Browsing by Author "Sandhya Chaurasiya"

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Emergence of drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae phylogroups (K. quasipneumoniae and K. variicola) causing human infections
(American Society for Microbiology, 2025) Kajal Mishra; Banerjee Tuhina; Ghanshyam Yadav; Ashok Kumar; Arvind Pratap; Sandhya Chaurasiya; Pue Rakshit
This prospective, cross-sectional study was undertaken to identify the emerging K. pneumoniae phylogeny groups (KpI, KpII, KpIII) and characterize their drug resistance. Phylogeny groups of 150 clinical isolates of biochemically identified K. pneumoniae were detected by targeting their chromosomal class A, β-lactamase genes blaSHV, blaLEN, and blaOKP, respectively, and their flanking gene (deoR). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods and statistically analyzed. Carbapenemases (Classes A, B, and D) were detected by multiplex PCR. Colistin resistance mechanisms to detect alteration in PhoP/PhoQ, pmrAB two-component signaling pathways, and mgrB were done by PCR and sequencing. Of the total, KpI, K. pneumoniae were 93 (62%), KpII, K. quasipneumoniae were 36 (24%), and KpIII, K. variicola were 21 (14%). Carbapenem resistance was in 77 (51.3%); 52 (55.9%), 17 (47.2%), and 8 (38%) in KpI, KpII, and KpIII, respectively. Colistin resistance was in 16 (10.6%), 11 (68.75%) in KpI and 5 (31.25%) in KpIII. K. variicola was resistant to polymyxin B as compared with KpI (P = 0.0008). blaNDM (63, 81.8%) was the commonest. Co-harboring of multiple carbapenemase genes was significant in all the phylogroups (P < 0.001). The majority of the cases of K. variicola were males (P = 0.0139) and in the intensive care unit (P = 0.0091). Several non-synonymous mutations were observed in the colistin-resistant isolates in PhoP and PhoQ genes, with the phylogenetic tree revealing different evolutionary relationships among the isolates. There is considerable emergence of K. quasipneumoniae and K. variicola as prominent human pathogens along with drug resistance, which requires attention. © © 2025 Mishra et al.
Fasciolopsis buski isolated from human host, India has distinct clade based on nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences
(Indian Association of Medical Microbiologists, 2024) Sandhya Chaurasiya; Aradhana Singh; Anurag Tiwari; Tuhina Banerjee
Fasciolopsiasis caused by Fasciolopsis buski, is a significant cause of morbidity. In the present study F. buski detected during endoscopy of a 50-year-old male patient form Uttar Pradesh, India was used for phylogenetic analysis based on 28S rDNA and ITS2 regions. The parasite was genetically similar to an isolate of pig from Meghalaya. The intra-species genetic variation for 28S rDNA was 1–3% (India), 5% (Vietnam) and for ITS2, 1–2% (India) while 17 % from Vietnam. Thus, F. buski from humans or pigs from India were closely related than those from Vietnam and China which were grouped into separate clades. © 2024 Indian Association of Medical Microbiologists
Parasitic causes of persistent/chronic diarrhea in adults attending the tertiary care hospital, North India
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2025) Sandhya Chaurasiya; Shruti Kaushal; Vandana Singh; Upasna Kumari; Anurag Kumar Tiwari; Banerjee Tuhina
Background: Chronic/persistent diarrhea due to parasites is emerging. However, majority of the studies document the causes of acute diarrhea. This cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine the occurrence of intestinal parasites in persistent/chronic diarrhea. Materials and Methods: A single diarrheal stool sample from adults with diarrhea >2 weeks were collected for wet mount examination. Patients with prior intake of antiparasitic agents, with cytomegalovirus (CMV), fungal, and bacterial causes of diarrhea, and those with multiple comorbidities were excluded. Modified acid-fast staining was performed for oocysts. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for CMV was performed to exclude CMV diarrhea. PCR for Giardia lamblia, Ancylostoma duodenale, Ascaris, Cryptosporidium spp., Strongyloides stercoralis, and Entamoeba spp. was performed through multiplex and nested multiplex protocols, respectively. Results were statistically analyzed using Chi-square and analysis of variance. Results: A total of 204 cases of chronic/persistent diarrhea, 115 (56.4%) males and 89 (43.6%) females with a mean age of 38.93 ± 16.0 years were studied. Majority (134, 65.7%) had diarrhea with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (P = 0.001). Cysts of Entamoeba spp. (Entamoeba histolytica) in 8 (3.9%) and 12 (5.8%) while cysts of G. lamblia were detected in 8 (3.9%) and 10 (4.9%) through microscopy and PCR, respectively. The detection of parasites was significantly higher with PCR (P = 0.0001). None of the samples showed the presence of helminths. Conclusions: The study revealed 10.7% (E. histolytica, 5.8% and G. lamblia, 4.9%) occurrence of parasitic infections in adults with persistent/chronic diarrhea. It was significantly associated with IBD. The combination of both methods can increase the accuracy of detection. © 2025 Tropical Parasitology.