicala; E. Cisbani; I.C. Cloet; C. Cocuzza; P.L. Cole; D. Colella; J.L. Collins; M. Constantinou; M. Contalbrigo; G. Contin; R. Corliss; W. Cosyn; A. Courtoy; J. Crafts; R. Cruz-Torres; R.C. Cuevas; U. D'Alesio; S. Dalla Torre; D. Das; S.S. Dasgupta; C. Da Silva; W. Deconinck; M. Defurne; W. DeGraw; K. Dehmelt; A. Del Dotto; F. Delcarro; A. Deshpande; W. Detmold; R. De Vita; M. Diefenthaler; C. Dilks; D.U. Dixit; S. Dulat; A. Dumitru; R. Dupré; J.M. Durham; M.G. Echevarria; L. El Fassi; D. Elia; R. Ent; R. Esha; J.J. Ethier; O. Evdokimov; K.O. Eyser; C. Fanelli; R. Fatemi; S. Fazio; C. Fernandez-Ramirez; M. Finger; D. Fitzgerald; C. Flore; T. Frederico; I. Friščić; S. Fucini; S. Furletov; Y. Furletova; C. Gal; L. Gamberg; H. Gao; P. Garg; D. Gaskell; K. Gates; M.B. Gay Ducati; M. Gericke; G. Gil Da Silveira; F.-X. Girod; D.I. Glazier; K. Gnanvo; V.P. Goncalves; L. Gonella; J.O. Gonzalez Hernandez; Y. Goto; F. Grancagnolo; L.C. Greiner; W. Guryn; V. Guzey; Y. Hatta; M. Hattawy; F. Hauenstein; X. He; T.K. Hemmick; O. Hen; G. Heyes; D.W. Higinbotham; A.N. Hiller Blin; T.J. Hobbs; M. Hohlmann; T. Horn; T.-J. Hou; J. Huang; Q. Huang; G.M. Huber; C.E. Hyde; G. Iakovidis; Y. Ilieva; B.V. Jacak; P.M. Jacobs; M. Jadhav; Z. Janoska; A. Jentsch; T. Jezo; X. Jing; P.G. Jones; K. Joo; S. Joosten; V. Kafka; N. Kalantarians; G. Kalicy; D. Kang; Z.B. Kang; K. Kauder; S.J.D. Kay; C.E. Keppel; J. Kim; A. Kiselev; M. Klasen; S. Klein; H.T. Klest; O. Korchak; A. Kostina; P. Kotko; Y.V. Kovchegov; M. Krelina; S. Kuleshov; S. Kumano; K.S. Kumar; R. Kumar; L. Kumar; K. Kumerički; A. Kusina; K. Kutak; Y.S. Lai; K. Lalwani; T. Lappi; J. Lauret; M. Lavinsky; D. Lawrence; D. Lednicky; C. Lee; K. Lee; S.H. Lee; S. Levorato; H. Li; S. Li; W. Li; X. Li; W.B. Li; T. Ligonzo; H. Liu; M.X. Liu; X. Liu; S. Liuti; N. Liyanage; C. Lorcé; Z. Lu; G. Lucero; N.S. Lukow; E. Lunghi; R. Majka; Y. Makris; I. Mandjavidze; S. Mantry; H. Mäntysaari; F. Marhauser; P. Markowitz; L. Marsicano; A. Mastroserio; V. Mathieu; Y. Mehtar-Tani; W. Melnitchouk; L. Mendez; A. Metz; Z.-E. Meziani; C. Mezrag; M. Mihovilovič; R. Milner; M. Mirazita; H. Mkrtchyan; A. Mkrtchyan; V. Mochalov; V. Moiseev; M.M. Mondal; A. Morreale; D. Morrison; L. Motyka; H. Moutarde; C. Muñoz Camacho; F. Murgia; M.J. Murray; P. Musico; P. Nadel-Turonski; P.M. Nadolsky; J. Nam; P.R. Newman; D. Neyret; D. Nguyen; E.R. Nocera; F. Noferini; F. Noto; A.S. Nunes; V.A. Okorokov; F. Olness; J.D. Osborn; B.S. Page; S. Park; A. Parker; K. Paschke; B. Pasquini; H. Paukkunen; S. Paul; C. Pecar; I.L. Pegg; C. Pellegrino; C. Peng; L. Pentchev; R. Perrino; F. Petriello; R. Petti; A. Pilloni; C. Pinkenburg; B. Pire; C. Pisano; D. Pitonyak; A.A. Poblaguev; T. Polakovic; M. Posik; M. Potekhin; R. Preghenella; S. Preins; A. Prokudin; P. Pujahari; M.L. Purschke; J.R. Pybus; M. Radici; R. Rajput-Ghoshal; P.E. Reimer; M. Rinaldi; F. Ringer; C.D. Roberts; S. Rodini; J. Rojo; D. Romanov; P. Rossi; E. Santopinto; M. Sarsour; R. Sassot; N. Sato; B. Schenke; W.B. Schmidke; I. Schmidt; A. Schmidt; B. Schmookler; G. Schnell; P. Schweitzer; J. Schwiening; I. Scimemi; S. Scopetta; J. Segovia; R. Seidl; S. Sekula; K. Semenov-Tian-Shanskiy; D.Y. Shao; N. Sherrill; E. Sichtermann; M. Siddikov; A. Signori; B.K. Singh; S. Širca; K. Slifer; W. Slominski; D. Sokhan; W.E. Sondheim; Y. Song; O. Soto; H. Spiesberger; A.M. Stasto; P. Stepanov; G. Sterman; J.R. Stevens; I.W. Stewart; I. Strakovsky; M. Strikman; M. Sturm; M.L. Stutzman; M. Sullivan; B. Surrow; P. Svihra; S. Syritsyn; A. Szczepaniak; P. Sznajder; H. Szumila-Vance; L. Szymanowski; A.S. Tadepalli; J.D. Tapia Takaki; G.F. Tassielli; J. Terry; F. Tessarotto; K. Tezgin; L. Tomasek; F. Torales Acosta; P. Tribedy; A. Tricoli; Triloki; S. Tripathi; R.L. Trotta; O.D. Tsai; Z. Tu; C. Tuvè; T. Ullrich; M. Ungaro; G.M. Urciuoli; A. Valentini; P. Vancura; M. Vandenbroucke; C. Van Hulse; G. Varner; R. Venugopalan; I. Vitev; A. Vladimirov; G. Volpe; A. Vossen; E. Voutier; J. Wagner; S. Wallon; H. Wang; Q. Wang; X. Wang; S.Y. Wei; C. Weiss; T. Wenaus; H. Wennlöf; N. Wickramaarachchi; A. Wikramanayake; D. Winney; C.P. Wong; C. Woody; L. Xia; B.W. Xiao; J. Xie; H. Xing; Q.H. Xu; J. Zhang; S. Zhang; Z. Zhang; Z.W. Zhao; Y.X. Zhao; L. Zheng; Y. Zhou; P. Zurita
This report describes the physics case, the resulting detector requirements, and the evolving detector concepts for the experimental program at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). The EIC will be a powerful new high-luminosity facility in the United States with the capability to collide high-energy electron beams with high-energy proton and ion beams, providing access to those regions in the nucleon and nuclei where their structure is dominated by gluons. Moreover, polarized beams in the EIC will give unprecedented access to the spatial and spin structure of the proton, neutron, and light ions. The studies leading to this document were commissioned and organized by the EIC User Group with the objective of advancing the state and detail of the physics program and developing detector concepts that meet the emerging requirements in preparation for the realization of the EIC. The effort aims to provide the basis for further development of concepts for experimental equipment best suited for the science needs, including the importance of two complementary detectors and interaction regions. This report consists of three volumes. Volume I is an executive summary of our findings and developed concepts. In Volume II we describe studies of a wide range of physics measurements and the emerging requirements on detector acceptance and performance. Volume III discusses general-purpose detector concepts and the underlying technologies to meet the physics requirements. These considerations will form the basis for a world-class experimental program that aims to increase our understanding of the fundamental structure of all visible matter. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.
Structural studies on indium and tin thiobenzoates
(1996) P. Singh; S. Bhattacharya; Vishnu D. Gupta; Heinrich Nöth
Indium(III) and tin(IV) thiocarboxylates were prepared and characterized on the basis of their IR, 13C- and 19Sn-NMR data. Indium tris(thiobenzoate) (1) decomposes into a sulfido complex In(S)(S(O)CPh] (2a). The corresponding tris(thioacetate) In[S(O)CMe]3 is thermally too unstable to be isolated. The anionic tetrakis complex [Et3NH]iIn[S(O)CPh]4) (3) was characterized by X-ray crystallography which revealed a distorted tetrahedral coordination at the In atom. X-ray diffraction analysis of the complexes BuSn[S(O)CPh]3 (4) and Cl2Sn[S(O)CPh]2 (7) showed distorted tetrahedral and tis-octahedral structures, respectively. © VCH Veriagsgesellschaft mbH, 1996.