Browsing by Author "Sandeep Bedwal"

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Efficient nutrient management for enhancing crop productivity, quality and nutrient dynamics in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) in the semi-arid region of northern India
(Public Library of Science, 2023) Sandeep Kumar; Surender Kumar Sharma; Anil Kumar Dhaka; Sandeep Bedwal; Seema Sheoran; Ram Swaroop Meena; Chetan Kumar Jangir; Dinesh Kumar; Rakesh Kumar; Ram Dhan Jat; Ajit Kumar Meena; Ahmed Gaber; Akbar Hossain
Various faulty farming practices and low-performance cultivars selection are reducing crop yields, factor productivity, and soil fertility. Therefore, there is an urgent need to achieve better nutrient dynamics and sustainable production by selecting more nutrient-responsive cultivars using efficient nutrient management. The present experiment aimed to enhance crop productivity, seed quality, nutrient efficiency, and soil nutrient dynamics through efficient nutrient management under different lentil cultivars. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design, assigning three cultivars (viz. Sapna, Garima, and HM-1) in the main plots and ten nutrient management practices in the sub-plots, replicating them thrice. Results revealed that cultivar HM-1 recorded significantly higher seed yield (1.59–1.61 Mg ha-1) and the uptake of N (67.2–67.6 kg ha-1), P (6.8–7.0 kg ha-1), K (13.8–13.9 kg ha-1), Zn (60.4–61.1 g ha-1), and Fe (162.5–165.2 g ha-1) in seed compared to Sapna and Garima. Also, the cultivar HM-1 was more efficient in terms of partial factor productivity for NPK (PFP; 24.27–24.59 kg kg-1), partial nutrient balance (PNB; 2.09–2.13 kg kg-1) and internal utilisation efficiency (IUE; 11.64–11.85 kg kg-1). The study showed that the lentil cultivar HM-1 could be successfully grown by substituting 50% RDN with organic manures, i.e., vermicompost, without compromising crop productivity and soil fertility, thereby sustaining soil-human-environment health. © 2023 Kumar et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Integrated Nutrient Management Improves the Productivity and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Lens culinaris Medik
(MDPI, 2022) Sandeep Kumar; Surendra Kumar Sharma; Sanjay Kumar Thakral; Krishan Kumar Bhardwaj; Manoj Kumar Jhariya; Ram Swaroop Meena; Chetan Kumar Jangir; Sandeep Bedwal; Ram Dhan Jat; Ahmed Gaber; Ahmed A. Atta; Akbar Hossain
Enhancing nutrient use efficiencies (NUEs) is an important factor in achieving the longterm sustainability of a production system. Our two-year experiment was aimed at accessing the NUEs of the integration of macro-and micronutrient fertilization responses of three lentil (Lens culinaris) cultivars. Three cultivars were planted in the main plots, and ten nutrient combinations were used in the sub-plots: N1, control; N2, 100% recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) (20:40—N:P2O5); N3, vermicompost (VC) at 2 t ha−1; N4, 50% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) + 100% recommended dose of phosphorus (RDP) + VC at 1 t ha−1; N5, RDF + 0.5% ZnSO4; N6, RDF + 0.5% FeSO4; N7, RDF + 0.5% ZnSO4 + 0.5% FeSO4; N8, 50% RDN + 100% RDP + VC at 1 t ha−1 + 0.5% ZnSO4; N9, 50% RDN + 100% RDP + VC at 1 t ha−1 + 0.5% FeSO4; and N10, 50% RDN + 100% RDP + VC at 1 t ha−1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 + 0.5% FeSO4 . The results show that the cultivar HM-1 (1.59–1.61 Mg ha−1) recorded a significantly higher seed yield than cultivars Sapna (1.31–1.33 Mg ha−1) and Garima (both 1.30 Mg ha−1), while the cultivar Sapna had significantly more stover yield (1.86–1.90 Mg ha−1) than cultivar HM-1 (1.68–1.73 Mg ha−1). Cultivar HM-1 was more efficient in terms of partial factor productivity for N (77.5–78.5 kg kg−1), P (48.2–48.7 kg kg−1), K (143.6–145.5 kg kg−1), Zn (1336–1352 kg kg−1), and Fe (417–421 kg kg−1) than Sapna and Garima. Application of 50% N + 100% P + VC at 1.0 t ha−1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 + 0.5% FeSO4 resulted in higher seed yield (1.63–1.65 Mg ha−1) and agronomic efficiency for N (26.3–28.8 kg kg−1), P (12.42–13.63 kg kg−1), and K (52.3–57.4 kg kg−1) over other tested practices in both years. Hence, it could be concluded that considering the integrated nutrient management paradigm including 10 kg N ha−1 coupled with 40 kg P2O5 ha−1 through synthetic fertilizers, vermicomposting 1.0 t ha−1 as an organic source and foliar spray of 0.5% each of ZnSO4 and FeSO4 (N10) produced a 56.8% higher seed yield than the control, in addition to improving nutrient dynamics and NUEs for N, P, K, Zn, and Fe. Therefore, integrated fertilization coupled with cultivar selection could help to achieve the long-term food and nutritional sustainability targeted by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Pulse-based cropping systems for soil health restoration, resources conservation, and nutritional and environmental security in rainfed agroecosystems
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2023) Sandeep Kumar; K.A. Gopinath; Seema Sheoran; Ram Swaroop Meena; Ch. Srinivasarao; Sandeep Bedwal; Chetan Kumar Jangir; Kancheti Mrunalini; Ramdhan Jat; C.S. Praharaj
Pulses are an important source of energy and protein, essential amino acids, dietary fibers, minerals, and vitamins, and play a significant role in addressing global nutritional security. The global pulse area, production, and average productivity increased from 1961 to 2020 (60 years). Pulses are usually grown under rainfed, highly unstable, and complex production environments, with substantial variability in soil and environmental factors, high year-to-year output variability, and variation in soil moisture. Since the last six decades, there is not much satisfactory improvement in the yield of pulses because of their cultivation in harsh environments, coupled with their continuous ignorance of the farmers and governments in policy planning. As a result, the global food supplies through pulses remained negligible and amounted to merely ~1.0% of the total food supply and 1.2% of the vegan food system. In this situation, protein-rich food is still a question raised at the global level to make a malnutrition-free world. Pulses are a vital component of agricultural biological diversity, essential for tackling climate change, and serve as an energy diet for vegetarians. Pulses can mitigate climate change by reducing the dependence on synthetic fertilizers that artificially introduce nitrogen (N) into the soil. The high demand and manufacture of chemical fertilizers emit greenhouse gases (GHGs), and their overuse can harm the environment. In addition, the increasing demand for the vegetal protein under most global agroecosystems has to be met with under a stressed rainfed situation. The rainfed agroecosystem is a shelter for poor people from a significant part of the globe, such as Africa, South Asia, and Latin America. Nearly, 83% [over 1,260 million hectares (ha)] of cultivated land comes under rainfed agriculture, contributing significantly to global food security by supplying over 60% of the food. In rainfed areas, the limitation of natural resources with the shrinking land, continuous nutrient mining, soil fertility depletion, declining productivity factor, constantly depleting water availability, decreasing soil carbon (C) stock, augmented weed menace, ecological instability, and reduced system productivity are creating a more challenging situation. Pulses, being crops of marginal and semi-marginal soils of arid and semi-arid climates, require less input for cultivation, such as water, nutrients, tillage, labor, and energy. Furthermore, accommodation of the area for the cultivation of pulses reduces the groundwater exploitation, C and N footprints, agrochemical application in the cropping systems, and ill effects of climate change due to their inherent capacity to withstand harsh soil to exhibit phytoremediation properties and to stand well under stressed environmental condition. This article focuses on the role of pulses in ecological services, human wellbeing, soil, environmental health, and economic security for advanced sustainability. Therefore, this study will enhance the understanding of productivity improvement in a system-based approach in a rainfed agroecosystem through the involvement of pulses. Furthermore, the present study highlighted significant research findings and policy support in the direction of exploring the real yield potential of pulses. It will provide a road map to producers, researchers, policymakers, and government planners working on pulses to promote them in rainfed agroecosystems to achieve the United Nations (UN's) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Copyright © 2023 Kumar, Gopinath, Sheoran, Meena, Srinivasarao, Bedwal, Jangir, Mrunalini, Jat and Praharaj.
Recent strategies for pulse biofortification to combat malnutrition
(Elsevier, 2022) Uma Nath Shukla; Manju Lata Mishra; Ram Swaroop Meena; Sandeep Kumar; Seema Sheoran; Sandeep Bedwal; Chetan Kumar Jangir; Nahid Khan; Sindhu Sheoran
Malnutrition is a major challenge for the world to develop a think-tank to alleviate and provide the right access to food globally and also secure them nutritionally. Among various factors, these micronutrients, namely, zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), iodine (I), and selenium (Se) played important role in human health which is most deficient in the diet in developing countries including African and Asian Continent. According to WHO (2020), Asia stands top in the case of undernourished people (381 million), followed by Africa (250 million) and last Latin America and the Caribbean (48 million). In case of child malnutrition, approximately 191 million children of less than 5-year age were stunted and wasted during 2019, whereas 38 million children under less than 5 years were overweight. Although, there is more option to improve dietary foods with essential micronutrient and this can only be possible through food fortification, supplementation, dietary diversification, and biofortification. Among, biofortification with essential micronutrients in the targeted crop can be achieved through breeding, agronomic, genetic engineering, and microorganism approaches. These approaches can be employed in the pulse crops to exploit essential micronutrients. Few pulse crops like pigeon pea, chickpea, and lentils showed great potential to overcome micronutrient deficiencies prevalent among the vulnerable group. This chapter is dedicated to the importance of pulse crops along with their nutritive values and bioavailability of micronutrients in human beings’ vis-a-vis enrichment of pulse grains through biofortification involving various approaches. Also enlighten the role of pulse biofortification in providing opportunities, challenges, and future strategies to alleviate malnutrition across the world. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Residual nitrogen for succeeding crops in legume-based cropping system
(Elsevier, 2022) Chetan Kumar Jangir; Anjali Thakur; Hemali Bijani; Praveen Thakur; Sandeep Kumar; Ram Swaroop Meena; Sandeep Bedwal; Kavita Rani; Uma Nath Shukla; Ajit Kumar Meena; Purushottam Dev
A number of challenges will face the world in the years to come, including food security, climate change risks, and increasing demand for energy. Therefore, agriculture and food systems are increasingly focused on producing sustainably. By delivering multiple services in line with sustainability principles, legume crops could play a significant role in this context. In addition, legumes are also potentially competitive crops, which are useful for increasing crop diversity and reducing the use of external inputs in modern cropping systems due to their environmental and socioeconomic benefits. In a cropping system involving legumes most important aspect is N balance which summarizes the complex N inflow and outflow of the system. Legumes hold potential to variegate cropping systems, restore inter-related biodiversity, and assist break-crops. The key part of the residual N is obtained from rhizodeposition and recoverable debris which become part of the active soil organic matter pool that derives the N pool in soil for the long term. The ability of legumes to fix atmospheric nitrogen as well as produce biomass and sequester carbon (C) is a crucial factor in reducing greenhouse gases emissions. Therefore, legumes have been envisioned as a solution for decreasing nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. The foremost goal of writing this review article is to have an enhanced interpretation of nitrogen dynamics, its residual effect, increase its use efficiency under diverse agroclimatic conditions, its influence on C stabilization, climate change, and enhance soil health by stimulating microbial activity and biomass. In fact, legumes are expected to play an increasingly critical role over the coming decades. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.