Browsing by Author "S.S. Gambhir"

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A vasoconstrictor action of eserine not related to blockade of cholinesterase
(1979) S.S. Gambhir; P.K. Das
[No abstract available]
Actions of some flavonoids on specific and non-specific immune mechanisms
(Urban und Fischer Verlag Jena, 1996) M.L. Sharma; B. Singh; B.K. Chandan; A. Khajuria; A. Kaul; S. Bani; S.K. Banerjee; S.S. Gambhir
The immunomodulatory activity of some flavonoids on antigen specific humoral and cell mediated immune responses and complement-mediated hemolysis has been investigated and compared with that of levamisole. Flavanone, 6-methoxyflavanone, 7-methoxyflavanone and bavachinin enhanced the sheep erythrocyte (SRBC), induced primary and secondary humoral immune responses in mice, and 6-hydroxyflavanone, 7-hydroxyflavanone and rutin inhibited primary response. Levamisole slighty stimulated the primary and suppressed the secondary response. All the flavonoids tested decreased the manifestation of SRBC induced delayed type hypersensitivity reaction and showed no effect on classical or alternative pathway dependent hemolysis. The studies revealed the significant immunomodulatory potential of these flavonoids, methoxy derivatives having immunostimulatory activity and hydroxy derivatives immunosuppressive properties.
Anti-inflammatory & anti-ulcerogenic activity of amentoflavone
(1987) S.S. Gambhir; R.K. Goel; G. Das Gupta
[No abstract available]
Anti-inflammatory activity of Echinops echinatus
(1989) Bupinder Singh; S.S. Gambhir; V.B. Pandey; V.K. Joshi
Anti-inflammatory studies were conducted on an ethanol extract of Echinops echinatus whole plant. The extract effectively inhibited the acute inflammation induced in rats by carrageenan, formaldehyde and adjuvant and the chronic arthritis induced by formaldehyde and adjuvant. The extract was more effective parenterally than orally. The toxicity studies showed reasonable safety warranting further studies. © 1989.
Anti-inflammatory studies on Polygonum glabrum
(1987) Bhupinder Singh; V.B. Pandey; V.K. Joshi; S.S. Gambhir
Anti-inflammatory studies were conducted on a hot water decoction and on an ethanol extract of the stems of Polygonum glabrum. Effective anti-inflammatory activity was demonstrated against acute carrageenan-induced paw oedema, exudate and granuloma formation in the granuloma pouch test, acute and delayed reactions in formaldehyde arthritis, and acute primary and delayed secondary reactions in adjuvant-induced polyarthritis in albino rats. The acute toxicity in albino mice and 1-month studies on subacute toxicity in rats suggested a good margin of safety. The extract was more effective parenterally than by oral administration. © 1987.
Antispasmodic activity of the tertiary base of Daucus carota, Linn. seeds
(1979) S.S. Gambhir; S.P. Sen; A.K. Sanyal; P.K. Das
[No abstract available]
Biofalvonoids and vasoactive mediator release from mast cells
(1988) G.D. Gupta; S.S. Gambhir
[No abstract available]
Comparative effects of mast cell degranulators on perfused systemic blood vessels of Bufo melanostictus and Rana tigrina
(1992) R.K. Singh; S.S. Gambhir
[No abstract available]
Drug interaction studies on amphibian vasoconstrictor responses to mast cell degranulators
(1980) S.S. Gambhir; P.K. Das
Four chemically different mast cell degranulators, viz. d-tubocurarine, polymyxin-B, compound 48/80 48/80 and polysorbate 80 were found to produce a gradual and prolonged vasoconstriction of perfused frog blood vessels. These drugs showed quick tachyphylaxis and cross-tachyphylaxis to each other, indicating the involvement of some common mediator(s). The mediator of vasoconstrictor responses appeared to be released from the mast cells as shown by a parallel dose-dependent increase in vasoconstrictor response and mast cell degranulation response to compound 48/80. Interactions of these agents with antagonists of adrenergic, cholinergic and histamine receptors and with indomethacin were studied. It was concluded that the mediator involved was not histamine, serotonin, catecholamine or prostaglandin. Cholinergic mechanism, which is vasoconstrictor in the frog, was also not involved.
Dually innervated frog auricles for neuro-effector transmission studies
(1978) S.S. Gambhir; R.M. Tripathi
A simple, reliable, economical and dually innervated preparation has been described for studies on cholinergic or adrenergic transmission. Unatropinised vagus nerve-auricles preparation is suitable for cholinergic transmission studies and atropinised preparation is suitable for adrenergic transmission studies. Its utility for studying guanethidine type of activity has been evaluated. It compared very favourably with other currently available methods.
EFFECTS OF ACETYLCHOLINE AND CARBACHOL ON THE BLOOD VESSELS OF THE FROG
(1970) S.S. Gambhir; P.K. Das
The effects of a few cholinergic agents, especially acetylcholine and carbachol, were studied on the perfused systemic blood vessels of the frog. Nicotine, adrenaline, isoprenaline, papaverine and barium chloride were used as controls. Acetylcholine (ACh) and carbachol (CCh) were found to be potent vasoconstrictors, confirming the report of Rahman [1963] with ACh. The vasoconstrictor action of choline and pilocarpine was much weaker. The ACh action was only partially inhibited by pentolinium, but the actions of ACh as well as CCh remained unaffected by tolazoline, gallamine and d‐tubocurarine. Atropine nearly completely blocked the vasoconstrictor responses of ACh and CCh though the skeletal muscle spasms caused by these choline esters remained unaffected. The results indicate that the nicotinic activity of ACh and CCh did not play any major role in the vasoconstrictor actions in frogs. Decrease in perfusion rate was also not due to spasms of skeletal or non‐vascular smooth muscle. It appeared that the action is chiefly mediated through atropine sensitive receptors. © 1970 The Physiological Society
Giolinergic receptor mechanisms in amphibian vasoconstrictor responses
(1978) S.S. Gambhir; P.K. Das
The four choline esters, namely acetylcholine, carbachol, methacholine and beth- anechol, produced constriction of frog’s perfused systemic blood vessels, acetylcholine and carbachol being more potent than methacholine and bethanechol. Pentolinium and dihydro- ergotamine, in submaxima] receptor-blocking doses, also produced a uniform partial inhibition of all choline esters and other agonists including the direct-acting barium chloride. On the other hand atropine markedly inhibited the responses of the four choline esters without affecting the adrenaline and barium responses. Compound AHR-602, a specific ganglionic muscarinic excitatory receptor stimulant, did not produce any effect in these experiments. Eserine in higher doses produced slight vasoconstriction and markedly potentiated acetylcholine responses, but it inhibited partially those of the other three choline esters without significantly affecting adrenaline and barium responses. The results provide strong evidence in favor of involvement of the postganglionic muscarinic receptors only in vasoconstriction after choline esters. There seems to be a considerable nonspecific inhibitory activity in ganglionic and a-adrenergic blockers in their submaximal receptor-blocking doses. It may be that in frog the adrenergic and nicotinic receptors are not as well differentiated as muscarinic receptors are. The ganglionic muscarinic receptors also seem to be absent in the frog. © 1978 S. Karger AG, Basel.
Histamine in relation to epidemic dropsy glaucoma
(1974) K.S. Mehra; B.B. Prasad; S.S. Gambhir; J.N. Char; R. Singh; P.K. Dass
In 23 cases of epidemic dropsy glaucoma and 17 normal control subjects, histamine levels of both plasma and blood cells and histamine skin sensitivity were measured. It was observed that there was no significant difference in the skin sensitivity to histamine between patients with epidemic dropsy glaucoma and normal subjects, whereas the histamine levels of both plasma and blood cells were significantly higher in patients with epidemic dropsy glaucoma. It is quite probable that the causative factor of glaucoma in these cases is the increased quantity of aqueous formation due to higher concentration of histamine in the blood.
Histamine Liberators and Vasoconstriction in Frog (Rana Tigrina)
(1973) S.S. Gambhir; P.K. Das
[No abstract available]
Histamine skin sensitivity and blood histamine in patients with urticaria
(1967) D.N. Prasad; S.S. Gambhir; Gurmohan Singh; S.K. Bhattacharya; P.K. Das
Twenty eight patients with urticaria and 12 normal subjects were investigated. The patients with urticaria showed a significantly higher blood histamine level (0.285±0.004 μg/ml) and reacted more sharply to histamine iontophoresis (5.64±0.32 points) as compared to normal subjects (0.0825±0.01 μ/ml and 1.33±0.44 points respectively). In patients with urticaria there was a rough relationship between blood histamine level and degree of reaction to histamine iontophoresis. There was no significant change in the total leucocyte, differential leucocyte and absolute eosinophil counts in patients with urticaria except the absence of basophil cells. © 1967 S. Karger AG, Basel.
Immunopharmacological studies on Picrorhiza kurroa royle ex benth part VI: Effect on anaphylactic activation events in rat peritoneal mast cells
(1989) B.L. Pandey; P.K. Das; S.S. Gambhir
[No abstract available]
Innervated Straub's heart: A simple method for adrenergic neurone blocking studies
(1978) H.C. Tripathi; S.S. Gambhir
[No abstract available]
Isolated auricles of frog in pharmacological evaluation of cardioactive drugs
(1977) S.S. Gambhir; R.M. Tripathi
[No abstract available]
Isolation and pharmacological action of epistephanine, an alkaloid of Stephania hernandifolia
(1979) A.B. Ray; S. Chattopadhyay; R.M. Tripathi; S.S. Gambhir; P.K. Das
[No abstract available]
Isolation of amentoflavone from selaginella rupestris and its pharmacological activity on central nervous System, smooth muscles and isolated frog heart preparations
(1981) B.K. Chakravarthy; Y.V. Rao; S.S. Gambhir; K.D. Gode
[No abstract available]