Browsing by Author "Sanjay Dwivedi"

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A consortium of alga (Chlorella vulgaris) and bacterium (Pseudomonas putida) for amelioration of arsenic toxicity in rice: A promising and feasible approach
(Elsevier B.V., 2018) Surabhi Awasthi; Reshu Chauhan; Sanjay Dwivedi; Suchi Srivastava; Sudhakar Srivastava; Rudra Deo Tripathi
In the present study, arsenic (As) toxicity amelioration potential of a consortium of plant growth promoting rhizobacterium (Pseudomonas putida) and alga (Chlorella vulgaris) was evaluated during arsenate (AsV) exposure to rice (Oryza sativa) plants for 15 d. The consortium mediated amelioration of As toxicity was evident through improved growth of rice plants (root and shoot length and biomass) and reduced oxidative stress [as level of superoxide radicals (O2[rad]−), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and membrane damage]. The positive responses were attributable to a significant decline in As accumulation in root (94 mg kg−1 dw) and shoot (51 mg kg−1 dw) in consortium (P. putida + C. vulgaris) inoculated seedlings as compared to As alone exposed plants (156 and 98 mg kg−1 dw, respectively). There were also significant changes in the level of various nutrient elements (Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, Mo and Cu), thiols and in the activities of antioxidant and thiol metabolism enzymes in the consortium inoculated seedlings that allowed the plants to tolerate As stress effectively and achieve better growth. The study demonstrated that consortium of P. putida and C. vulgaris may alleviate As stress and improve growth of rice seedlings along with reduction in As levels. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
Arsenic Contamination of Groundwater and Its Mitigation Strategies
(Springer Singapore, 2021) Surabhi Awasthi; Reshu Chauhan; Sanjay Dwivedi; Sudhakar Srivastava; Rudra Deo Tripathi
Arsenic contamination of environment is a serious issue that has grown in proportion over the years. Arsenic becomes enriched in groundwater due to several redox and biological processes that has been exacerbated due to human intervention. In India, arsenic contamination is widespread and has been reported from West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Assam, and other states. Arsenic is a highly toxic element and can cause several ailments in humans including cancers. Hence, there is a need to provide safe water to people for drinking purposes and for other daily uses. In this regard, several physicochemical and biological methods are available, which need to be implemented for the purpose. A few of the important low cost and easy methods include precipitation, adsorption, and membrane processes-based filters. Apart from this, biological (bioremediation and phytoremediation) methods have been proposed. The present book chapter gives an overview of arsenic problem and its mitigation strategies. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021.
Biotechnological strategies for remediation of arsenic-contaminated soils to improve soil health and sustainable agriculture
(Elsevier B.V., 2024) Reshu Chauhan; Surabhi Awasthi; Poonam Tiwari; Munish Kumar Upadhyay; Sudhakar Srivastava; Sanjay Dwivedi; Om Parkash Dhankher; Rudra Deo Tripathi
Soil health is the foundation of sustainable agriculture, and its preservation is paramount in global arsenic (As) contamination challenges. Soil As contamination is a critical issue for environmental and agricultural sustainability. Rapid global urbanization and agricultural and industrial expansion release toxic metal (loid)s including As into the soil. Arsenic contamination disrupts the rhizosphere ecosystem, affecting plant health, microbial communities, and overall soil functionality. Ensuring soil health in the face of As contamination is imperative for human well-being and for developing a resilient, sustainable environment. This review signifies the need for comprehensive strategies to revitalize soil ecosystems, promoting resilience and long-term ecological balance. Advanced biotechnological approaches, particularly bioremediation including phytoremediation, microbial remediation, mycoremediation, nano-remediation, and other integrative strategies, are highlighted for their effectiveness in addressing As contamination and promoting soil health. Conventional physico-chemical techniques make soil unsuitable for agriculture by disrupting the microenvironment. Consequently, the urgent need for remediation of As-contaminated soil demands the adoption of eco-friendly and sustainable approaches, such as bioremediation, phytoremediation, and rhizoremediation, to enhance soil health. Development of transgenic lines and genetically modified organisms are effective tools in reducing the As burden. Bacteria including Sphingomonas desiccabilis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus idriensis expressing the arsM gene all show promising results to reduce the As burden. Transgenic rice, incorporating the arsM gene from Rhodopseudomonas palustris, demonstrated 10 times more volatile arsenicals and reduced As accumulation in the grain. Additionally, the use of As-hyperaccumulating plants and conventional methods, like chemical-assisted phytoextraction, show potential for decontaminating As- contaminated soil. Future research should explore the contributions of novel biotechnological strategies to enhance soil health in regions affected by As contamination. © 2024
Comprehensive illustration of transcriptomic and proteomic dataset for mitigation of arsenic toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by microbial consortium
(Elsevier Inc., 2022) Surabhi Awasthi; Reshu Chauhan; Yuvraj Indoliya; Abhishek Singh Chauhan; Shashank Kumar Mishra; Lalit Agrawal; Sanjay Dwivedi; Shiv Naresh Singh; Suchi Srivastava; Poonam C. Singh; Puneet Singh Chauhan; Debasis Chakrabarty; Sudhakar Srivastava; Rudra Deo Tripathi
The present article represents the data for analysis of microbial consortium (P.putida+C.vulgaris) mediated amelioration of arsenic toxicity in rice plant. In the current study the transcriptome profiling of treated rice root and shoot was performed by illumina sequencing (Platform 2000). To process the reads and to analyse differential gene expression, Fastxtoolkit, NGSQCtoolkit, Bowtie 2 (version 2.1.0), Tophat program (version 2.0.8), Cufflinks and Cuffdiff programs were used. For Proteome profiling, total soluble proteins in shoot of rice plant among different treatments were extracted and separated by 2D poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and then proteins were identified with the help of MALDI-TOF/TOF. In gel based method of protein identification, the isoelectric focusing machine (IPGphor system,Bio-Rad USA), gel unit (SDS-PAGE) and MALDI-TOF/TOF (4800 proteomic analyzer Applied Biosystem, USA) were used for successful separation and positive identification of proteins. To check the differential abundance of proteins among different treatments, PDQuest software was used for data analysis. For protein identification, Mascot search engine (http://www.matrixscience.com) using NCBIprot/SwissProt databases of rice was used. The analyzed data inferred comprehensive picture of key genes and their respective proteins involved in microbial consortium mediated improved plant growth and amelioration of As induced phyto-toxicity in rice. For the more comprehensive information of data, the related full-length article entitled “Microbial consortium mediated growth promotion and Arsenic reduction in Rice: An integrated transcriptome and proteome profiling” may be accessed. © 2022
Microbial consortium mediated growth promotion and Arsenic reduction in Rice: An integrated transcriptome and proteome profiling
(Academic Press, 2021) Surabhi Awasthi; Reshu Chauhan; Yuvraj Indoliya; Abhishek Singh Chauhan; ShashankKumar Mishra; Lalit Agrawal; Sanjay Dwivedi; Shiv Naresh Singh; Suchi Srivastava; Poonam C. Singh; Puneet Singh Chauhan; Debasis Chakrabarty; Sudhakar Srivastava; Rudra Deo Tripathi
The adverse effects of arsenic (As) contamination are well known. Rice is a staple food for 50% of the world population but the accumulation of As into rice hampers the food security and safety. Thus the amelioration of As stress and reduction of As levels in rice are needed. In this study, transcriptome (Illumina sequencing) and proteome (2D gel electrophoresis) explored mechanisms of consortium (P. putida+C. vulgaris) mediated growth promotion and As amelioration in rice. The rice seedlings grown hydroponically in the Hewitt nutrient medium and after acclimatization, exposed to 50 µM As alone as well as with microbial consortium to observe the impact at morphological and molecular level. The inoculation of microbial consortium significantly ameliorated the As toxicity, improved growth of root hairs and maintained cellular integrity of the epidermis, exodermis and the stele region during As exposure. Several genes showed differential expression in As and As+P. putida. Down-regulation of As transporters (OsPIP2;2 and OsPIP2;3, OsTIP2;1) and higher expression of WRKY gene (WRKY28) during As+P. putida+C.vulgaris suggested reduction of As uptake in rice. The up-regulation of nutrient elements transporters (OsZIFL9, OsZIFL5, OsZIFL12 and OsZIP2, OsYSL15 and OsCOPT6) in the presence of consortium indicated the improved nutrient status of rice. Higher expression of regulatory elements like auxin/indole 3 acetic acid (AUX/IAA), WRKY and myeloblastosis (MYB) TFs and down-regulation of defense responsive genes such Glutathione-S-transferase, Peroxidase and Glutaredoxinduring As+P. putida+C.vulgaris exposure was also observed. Proteome profiling demonstrated differential abundance of proteins involved in photosynthesis (chlorophyll a/b binding protein, photosystem I Fe-S centre), energy metabolism (ATP synthase subunit beta) transport, signaling (tubulin 1, actin 1), defense (glutathione S-transferase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase) and amino acid metabolism (cysteine synthase, glutamine synthetase), which supported the As ameliorative and growth-promoting potential of microbial consortium during As stress in rice plants. The study gives comprehensive information about gene and protein changes in rice plants in As+consortium exposure. © 2021 The Authors
Selenate mitigates arsenite toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by reducing arsenic uptake and ameliorates amino acid content and thiol metabolism
(Academic Press, 2016) Amit Kumar; Garima Dixit; Amit Pal Singh; Sanjay Dwivedi; Sudhakar Srivastava; Kumkum Mishra; Rudra Deo Tripathi
Arsenic (As) is a toxic element with the potential to cause health effects in humans. Besides rice is a source of both amino acids (AAs) and mineral nutrients, it is undesired source of As for billions of people consuming rice as the staple food. Selenium (Se) is an essential metalloid, which can regulate As toxicity by strengthening antioxidant potential. The present study was designed to investigate AsIII stress mitigating effect of SeVI in rice. The level of As, thiolic ligands and AAs was analyzed in rice seedlings after exposure to AsIII/SeVI alone and AsIII+SeVI treatments. Selenate supplementation (AsIII 25 μM+SeVI 25 μM) decreased total As accumulation in both root and shoot (179 & 144%) as compared to AsIII alone treatment. The AsIII+SeVI treatment also induced the levels of non-protein thiols (NPTs), glutathione (GSH) and phytochelatins (PCs) as compared to AsIII alone treatment and also modulated the activity of enzymes of thiol metabolism. The content of amino acids (AAs) was significantly altered with SeVI supplementation. Importantly, essential amino acids (EAAs) were enhanced in AsIII+SeVI treatment as compared to AsIII alone treatment. In contrast, stress related non-essential amino acids (NEAAs) like GABA, Glu, Gly, Pro and Cys showed enhanced levels in AsIII alone treatment. In conclusion, rice supplemented with SeVI tolerated As toxicity with reduced As accumulation and increased the nutrition quality by increasing EAAs. © 2016
Transcriptome and proteome analyses reveal selenium mediated amelioration of arsenic toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
(Elsevier B.V., 2020) Reshu Chauhan; Surabhi Awasthi; Yuvraj Indoliya; Abhishek Singh Chauhan; Shashank Mishra; Lalit Agrawal; Sudhakar Srivastava; Sanjay Dwivedi; Poonam C. Singh; Shekhar Mallick; Puneet Singh Chauhan; Veena Pande; Debasis Chakrabarty; Rudra Deo Tripathi
Arsenic (As), a chronic poison and non-threshold carcinogen, is a food chain contaminant in rice, posing yield losses as well as serious health risks. Selenium (Se), a trace element, is a known antagonist of As toxicity. In present study, RNA seq. and proteome profiling, along with morphological analyses were performed to explore molecular cross-talk involved in Se mediated As stress amelioration. The repair of As induced structural deformities involving disintegration of cell wall and membranes were observed upon Se supplementation. The expression of As transporter genes viz., NIP1;1, NIP2;1, ABCG5, NRAMP1, NRAMP5, TIP2;2 as well as sulfate transporters, SULTR3;1 and SULTR3;6, were higher in As + Se compared to As alone exposure, which resulted in reduced As accumulation and toxicity. The higher expression of regulatory elements like AUX/IAA, WRKY and MYB TFs during As + Se exposure was also observed. The up-regulation of GST, PRX and GRX during As + Se exposure confirmed the amelioration of As induced oxidative stress. The abundance of proteins involved in photosynthesis, energy metabolism, transport, signaling and ROS homeostasis were found higher in As + Se than in As alone exposure. Overall, present study identified Se responsive pathways, genes and proteins involved to cope-up with As toxicity in rice. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
Understanding selenium metabolism in plants and its role as a beneficial element
(Taylor and Francis Inc., 2019) Reshu Chauhan; Surabhi Awasthi; Sudhakar Srivastava; Sanjay Dwivedi; Elizabeth A. H. Pilon-Smits; Om P. Dhankher; Rudra D. Tripathi
Selenium (Se) is an essential element for many animals including humans, prokaryotes and a few green algae. For plants, Se essentiality is yet to be demonstrated. Nevertheless, it is well recognized that Se is a beneficial element for plants. For all organisms, while, a narrow range of Se is beneficial, at elevated levels it becomes toxic. This is due to accumulation of various toxic inorganic and organic Se forms during Se metabolism as well as nonspecific replacement by Se of chemically similar sulfur (S) analogs. Interestingly, Se can act both as an antioxidant and a pro-oxidant. Hence, Se chemistry and metabolism play crucial roles in determining its effects at specific concentration in an organism. A lot of knowledge has been gained regarding Se metabolites, however, the functions of many of these metabolites are yet to be resolved. Other Se containing metabolites and proteins might yet be awaiting their identification. Future research in this direction would pave the way towards identification of Se as an essential element for plants too. This review discusses the various aspects of Se uptake and metabolism with a major focus on functions of Se-containing metabolites in plants. © 2019, © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.