Browsing by Author "S. Das"

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An Approach for identification of individuals in a mass disaster in Indian set up
(2011) S. Das; S.K. Pandey; P. Chakraborty
In the changing scenario of mass disaster, which has become almost one of the stories of daily news paper, Disaster Victim Identification has become important for its medico-legal as well as nations socio-economical aspects. This expertise gives the Forensic Experts a resource advice in dealing with human identification in a simpler way in Indian context. The idea of this work was born after the Ganeswari express accident that occurred in West Bengal, in May 2010, after which the situation demeaned a discussion between the Forensic Experts, Forensic Scientists and police personnel to frame a simpler guideline for Disaster Victim Identification. The recommendations made in this paper, as well as in many cited references, are intended to provide the forensic experts the minimum guidance for victim identification by photography and storing samples suitable for DNA analysis. It also gives a guideline for matching the DNA samples with the relative of the victims that will provide better chances of victim identification.
Benthic foraminiferal diversity response to the climate induced changes in the eastern Arabian Sea oxygen minimum zone during the last 30 ka BP
(Elsevier Ltd, 2015) A.D. Singh; A.K. Rai; K. Verma; S. Das; S.K. Bharti
A high resolution record of deep sea benthic foraminiferal diversity variations in the eastern Arabian Sea for the last 30kaBP was obtained from two sediment cores (SK17 and MD131) retrieved from the present day Oxygen Minimum Zone (OMZ) in the Indian margin off Goa. The benthic foraminiferal diversity is represented in terms of Sander's rarefaction number (S100), Shannon Wiener Index [H(S)], Equitability (E') and Alpha Index (α). Records of diversity indices exhibit millennial scale changes during the late glacial and deglacial periods, corresponding to the Northern Hemisphere climatic events. We compared the faunal diversity with proxy records of primary productivity (Corg %) and bottom water oxygen (low-O2 taxa %). We suggest that benthic foraminiferal diversity in the eastern Arabian Sea OMZ is largely controlled by the primary productivity induced organic carbon flux and strength of bottom water oxygenation. The less diverse fauna along with increased percentages of Corg and low- O2 taxa during the last glacial maximum (18-22.5kaBP) suggest eutrophic and oxygen-poor benthic environment, attributed mainly to a strong OMZ associated with intense winter monsoon wind induced productivity and a weak deep ocean circulation. The intervals of distinct increase in diversity closely correspond with North Atlantic cold Heinrich events, when eastern Arabian Sea experienced significant declines in monsoon driven productivity and better deep sea ventilation due to enhanced inflow of Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW). © 2014 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA.
CBM Collaboration
(Elsevier, 2014) T. Ablyazimov; A. Abuhoza; R. Adak; J. Adamczewski-Musch; M. Adamczyk; M.M. Aggarwal; Z. Ahammed; F. Ahmad; N. Ahmad; S. Ahmad; A. Akindinov; P. Akishin; E. Akishina; T. Akishina; V. Akishina; M. Al-Turany; E. Alexandrov; I. Alexandrov; S. Amar-Youcef; M. Andelić; O. Andreeva; C. Andrei; A. Andronic; Yu. Anisimov; H. Appelshäuser; A. Arend; D. Argintaru; E. Atkin; S. Avdeev; R. Averbeck; M.D. Azmi; V. Baban; M. Bach; E. Badura; S. Baginyan; T. Balle; T. Balog; S. Bandyopadhyay; P. Banerjee; N. Baranova; T. Barczyk; D. Bartoş; S. Bashir; Z. Basrak; M. Baszczyk; O. Batenkov; V. Baublis; C. Baumann; M. Baznat; K.-H. Becker; T. Bel; S. Belogurov; J. Bendarouach; I. Berceanu; A. Bercuci; E. Berdermann; A. Berdnikov; Y. Berdnikov; R. Berendes; C. Bergmann; D. Bertini; O. Bertini; C. Beşliu; O. Bezshyyko; P.P. Bhaduri; A. Bhasin; A.K. Bhati; B. Bhattacharjee; A. Bhattacharyya; T.K. Bhattacharyya; S. Biswas; D. Blau; C. Blume; Yu. Bocharov; S. Böttger; M. Borysova; T. Breitner; U. Brüning; J. Brzychczyk; A. Bubak; H. Büsching; A. Bychkov; A. Byszuk; Xu Cai; M. Cãlin; Ping Cao; R. Čaplar; G. Caragheorgheopol; I. Carević; V. Cătănescu; A. Chakrabarti; S. Chatterji; Sanatan Chattopadhyay; Subhasis Chattopadhyay; Hongfang Chen; Jianping Cheng; V. Chepurnov; S. Chernenko; A. Chernogorov; Kyung-Eon Choi; M.I. Ciobanu; G. Claus; F. Constantin; V. Covlea; M. Csanád; N. D'Ascenzo; S. Das; K. Davkov; V. Davkov; J. de Cuveland; B. Debnath; D. Dementiev; Zhi Deng; H. Deppe; I. Deppner; O. Derenovskaya; C.A. Deveaux; M. Deveaux; K. Dey; M. Dey; P. Dillenseger; V. Dobyrn; D. Doering; A. Dorokhov; A. Drozd; A.K. Dubey; S. Dubnichka; A. Dubnichkova; M. Dürr; W. Dulinski; L. Dutka; M. Dželalija; D. Emschermann; H. Engel; V. Eremin; T. Eşanu; J. Eschke; D. Eschweiler; Jongsik Eum; Huanhuan Fan; O. Fateev; I. Filozova; D. Finogeev; P. Fischer; H. Flemming; U. Frankenfeld; V. Friese; E. Friske; I. Fröhlich; J. Frühauf; Á. Fülöp; J. Gajda; T. Galatyuk; A. Galkin; V. Galkin; G. Gangopadhyay; C. García Chávez; I. Gašparić; J. Gebelein; P. Ghosh; S.K. Ghosh; M. Goffe; L. Golinka-Bezshyyko; V. Golovatyuk; S. Golovnya; V. Golovtsov; M. Golubeva; D. Golubkov; A. Gómez Ramírez; S. Gorbunov; S. Gorokhov; D. Gottschalk; P. Gryboś; A. Grzeszczuk; F. Guber; K. Gudima; A. Gupta; Yu. Gusakov; A. Haldar; S. Haldar; H. Hartmann; J. Hehner; K. Heidel; N. Heine; E. Hellbär; A. Herghelegiu; N. Herrmann; B. Heß; J.M. Heuser; A. Himmi; C. Höhne; R. Holzmann; Guangming Huang; Xinjie Huang; J. Hutsch; D. Hutter; E. Iakovleva; A. Ierusalimov; E.-M. Ilgenfritz; M. Irfan; M. Ivanov; Valery Ivanov; Victor Ivanov; Vladimir Ivanov; A. Ivashkin; K. Jaaskelainen; H. Jahan; V. Jain; V. Jakovlev; T. Janson; A. Jipa; I. Kadenko; B. Kämpfer; S. Kalcher; V. Kalinin; K.-H. Kampert; Tae Im Kang; E. Kaptur; R. Karabowicz; O. Karavichev; T. Karavicheva; D. Karmanov; V. Karnaukhov; E. Karpechev; K. Kasiński; G. Kasprowicz; M. Kaur; A. Kazantsev; U. Kebschull; G. Kekelidze; M.M. Khan; S.A. Khan; A. Khanzadeev; F. Khasanov; A. Khvorostukhin; V. Kirakosyan; M. Kirejczyk; A. Kiryakov; M. Kiš; I. Kisel; P. Kisel; S. Kiselev; A. Kiss; T. Kiss; P. Klaus; R. Kłeczek; Ch. Klein-Bösing; V. Kleipa; P. Kmon; K. Koch; L. Kochenda; P. Koczoń; W. König; M. Kohn; B.W. Kolb; A. Kolosova; B. Komkov; J.M. Kopfer; M. Korolev; I. Korolko; R. Kotte; A. Kotynia; A. Kovalchuk; S. Kowalski; M. Koziel; G. Kozlov; P. Kravtsov; E. Krebs; C. Kreidl; D. Kresan; G. Kretschmar; M. Kretz; M. Krieger; E. Kryshen; W. Kucewicz; L. Kudin; A. Kugler; I. Kulakov; J. Kunkel; A. Kurepin; P. Kurilkin; V. Kushpil; V. Kyva; V. Ladygin; C. Lara; P. Larionov; A. Laso Garcia; E. Lavrik; I. Lazanu; A. Lebedev; S. Lebedev; E. Lebedeva; J. Lehnert; J. Lehrbach; F. Lemke; Cheng Li; Jin Li; Qiyan Li; Yuanjing Li; Yulan Li; V. Lindenstruth; S. Linev; B. Linnik; E. Litvinenko; Feng Liu; I. Lobanov; E. Lobanova; S. Löchner; P.-A. Loizeau; J.A. Lucio Martínez; A. Lymanets; A. Maevskaya; S. Mahajan; D.P. Mahapatra; T. Mahmoud; P. Maj; Z. Majka; A. Malakhov; E. Malankin; D. Malkevich; O. Malyatina; H. Malygina; S. Mandal; V. Manko; S. Manz; V. Marin; A.M. Marin Garcia; J. Markert; S. Masciocchi; T. Matulewicz; M. Merkin; V. Mialkovski; J. Michel; N. Miftakhov; K. Mikhailov; V. Mikhaylov; B. Milanović; V. Militsija; M.F. Mir; D. Miskowiec; T. Morhardt; W.F.J. Müller; C. Müntz; Yu. Murin; R. Najman; L. Naumann; T. Nayak; A. Nedosekin; B. Neumann; W. Niebur; V. Nikulin; D. Normanov; M. Nüssle; A. Oancea; Kunsu Oh; Y. Onishchuk; D. Osipov; G. Ososkov; D. Ossetski; P. Otfinowski; E. Ovcharenko; S. Pal; I. Panasenko; N.R. Panda; S. Parzhitskiy; C. Pauly; Haiping Peng; I. Peric; D. Peshekhonov; V. Peshekhonov; V. Petráček; M. Petriş; A. Petrovici; M. Petrovici; A. Petrovskiy; O. Petukhov; K. Piasecki; J. Pieper; J. Pietraszko; R. Płaneta; E. Plekhanov; V. Plotnikov; V. Plujko; J. Pluta; V. Poliakov; P. Polozov; A. Pop; V. Popov; V. Pospisil; B.V.K.S. Potukuchi; J. Pouryamout; K. Poźniak; A. Prakash; M. Prokudin; I. Pshenichnov; M. Pugach; V. Pugatch; S. Querchfeld; L. Radulescu; S. Raha; W. Raja; F. Rami; R. Raniwala; S. Raniwala; A. Raportirenko; J. Rautenberg; J. Rauza; R. Ray; S. Razin; P. Reichelt; S. Reinecke; A. Reshetin; C. Ristea; O. Ristea; F. Roether; R. Romaniuk; A. Rost; E. Rostchin; I. Rostovtseva; A. Roy; J. Rozynek; Yu. Ryabov; V. Rykalin; A. Sadovsky; S. Sadovsky; R. Sahoo; P.K. Sahu; J. Saini; S. Samanta; S.S. Sambyal; V. Samsonov; J. Sánchez Rosado; S. Sau; V. Saveliev; S. Schatral; C. Schiaua; C.J. Schmidt; H.R. Schmidt; K. Schmidt; K. Schweda; A. Scurtu; F. Seck; S. Seddiki; I. Selyuzhenkov; A. Semennikov; A. Senger; P. Senger; A. Shabunov; Ming Shao; M.K. Sharma; N. Shumeiko; V. Shumikhin; B. Sikora; A. Simakov; C. Simon; C. Simons; R.N. Singaraju; A.K. Singh; B.K. Singh; C.P. Singh; V. Singhal; K. Siwek-Wilczyńska; L. Škoda; I. Skwira-Chalot; I. Som; Jihye Song; I. Sorokin; Z. Sosin; D. Soyk; P. Staszel; A. Stavinskiy; E. Stephan; D. Storozhyk; M. Strikhanov; S. Strohauer; J. Stroth; C. Sturm; R. Sultanov; Yongjie Sun; O. Svoboda; R. Szczygieł; R. Talukdar; Zebo Tang; M. Tanha; J. Tarasiuk; O. Tarassenkova; M.-G. Târzilă; V. Tiflov; T. Tischler; P. Tlustý; A. Toia; T. Tolyhi; N. Topil'skaya; C. Trageser; P. Trivedy; I. Tsakov; Yu. Tsyupa; A. Turowiecki; F. Uhlig; E. Usenko; I. Valin; T. Vasiliev; I. Vassiliev; E. Verbitskaya; W. Verhoeven; A. Veshikov; R. Visinka; Y.P. Viyogi; S. Volkov; Yu. Volkov; A. Vorobiev; A. Voronin; V. Vovchenko; E. Vznuzdaev; M. Vznuzdaev; Dong Wang; Yaping Wang; Wang Yi; C. Wendisch; J.P. Wessels; M. Wiebusch; J. Wiechula; B. Wiedemann; D. Wielanek; A. Wieloch; N. Winckler; M. Winter; K. Wiśniewski; D. Wohlfeld; Gy. Wolf; Won Sanguk; J. Wüstenfeld; Changzhou Xiang; Xu Nu; Jun-Gyu Yi; Zhongbao Yin; In-Kwon Yoo; Qian Yue; B. Yuldashev; I. Yushmanov; W. Zabołotny; Yu. Zaitsev; Yu. Zanevsky; M. Zhalov; Ya Peng Zhang; Yifei Zhang; Daicui Zhou; Xianglei Zhu; A. Zinchenko; W. Zipper; M. Zoładź; P. Zrelov; V. Zryuev; P. Zumbruch; M. Zyzak
[No abstract available]
Effect of cooling rate on structure and properties of an ultra low carbon HSLA steel
(2005) S. Das; A. Ghosh; S. Chatterjee; P. Ramachandra Rao
An ultra low carbon steel was subjected to two stages of forging operation and subsequently cooled at different cooling rates from the same finish forging temperature. Variation in microstructures and corresponding mechanical properties at different cooling rates were studied Microstructure obtained at the cooling rates of 35°C/s and 1.15°C/s was mainly bainitic ferrite along with granular shaped highly dislocated ferrite. Higher strength values were obtained due to highly dislocated bainitic ferrite along with fine microalloying carbide and carbonitride precipitates. The cooling rate of 0.68°C/s engenders polygonal / quasi polygonal ferrite along with a few coarse ferrite laths and the strength value drops due to formation of less dislocated polygonal ferrite. High impact toughness values at ambient and sub-ambient temperatures were obtained.
Effect of SiCp addition on age-hardening of aluminium composite and closed cell aluminium composite foam
(2007) V. Rajput; D.P. Mondal; S. Das; N. Ramakrishnan; A.K. Jha
The age hardening behavior of solid Al-alloy-SiCp composite and closed cell Al-alloy-SiCp composite cellular materials has been examined and compared. The peak aging period of these materials were also compared with that of the solid unreinforced alloy. The effect of SiCp content on the peak aging time has been examined. It was found that the composite aged faster than the alloy irrespective of SiCp content, wherein peak aging time was invariant to SiCp content. On the other hand, while the closed cell composite foam reached a peak aged condition faster than the alloy when SiCp content was less than 10 wt%, further increases in SiCp content delayed the age-hardening kinetics. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2007.
Evidence of antimagnetic rotational motion in Pd 103
(American Physical Society, 2021) A. Sharma; R. Raut; S. Muralithar; R.P. Singh; S.S. Bhattacharjee; S. Das; S. Samanta; S.S. Ghugre; R. Palit; S. Jehangir; N. Rather; G.H. Bhat; J.A. Sheikh; S.S. Tiwary; Neelam; P.V. Madhusudhana Rao; U. Garg; S.K. Dhiman
Lifetime measurements have been carried out for the levels of the negative parity yrast sequence in Pd103 nucleus using the Doppler shift attenuation method. The levels were populated via Zr94(C13, 4nγ)Pd103 fusion-evaporation reaction at a beam energy of 55 MeV. De-exciting γ rays were detected by utilizing the Indian National Gamma Array. The extracted transition probabilities and other auxiliary observations indicate that the sequence may be resulting from the antimagnetic rotational (AMR) motion of valence nucleons. The key characteristic feature of the AMR motion is the steady decrease of the B(E2) transition probability with spin, which is seen in the present measured transitions for Pd103. The experimental results are compared with the theoretical predictions of tilted axis cranked approach based on the covariant density functional theory. It is noted that the properties of the AMR band structure for Pd103 predicted in this model analysis are in good agreement with the present experimental findings. Further, semi-classical particle-rotor model has been employed to substantiate the AMR interpretation of the observed band structure in Pd103 and it is shown that results are similar to the band structures observed in the neighboring isotopes, which have also been considered as candidates for AMR motion. © 2021 American Physical Society.
Global Dissipativity for Quaternion Valued Inertial Neural Networks With Unbounded Time-Varying Delays
(John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2025) Sunny Singh; S. Das; Jinde Cao
In this article, the authors investigate the global and exponential dissipativity of quaternion-valued inertial neural networks (QVINNs) with mixed time-varying delays, without utilizing order reduction of inertial neural networks (INNs) and quaternion separation methods. Using innovative Lyapunov functional and inequality techniques, several fruitful sufficient criteria with multi-parameters are derived for QVINNs to ensure global dissipativity (GD), which generalizes and refines existing results. This article estimates the attractive sets and exponentially attractive sets globally. Unlike previous studies in which quaternion-valued neural networks (QVNNs) are separated into real-valued neural networks (RVNNs) and INNs are reduced into first-order systems, the foundation of this article rests upon approaches that diverge from the traditional methods of separation and order reduction. Unlike existing results on the GD of traditional neural networks (NNs) with bounded discrete time delays, this article focuses on INNs with unbounded discrete time-varying delays, which is more realistic because neurons consider their entire past rather than partial history within bounded time delays. In general, in exponential stability, synchronization, and dissipativity results, researchers typically impose an upper bound on the rate of convergence (Formula presented.), but in the present article, the authors investigate dissipativity criteria without such a restriction on the convergence rate in global exponential dissipativity (GED). Finally, to demonstrate the efficiency of our theoretical work, three consecutive examples are proposed to illustrate the effectiveness of the obtained results. The first two examples verify the proposed results, and the third one, related to QVNNs, redemonstrates the efficiency of storing true color image patterns. © 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Growth associated polyhydroxybutyrate production by the novel Zobellellae tiwanensis strain DD5 from banana peels under submerged fermentation
(Elsevier B.V., 2020) S. Maity; S. Das; S. Mohapatra; A.D. Tripathi; J. Akthar; S. Pati; S. Pattnaik; D.P. Samantaray
In view of environmental pollution by fossil fuel-based plastics, it has become imperative to find out an alternative biodegradable plastic for sustainability. In this context, polyhydroxy butyrate (PHB) production was carried out by the Zobellella sp. DD5 using inexpensive banana peels as the carbon source. Under optimized condition, 1.13 g/L (47.3%) of PHB was produced by the bacteria in growth associated mechanism. The C[dbnd]O group of PHB was detected from the high intense absorption band (1719 cm−1) of FTIR spectroscopic analysis. NMR and GC–MS results are also identical with the chemical shift signal CH, CH2 and CH3 group of PHB. The PHB is crystalline in nature and degree of crystallinity (Xc) - 34.38%, melting temperature (Tm) - 169 °C, thermal decomposition temperature (Td) - 248 °C as detected by XRD and DTA respectively. Rough surface morphology of PHB film was validated by AFM and SEM imaging that improves biodegradability of the PHB. The Young's modulus, tensile strength and elongation at break depicted hard and brittle nature of PHB. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) confirmed cytocompatibility of PHB at 500 μg/mL in human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cell line. The non-cytotoxic PHB can be used for various biomedical and agricultural applications in future. © 2020
How extensive are yield declines in long-term rice-wheat experiments in Asia?
(2003) J.K. Ladha; D. Dawe; H. Pathak; A.T. Padre; R.L. Yadav; Bijay Singh; Yadvinder Singh; Y. Singh; P. Singh; A.L. Kundu; R. Sakal; N. Ram; A.P. Regmi; S.K. Gami; A.L. Bhandari; R. Amin; C.R. Yadav; E.M. Bhattarai; S. Das; H.P. Aggarwal; R.K. Gupta; P.R. Hobbs
The rice-wheat cropping system, occupying 24 million hectares of the productive area in South Asia and China, is important for food security. Monitoring long-term changes in crop yields and identifying the factors associated with such changes are essential to maintain and/or improve crop productivity. Long-term experiments (LTE) provide these opportunities. We analyzed 33 rice-wheat LTE in the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) of South Asia, non-IGP in India, and China to investigate the extent of yield stagnation or decline and identify possible causes of yield decline. In treatments where recommended rates of N, P and K were applied, yields of rice and wheat stagnated in 72 and 85% of the LTE, respectively, while 22 and 6% of the LTE showed a significant (P < 0.05) declining trend for rice and wheat yields, respectively. In the rice-wheat system, particularly in the IGP, rice yields are declining more rapidly than wheat. The causes of yield decline are mostly location-specific but depletion of soil K seems to be a general cause. In over 90% of the LTE, the fertilizer K rates used were not sufficient to sustain a neutral K input-output balance. Depletion of soil C, N and Zn and reduced availability of P, delays in planting, decreases in solar radiation and increases in minimum temperatures are the other potential causes of yield decline. A more efficient, integrated strategy with detailed data collection is required to identify the specific causes of yield decline. Constant monitoring of LTEs and analysis of the data using improved statistical and simulation tools should be done to unravel the cause-effect relationships of productivity and sustainability of rice-wheat systems. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Identification of new donors for spot blotch resistance in cultivated wheat germplasm
(Cereal Research Non-Profit Company, 2018) J. Kumari; S. Kumar; N. Singh; S.S. Vaish; S. Das; A. Gupta; J.C. Rana
One thousand four hundred and eighty three spring wheat germplasm (Triticum aestivum L.) lines comprising Indian as well as exotic lines were screened for resistance to spot blotch disease during winter 2014-15 at hot spot locations i.e., Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi and Uttar Banga Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Cooch Behar. Severity of the disease at different stages beginning from tillering to dough stage was recorded. Location Severity Index (LSI) of Varanasi was higher than Cooch Behar. Twenty eight accessions were resistant or highly resistant at both locations. These 28 accessions were validated during the winter season (2015–2016). These germplasm were also evaluated at four environments for agronomic traits. Out of 28 accessions, seven (IC564121, IC529684, IC443669, IC443652, IC529962, IC548325 and EC178071-331) were highly resistant across the locations and over the years of study. These accessions comprised one exotic and six indigenous accessions belonging to Uttarakhand and Haryana. Two lines (IC529962 and IC443652) had higher yield than the best check at all the locations. These lines showing highly resistant reaction alongwith wider adaptability can be expedited for direct cultivation or for the development of high yielding and disease resistant cultivars. These lines can also be used for identification of novel resistance gene using allele mining tools and their deployment for the development of spot blotch resistant cultivars. © 2018 Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest.
Impact of climate induced hypoxia on calcifying biota in the Arabian Sea: An evaluation from the micropaleontological records of the Indian margin
(2011) A.D. Singh; S. Das; K. Verma
High biological productivity combined with the poor ventilation produces severe oxygen depletion (hypoxia) in upper intermediate waters of the Arabian Sea. The naturally developed Arabian Sea oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) is one of the most pronounced low oxygen ocean environments known today. The OMZ impinges the Indian margin where oxygen concentration reaches values less than 0.05 ml/l leading denitrification. In recent studies, it has been observed that the OMZ strength has varied considerably in the past, in tune with the global climate change. But the effect of changes in natural mid-water hypoxic environment on the marine biota particularly of the eastern Arabian Sea is unknown. Here, we analyzed 30,000 yr record of temporal changes in two major groups of marine calcifying microfauna pteropods secreting aragonitic shells and foraminifera secreting calcitic shells in terms of abundance and diversity variations. This study will provide an insight into our understanding of potential impact of rising atmospheric CO 2 on marine ecosystem.
In vivo intestinal transport of D-glucose and D-xylose in vinblastine treated rats
(1979) O. Prakash; S. Das; R.K. Sharma; J. Nagchaudhuri
Vinblastine sulfate is known to arrest the cellular mitosis of the crypts of Lieberkuhn leading thereby to alteration in mucosal morphology. A study was undertaken to observe whether such drug-induced altered mucosal morphology has any bearing on the intestinal transport of sugars. The mucosal morphology of small intestine of rats was therefore altered to various degrees by four hourly injections of vinblastine sulfate (1.0 mg/kg body weight, ip). The intestinal transport of D-glucose and D-xylose was studied in these animals by an in vivo sac technique. The transport rate of these sugars did not deviate appreciably in animals treated for 4 to 8 hr. On further prolongation of vinblastine treatment, however, a significant reduction in the transport rate of D-glucose and D-xylose was observed. The intestinal transport systems for both the monosaccharides were affected identically. This decreased transport rate has been explained on the basis of altered mucosal morphology of small intestine.
On M-polynomial and associated topological descriptors of subdivided Hex-derived network of type three; [О M-полиномиальных и связанных с ними топологических дескрипторах подразделенной сотовой сети третьего типа]
(Institute of Computational Technologies SB RAS, 2022) S. Das; S. Rai
Topological indices have the numerical worth that usually describes the numerous properties of molecular graphs, such as physical, chemical, biological, etc. At the present time, it is very prevalent to calculate various degree-based topological indices by using the M-polynomial. Hex-derived networks are used extensively in the field of pharmaceutics, telecommunications networks, and electronics. In the current study, we construct the subdivided Hex-derived network of third type of dimension n and obtain its corresponding M-polynomial. Further, we calculate the degree-based topological indices of the above network by using their direct formulas and alternatively from the exact expression of the M-polynomial. In addition, we sketch the M-polynomial and the related topological indices for different values of n. The attained results can set a foundation to explore further into subdivided Hex-derived networks, their properties and appliances. © FRC ICT, 2022.
On two-stepwise irregular graphs
(Sharif University of Technology, 2023) S. Das; U. Mishra; S. Rai
A graph $G$ is called irregular if the degrees of all its vertices are not the same. A graph is said to be \textit{Stepwise Irregular} (SI) if the difference of the degrees of any two adjacent vertices is always 1 (one). This paper deals with \textit{2-Stepwise Irregular} (2-SI) graphs in which the degrees of every pair of adjacent vertices differ by 2. Here we discuss some properties of 2-SI graphs and generalize them for $k$-SI graphs for which the imbalance of every edge is $k$. Besides, we also compute bounds of irregularity for the Albertson index in any 2-SI graph. © 2023 Sharif University of Technology. All rights reserved.
Prevalence, years lived with disability, and trends in anaemia burden by severity and cause, 1990–2021: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023) W.M. Gardner; C. Razo; T.A. McHugh; H. Hagins; V.M. Vilchis-Tella; C. Hennessy; H.J. Taylor; N. Perumal; K. Fuller; K.M. Cercy; L.Z. Zoeckler; C.S. Chen; S.S. Lim; A.Y. Aravkin; M.B. Arndt; J.D. Bishai; K. Burkart; E. Chung; X. Dai; L. Dandona; R. Dandona; S.D. Dharmaratne; M.A. Dirac; S.B. Ewald; R. Fitzgerald; M. Hassen; T. Mestrovic; A.H. Mokdad; H. Nassereldine; B.V. Pickering; R.J.D. Sorensen; J.D. Stanaway; P. Zheng; S.I. Hay; C.J.L. Murray; N.J. Kassebaum; A. Misganaw; A. Aali; M. Ghasemi Nour; A. Sahebkar; K.H. Abate; U. Gerema; A.T.T. Gizaw; S. Abd-Elsalam; A.M. Abdurehman; D.B. Enyew; B. Gebremichael; A.D. Kebede; H.A. Meresa; F. Weldegebreal; G. Abebe; Y.D. Abtew; T.K. Kanko; F.W. Demisse; B.T. Dora; E. Yisihak; S. Demissie; Y.H. Gebremariam; G.A. Wubetie; M. Woldemariam; H. Abidi; M. Zoladl; R.G. Aboagye; R.K. Alhassan; M. Immurana; H. Amu; E.E. Tarkang; H. Abolhassani; S. Alvand; S. Azadnajafabad; M. Azangou-Khyavy; S. Ghamari; M. Keykhaei; S. Momtazmanesh; S. Rahmani; M. Rashidi; N. Rezaei; K. Hosseini; E. Mahmoudi; S. Rashedi; F. Kompani; E. Malakan Rad; S. Masoudi; A. Sima; A. Nowroozi; M. Shafeghat; P. Shobeiri; F. Yazdanpanah; G.B. Aboye; M.M.K. Accrombessi; S. Shivalli; D.E. Adane; T.D. Adane; P. Vart; I.Y. Addo; V.R. Keshri; X. Xu; M.A. Adesina; I.I. Olufadewa; M. Ekholuenetale; A.F. Fagbamigbe; K.R. Fowobaje; S.E. Ibitoye; O.S. Ilesanmi; M.O. Owolabi; D.A. Adeyinka; Q.E.S. Adnani; M.S. Afzal; I. Ullah; N. Khalid; S. Afzal; R. Agustina; B.O. Ahinkorah; A. Ahmad; G. Mustafa; S. Ahmad; S. Ahmadi; M. Ajami; S. Doaei; M. Gholamalizadeh; E. Jamshidi; S. Sabour; M. Taheri; M. Zahir; A. Ahmed; T. Ahmed Rashid; W. Aiman; H. Akbarialiabad; A. Bashiri; Z. Zareshahrabadi; F. Alahdab; Z. Al-Aly; N. Alam; A. Alemayehu; M. Ali; S. Almustanyir; R.M. Al-Raddadi; Z.S. Natto; R.H. Al-Rifai; I. Elbarazi; M.A. Khan; K.A. Altirkawi; M. Temsah; Y.S.A. Amer; G.M.T. ElGohary; N. Alvis-Guzman; E.K. Ameyaw; T.F. Anagaw; M.B. Asresie; A.A. Awoke; D.G. Demsie; A.Y. Berhie; G.W. Dagnew; H.A. Guadie; R. Ancuceanu; M. Hostiuc; S. Hostiuc; I. Negoi; R.I. Negoi; A. Anoushirvani; S. Tabaeian; J. Arabloo; M. Dodangeh; D. Moosavi; A. Kabir; M. Noori; A. Tiyuri; M. Antwi; D. Anvari; S. Shorofi; H. Ariffin; T. Aripov; A.O. Oladunjoye; A. Arja; S.M. Legesse; B. Wagaye; J. Arulappan; R.T. Aruleba; T. Ashraf; A.A. Baig; A. Hanif; S. Athari; D. Atlaw; A. Aujayeb; M.A. Awoke; R. Holla; M.D. Janodia; M. Rahman; C.R. Rao; A. Badawi; Z.A. Bhutta; A.D. Badiye; N. Baghcheghi; N. Bagheri; S. Bagherieh; A. Fatehizadeh; M. Banach; P.C. Banik; A.T. Bantie; R.D. Barr; O.P. Kurmi; A.T. Olagunju; A. Barrow; S. Basu; A.M. Batiha; T. Begum; M. Moni; S.M. Billah; S.J. Hossain; M. Siraj; M. Tariqujjaman; M.A. Belete; F.M. Hussien; L. Belo; N. Cruz-Martins; I.M. Bensenor; A.C. Goulart; I.S. Santos; A.S. Bhagavathula; N. Bhardwaj; P. Bhardwaj; S. Misra; S. Singh; S.B. Varthya; A.N. Bhat; A. Boloor; H.L. Dsouza; J. Padubidri; B.K. Shetty; P.H. Shetty; N. Joseph; N. Kumar; R. Thapar; A. Shetty; B. Unnikrishnan; J.K. Das; Z.S. Lassi; B. Bikbov; S. Islam; H. Kandel; K. Nuruzzaman; S. Birara; S. Bitaraf; S. Sadeghian; J.S. Botelho; D. Calina; F. Cembranel; P.A. Chakraborty; G.S. Chanie; G. Dessie; M. Diress; Y. Gela; H.B. Eshetu; M.M. Sharew; W. Simegn; V. Chattu; J. Chien; I.S. Chukwu; M.H. Criqui; O. Dadras; H.A. Danawi; H. Kaur; A. Pandey; V.K. Kamal; A.M. Darwesh; M. Hosseinzadeh; A. Omar Bali; S. Das; V. De La Cruz-Góngora; F. Mejia-Rodriguez; H.D. Desai; M. Desalegn; B.R. Feyisa; G. Fekadu; F.N. Dessalegn; M. Dhimal; U. Paudel; S. Dhingra; D. Diaz; M. Didehdar; M. Golitaleb; M. Harorani; P.N. Doku; D. Dongarwar; H.A. Edinur; A.E.M. Elagali; M.A. Elbahnasawy; A.I. Hasaballah; A.M. Samy; M. Elhadi; W. El-Huneidi; B. Saddik; M.A. Elmonem; R. Ezzeddini; A. Mosapour; L. Zaki; S. Gaihre; A.O. Fasanmi; P. Ram; P.S. Suchdev; M.F. Young; J. Huang; F. Fischer; M. Foroutan; M.A. Gadanya; A.M. Gaidhane; Z. Quazi Syed; A. Gaipov; Y. Galali; D.K. Mohammad; N. Galehdar; P. Garg; M. Mirza; P. Singh; M. Verma; T. Garg; K.B. Gebremedhin; Z. Tamir; L. Getacher; G.B. Mulu; S.S. Yehualashet; K. Ghaffari; M. Ghafourifard; H. Hassankhani; M. Hosseini; A. Mahmoodpoor; M. Mirghafourvand; M. Rahimi; A. Ghashghaee; R. Kalhor; S. Ghozy; J.C. Glasbey; M. Golechha; P. Goleij; G.G. Goyomsa; M.I.M. Gubari; Z. Gudisa; D.A. Gunawardane; R. Gupta; I. Yunusa; S. Gupta; V.K. Gupta; A. Guta; Y. Solomon; A.A. Umer; P. Habibzadeh; S. Hamidi; A.J. Handal; M. Hannan; H. Harapan; M. Hasan; H. Hasani; K. Hayat; G. Heidari; S.Y. Hess; D.Z. Heyi; K. Hezam; Y. Hiraike; L.G. Vu; S. Hussain; I.M. Ilic; L.R. Inbaraj; N. Ismail; L.J. Bds; G. Kumar; D.K. Lal; U. Jayarajah; S. Jayaram; R. Jebai; B. Jemal; T. Muche; B. Seboka; G.A. Zenebe; A. Jeyakumar; R.P. Jha; J.B. Jonas; J.J. Jozwiak; L.R. Kalankesh; I.M. Karaye; F.Z. Kashoo; P.D. Katoto; J.H. Kauppila; A. Pathak; G.A. Kayode; Y.S. Khader; H. Khajuria; B.P. Nayak; M. Shannawaz; M. Khammarnia; H. Okati-Aliabad; I.A. Khan; K. Khatab; Z. Khazaei; M. Taheri Soodejani; J. Khubchandani; Y. Kim; R.W. Kimokoti; S. Kisa; S. Kosen; S. Koulmane Laxminarayana; K. Krishan; B. Kuate Defo; M. Kuddus; O. Kuti; I. Landires; A.O. Larsson; K. Latief; A. Laxmaiah; C. Ledda; M. Vacante; M. Veroux; S. Lee; X. Liu; I. Qattea; S. Sankararaman; L. Lorenzovici; V.S. Machado; J. Mendes; P.B. Mahajan; S. Mahjoub; T. Mallhi; D.C. Malta; S. Masoumi; J.C. Medina; W. Mendoza; O. Mendoza-Cano; A.A. Mentis; T. Miazgowski; A. Mirica; I. Petcu; S. Mohammadi; S. Mohammed; M.B. Sufiyan; S. Mohan; M. Shanawaz; N. Moka; L. Monasta; E. Mostafavi; F. Mulita; A. Musina; A.J. Nagarajan; T.S. Nair; S. Narasimha Swamy; P.M.S. Pradhan; S. Naz; R.Z. Raza; G. Nguefack-Tsague; J.W. Ngunjiri; R.K. Niazi; D. Nurrika; O.J. Nzoputam; B. Oancea; R.M. Obaidur; M.S. Obsa; Y. Sisay; J.N. Odhiambo; R.E. Ogunsakin; O.C. Okonji; O.O. Oladunjoye; A.E.E. Omonisi; A. Ortiz; R. Pakzad; T. Palicz; A. Pandya; P. Papadopoulou; S. Pardhan; J. Patel; A.R. Pathan; R. Paudel; S. Pawar; G. Pereira; N. Perico; G. Remuzzi; S. Perna; N. Perumalsamy; Z.Z. Piracha; R.C.G. Pollok; A. Prashant; F. Rahim; A. Rahman; A. Rahmani; R. Rai; I. Raimondo; S. Rajaa; J. Rana; M.A. Ranjha; S. Rao; S. Rawaf; L. Rawal; E.M.M. Redwan; M. Rezaei; T. Richards; J. Rickard; J.A.B. Rodriguez; L. Roever; G. Roshandel; A. Tahamtan; B. Roy; G.M. Rwegerera; A.M.A. Saad; M. Sadeghi; U. Saeed; H. Sahoo; M.R. Salem; R. Santoro; M. Satpathy; G. Saya; A.M. Senbeta; S. Senthilkumaran; A. Seylani; P.A. Shah; M.A. Shaikh; P. Sharma; R. Sheikhi; S.M. Shenoy; J.K. Shetty; J. Shin; V. Shivarov; M.K. Sikder; D. Vervoort; J.A. Singh; N.P. Singh; A.A. Skryabina; Y. Song; S. Sultana; M.D. Szeto; K. Tan; N.Y. Tat; Y.M. Tefera; A. Thiyagarajan; J.H.V. Ticoalu; B.M. Tigabu; R. Tobe-Gai; M.R. Tovani-Palone; M.T.N. Tran; B.S. Tusa; S. Valadan Tahbaz; P.R. Valdez; S. Vaziri; K. Yari; N.D. Wickramasinghe; T.E. Wonde; A. Yigit; V. Yiǧit; D. Yon; N. Yonemoto; C. Yu; Z. Zhang; B.A. Zaman; N. Zamora; I. Zare; M. Moradi
Background: Anaemia is a major health problem worldwide. Global estimates of anaemia burden are crucial for developing appropriate interventions to meet current international targets for disease mitigation. We describe the prevalence, years lived with disability, and trends of anaemia and its underlying causes in 204 countries and territories. Methods: We estimated population-level distributions of haemoglobin concentration by age and sex for each location from 1990 to 2021. We then calculated anaemia burden by severity and associated years lived with disability (YLDs). With data on prevalence of the causes of anaemia and associated cause-specific shifts in haemoglobin concentrations, we modelled the proportion of anaemia attributed to 37 underlying causes for all locations, years, and demographics in the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Findings: In 2021, the global prevalence of anaemia across all ages was 24·3% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 23·9–24·7), corresponding to 1·92 billion (1·89–1·95) prevalent cases, compared with a prevalence of 28·2% (27·8–28·5) and 1·50 billion (1·48–1·52) prevalent cases in 1990. Large variations were observed in anaemia burden by age, sex, and geography, with children younger than 5 years, women, and countries in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia being particularly affected. Anaemia caused 52·0 million (35·1–75·1) YLDs in 2021, and the YLD rate due to anaemia declined with increasing Socio-demographic Index. The most common causes of anaemia YLDs in 2021 were dietary iron deficiency (cause-specific anaemia YLD rate per 100 000 population: 422·4 [95% UI 286·1–612·9]), haemoglobinopathies and haemolytic anaemias (89·0 [58·2–123·7]), and other neglected tropical diseases (36·3 [24·4–52·8]), collectively accounting for 84·7% (84·1–85·2) of anaemia YLDs. Interpretation: Anaemia remains a substantial global health challenge, with persistent disparities according to age, sex, and geography. Estimates of cause-specific anaemia burden can be used to design locally relevant health interventions aimed at improving anaemia management and prevention. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license
Recent analytical techniques in detection of poisons in lab
(Medico-Legal Update, 2009) R.K. Chaturvedi; S. Das; K. Animesh; M. Pathak
Acute poisoning, a common clinical emergency, is one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Whole range of complex poisons like medicines, occupational poisons, house hold poisons, chemical poisons in the form of pesticide used in farming, affect the population. Death may be either suicidal, accidental or homicidal. Sometimes people may die due to overdose of drug or even therapeutic dose of drug may end the valuable life. Usually doctors manage these patients on the basis of presumptive diagnosis that may be based on patients' relative statement or some circumstantial evidences of the event that took place. So this is very difficult for a doctor to predict and make specific management plan in accordance with poisons and drugs what the person has consumed? Toxicological detection by various analytical methods would be reliable in these cases. Analytical support is often necessary to confirm the diagnosis and management of poisoning cases1. Analytical toxicologist will play an important role in diagnosis of specific poisons and management of these patients. Only toxicologist who knows the basic skill in clinical domain and knowledge of different analytical methods of detection of specific poisons and drugs can help hospital wing for predicting the prognosis of the patients.
Recent analytical techniques in detection of poisons in Lab - Review
(Medico-Legal Update, 2009) R.K. Chaturvedi; S. Das; K. Animesh; M. Pathak
The practical applicability of these techniques are not only limited to detection of poisons and drugs in patient, but has broader domain then these. We can apply same techniques in monitoring purity of drugs & medicine supplied by Pharmaceuticals Company to hospital. If is there any adulteration, then up to what percent it has been adulterated or what is the real constituents of drug (i.e. drug monitoring)? Second role is in environmental toxicology- like detection of heavy metal like arsenic, mercury, lead etc. in drinking water, soils, flora and fauna of that place, and whether food and water resources for us, are free from toxic substances or not ? So, Analytical toxicologist can help in many ways to our society and help in keeping us free from poisons or drugs hazards.
The CBM Collaboration
(Elsevier B.V., 2013) A. Abuhoza; J. Adamczewski-Musch; M.M. Aggarwal; Z. Ahammed; F. Ahmad; N. Ahmad; S. Ahmad; A. Akindinov; P. Akishin; E. Akishina; T. Akishina; V. Akishina; M. Al-Turany; S. Amar-Youcef; M. Andelic; C. Andrei; A. Andronic; Yu. Anisimov; H. Appelshäuser; A. Arend; D. Argintaru; T. Armbruster; E. Atkin; S. Avdeyev; M.D. Azmi; V. Baban; M. Bach; E. Badura; S. Baginyan; T. Balog; S. Bandyopadhyay; P. Banerjee; N. Baranova; D. Bartos; S. Bashir; Z. Basrak; M. Baszczyk; O. Batenkov; V. Baublis; C. Baumann; K.-H. Becker; T. Bel; S. Belogurov; I. Berceanu; E. Berdermann; A. Berdnikov; Y. Berdnikov; R. Berendes; C. Bergmann; D. Bertini; C. Besliu; O. Bezshyyko; P.P. Bhaduri; A. Bhasin; A.K. Bhati; B. Bhattacharjee; A. Bhattacharyya; T.K. Bhattacharyya; S. Biswas; D. Blau; C. Blume; Yu. Bocharov; S. Böttger; M. Borysova; B. Bozsogi; T. Breitner; U. Brüning; J. Brzychczyk; A. Bubak; A. Bychkov; Xu Cai; M. Cãlin; R. Caplar; G. Caragheorgheopol; I. Carevic; V. Catanescu; A. Chakrabarti; S. Chatterji; Sanatan Chattopadhyay; Subhasis Chattopadhyay; Hongfang Chen; Jianping Cheng; V. Chepurnov; S. Chernenko; A. Chernogorov; M.I. Ciobanu; G. Claus; F. Constantin; V. Covlea; M. Csanád; N. D’ascenzo; S. Das; K. Davkov; V. Davkov; J. de Cuveland; B. Debnath; Zhi Deng; H. Deppe; I. Deppner; O. Derenovskaya; M. Deveaux; K. Dey; M. Dey; P. Dillenseger; V. Dobyrn; D. Doering; M. Domachowski; A. Dorokhov; C.A. Dritsa; A.K. Dubey; S. Dubnichka; A. Dubnichkova; W. Dulinski; M. Dželalija; D. Emschermann; H. Engel; V. Eremin; T. Esanu; J. Eschke; O. Fateev; P. Fischer; H. Flemming; U. Frankenfeld; V. Friese; I. Fröhlich; J. Frühauf; Á. Fülöp; J. Gajda; T. Galatyuk; A. Galkin; V. Galkin; G. Gangopadhyay; M.S. Ganti; C. García Chávez; I. Gašparic; J. Gebelein; P. Ghosh; S.K. Ghosh; M. Goffe; V. Golovatyuk; S. Golovnya; V. Golovtsov; M. Golubeva; D. Golubkov; S. Gorbunov; D. Gottschalk; P. Grybos; A. Grzeszczuk; F. Guber; A. Gupta; Yu. Gusakov; A. Haldar; S. Haldar; M. Hartig; J. Hehner; K. Heidel; N. Heine; A. Herghelegiu; N. Herrmann; B. Heß; J.M. Heuser; A. Himmi; C. Höhne; R. Holzmann; Guangming Huang; J. Hutsch; D. Hutter; A. Ierusalimov; E.-M. Ilgenfritz; M. Irfan; Valery Ivanov; Victor Ivanov; Vladimir Ivanov; A. Ivashkin; K. Jaaskelainen; V. Jakovlev; T. Janson; A. Jipa; I. Kadenko; B. Kämpfer; S. Kalcher; V. Kalinin; K.-H. Kampert; Tae Im Kang; E. Kaptur; R. Karabowicz; O. Karavichev; T. Karavicheva; D. Karmanov; V. Karnaukhov; E. Karpechev; K. Kasinski; M. Kaur; A. Kazantsev; U. Kebschull; G. Kekelidze; M.M. Khan; S.A. Khan; A. Khanzadeev; F. Khasanov; V. Kirakosyan; M. Kirejczyk; M. Kiš; I. Kisel; P. Kisel; S. Kiselev; A. Kiss; T. Kiss; R. Kleczek; Ch. Klein-Bösing; V. Kleipa; K. Koch; L. Kochenda; P. Koczon; B. Kolb; B. Komkov; J.M. Kopfer; M. Korolev; I. Korolko; R. Kotte; A. Kotynia; A. Kovalchuk; S. Kowalski; M. Koziel; G. Kozlov; P. Kravtsov; C. Kreidl; D. Kresan; M. Kretz; M. Krieger; E. Kryshen; W. Kucewicz; L. Kudin; A. Kugler; I. Kulakov; J. Kunkel; A. Kurepin; V. Kyva; V. Ladygin; C. Lara; P. Larionov; A. Laso Garcia; E. Lavrik; I. Lazanu; A. Lebedev; S. Lebedev; E. Lebedeva; J. Lehrbach; F. Lemke; Cheng Li; Jin Li; Qyian Li; Yuanjing Li; Yulan Li; V. Lindenstruth; S. Linev; E. Litvinenko; Feng Liu; I. Lobanov; E. Lobanova; S. Löchner; P.-A. Loizeau; A. Lymanets; A. Maevskaya; S. Mahajan; D.P. Mahapatra; T. Mahmoud; P. Maj; Z. Majka; A. Malakhov; O. Malyatina; H. Malygina; J. Manjavidze; V. Manko; S. Manz; V. Marin; T. Matulewicz; M. Merkin; V. Mialkovski; N. Miftakhov; K. Mikhailov; B. Milanovic; V. Militsija; F. Mir; W.F.J. Müller; C. Müntz; Yu. Murin; L. Naumann; T. Nayak; B. Neumann; W. Niebur; V. Nikulin; M. Nüssle; A. Oancea; Kunsu Oh; Y. Onishchuk; G. Ososkov; D. Ossetski; P. Otfinowski; E. Ovcharenko; Susanta Pal; I. Panasenko; S. Parzhitskiy; C. Pauly; Haiping Peng; I. Peric; D. Peshekhonov; V. Peshekhonov; V. Petrácek; M. Petris; A. Petrovici; M. Petrovici; A. Petrovskiy; O. Petukhov; K. Piasecki; J. Pietraszko; E. Plekhanov; V. Plujko; V. Poliakov; P. Polozov; A. Pop; V. Popov; V. Pospisil; B.V.K.S. Potukuchi; J. Pouryamout; A. Prakash; M. Prokudin; I. Pshenichnov; V. Pugatch; S. Querchfeld; S. Raha; W. Raja; F. Rami; R. Raniwala; S. Raniwala; A. Raportirenko; J. Rautenberg; R. Ray; S. Razin; P. Reichelt; S. Reinecke; A. Reshetin; C. Ristea; O. Ristea; E. Rostchin; I. Rostovtseva; A. Roy; J. Rozynek; Yu. Ryabov; V. Rykalin; A. Sadovsky; S. Sadovsky; P.K. Sahu; J. Saini; S.S. Sambyal; V. Samsonov; J. Sanchez Rosado; V. Saveliev; S. Schatral; C. Schiaua; C.J. Schmidt; H.R. Schmidt; C. Schrader; K. Schweda; A. Scurtu; S. Seddiki; A. Semennikov; A. Senger; P. Senger; A. Shabunov; Ming Shao; M.K. Sharma; V. Shumikhin; B. Sikora; A. Simakov; C. Simon; C. Simons; R.N. Singaraju; A.K. Singh; B.K. Singh; C.P. Singh; V. Singhal; M. Singla; K. Siwek-Wilczynska; L. Škoda; Jihye Song; I. Sorokin; D. Soyk; P. Staszel; A. Stavinskiy; E. Stephan; D. Storozhyk; M. Strikhanov; J. Stroth; C. Sturm; Yongjie Sun; O. Svoboda; R. Szczygiel; R. Talukdar; Zebo Tang; O. Tarassenkova; M. Târzila; V. Tiflov; T. Tischler; P. Tlustý; T. Tolyhi; N. Topil’skaya; C. Trageser; P. Trivedy; I. Tsakov; Yu. Tsyupa; F. Uhlig; E. Usenko; I. Valin; T. Vasiliev; I. Vassiliev; E. Verbitskaya; W. Verhoeven; A. Veshikov; Y. Viyogi; S. Volkov; Yu. Volkov; A. Vorobiev; A. Voronin; E. Vznuzdaev; M. Vznuzdaev; Dong Wang; Yaping Wang; Yi Wang; C. Wendisch; J.P. Wessels; J. Wiechula; B. Wiedemann; M. Winter; K. Wisniewski; D. Wohlfeld; Gy. Wolf; J. Wüstenfeld; Changzhou Xiang; Nu Xu; Jun-Gyu Yi; Zhongbao Yin; In-Kwon Yoo; Qian Yue; I. Yushmanov; Yu. Zaitsev; Yu. Zanevsky; M. Zhalov; Ya Peng Zhang; Yifei Zhang; Daicui Zhou; Xianglei Zhu; A. Zinchenko; W. Zipper; M. Zoladz; P. Zrelov; V. Zryuev; P. Zumbruch; M. Zyzak
[No abstract available]
Trends of climatic potential and on-farm yields of rice and wheat in the Indo-Gangetic Plains
(2003) H. Pathak; J.K. Ladha; P.K. Aggarwal; S. Peng; S. Das; Yadvinder Singh; Bijay Singh; S.K. Kamra; B. Mishra; A.S.R.A.S. Sastri; H.P. Aggarwal; D.K. Das; R.K. Gupta
Rice and wheat are the two most important cereals in the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) and are responsible for the food security of the region. To understand the productivity trends in the transects of the IGP: (1) the climatic potential yields of rice and wheat were simulated using a crop simulation modeling approach and (2) the long-term trends of potential and on-farm yields were compared. The potential yields of rice and wheat in the IGP ranged from 7.7 to 10.7 and 5.2 to 7.9 Mg ha-1, respectively. The upper transects of the IGP are more productive and yield decreases by 27% for rice and by 32% for wheat from transect 2 to transect 5. The rate of change in the potential yield trend of rice from 1985 to 2000 ranged from -0.12 to 0.05 Mg ha-1 per year. Negative yield trends were observed at six of the nine sites, four of which were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The decrease in radiation and increase in minimum temperature were the reasons for the yield decline. The potential yield trend of wheat, however, appeared to be stable. On-farm yields of rice also showed a negative trend but for wheat the trend was mostly positive. The adverse changes in the weather parameters and declining trends of potential and on-farm yields of rice should be taken as an indication of a future problem. Regular on-farm monitoring of crops and climatic factors is urgently needed for predicting problems and allowing measures to be taken to improve productivity. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.