Browsing by Author "Saurabh Raj"

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Application of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on suicidal behavior: A case study
(Elsevier, 2023) Debasruti Ghosh; Saswati Bhattacharya; Saurabh Raj; Tushar Singh; Sunil K. Verma; Yogesh K. Arya
Several therapeutic approaches have been implicated in addressing suicidal behavior associated in various psychological issues and disorders. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is a combination of cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) techniques as well as mindfulness techniques that focus on building coping skills through awareness and acceptance rather than encouraging direct change mechanisms. This combination can be extremely useful to address the underlying psychological mechanisms that trigger suicidal thoughts. This chapter presents the application of MBCT on a client who attempted suicide. It discusses the appropriateness of the techniques of MBCT in addressing the mechanisms of suicidal behavior. The effects and limitations of MBCT in suicidal dynamics have been presented in the light of case discussed. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Cognitive behavior therapy for children with depression: Application, practical considerations, and challenges
(Elsevier, 2023) Tushar Singh; Debasruti Ghosh; Thomas Enias Pasipanodya; Saurabh Raj; Shalini Mittal
Depression is one of the primary causes of disability among children. There are clear differences between a child and adult experiences of depression. Children find it difficult to verbalize their feelings and might require approaches that suit their cognitive and developmental levels. Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based therapeutic approach that has been impactful in depression. This chapter sets out to look at the literature surrounding CBT to understand its effectiveness and challenges for the management of childhood depression. The cognitive behavioral explanations of depressed children point out specific cognitive distortions, attributional style, and response style that make a child vulnerable to depression. Hence, CBT with depressive children needs to be adapted in accordance with the unique experiences of the child. Researches that have tried to demonstrate the efficacy of CBT on children with depression have reported that it is impactful in symptom reduction, preventing relapse, and addressing trauma. The therapist may encounter challenges while dealing with children who have suicidal tendencies, are nonexpressive, and children with limited cognitive development. It is recommended that the use of CBT as a preventive approach at the community level for children and deliberating CBT via online modalities can be encouraged to reach on a large scale. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Effectiveness of mindfulness based cognitive behavior therapy on life satisfaction, and life orientation of adolescents with depression and suicidal ideation
(Elsevier B.V., 2019) Saurabh Raj; Swati Akshay Sachdeva; Rubina Jha; Shivantika Sharad; Tushar Singh; Yogesh Kumar Arya; Sunil K. Verma
Suicide and depression are among the most alarming phenomena prevalent throughout the world. Various approaches have tried to explain the intricacies in depression and suicide, as a consequence of faulty psychological adjustment of the individual. Several therapeutic approaches have been developed to strengthen one's coping process, among which cognitive behaviour therapy has shown promising results. Also, mindfulness-based approaches to cognitive behavioural therapy have further accelerated the well-being of such individuals. This study was conducted with an aim to see the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive behaviour therapy on life satisfaction and life orientation in adolescents with depression and suicidal behaviour. A sample of 30 adolescents who scored high on scales of depression and suicidal tendencies were administered pre-test measures on life satisfaction and life orientation. After that they were exposed to an eight weeks programme on mindfulness-based cognitive behaviour therapy, followed by a post-assessment on the same measures. The analysis of pre and post test revealed a significant enhancement in life satisfaction, life orientation, and family functioning as well as a reduction in depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. It is concluded that mindfulness-based cognitive behaviour therapy serves as an effective medium to enhance the psychological functioning of depressive and suicidal adolescents. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
Implementing mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on dynamics of suicidal behavior: Understanding the efficacy and challenges
(Elsevier, 2023) Debasruti Ghosh; Saurabh Raj; Tushar Singh; Sunil K. Verma; Yogesh K. Arya
The dynamics of suicidal behavior is determined by several subtle subclinical psychopathological features that make its prevention and treatment a complex process. These transdiagnostic processes may include cognitive reactivity, poor emotion regulation, interpersonal deficits, thought suppression, and hopelessness. The past decades have witnessed a surge in newer modified third wave approaches like mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) that has emerged as a preventive as well as adjunctive therapeutic mode. Techniques of MBCT involve building awareness and increasing attention to current experiences in order to facilitate problem solving and reduce suffering. MBCT has shown positive effects on enhancing attention, generating metacognitive awareness, regulating emotion, and enhancing life satisfaction in suicidal individuals. The implementation of MBCT can be done on groups, hence making it a more suitable psychotherapeutic approach to be adapted in community level for suicide prevention. Future researches that focus on impact of MBCT on suicidal dynamics independently can give more insights on its efficacy on suicidal behavior. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
The mindfulness trajectories of addressing suicidal behaviour: A systematic review
(SAGE Publications Ltd, 2021) Saurabh Raj; Debasruti Ghosh; Sunil K Verma; Tushar Singh
Background and objectives: Suicidal behaviour has been a persistent concern in medical as well as general settings. Many psychotherapeutic approaches have tried to address suicidal behaviour in different ways. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have garnered much attention in the last decade because of their treatment efficacy. This systematic review aimed to examine evidence-based research regarding the effectiveness of MBIs as a psychotherapy intervention on suicidality and to deliver suggestions that might help future research. Method: The identification of literature was made through an extensive search of the electronic databases, to extract studies relating to the efficacy of MBIs on addressing suicidal behaviour. Additional researches based on library sources were searched manually. The studies’ selection was based on a pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria as well as the quality of the studies. Results: The present review helped us identify 13 studies, including six randomised controlled trials, two controlled studies and five pre-post observational studies. The findings reported in the studies were mostly favourable to MBIs as an effective intervention strategy for suicidal behaviour. Conclusion: MBIs show promising effects as an intervention for suicidal behaviour. However, large scale, high-quality trials with active control, and long term intervention efficacy studies are needed to understand the mechanisms through which MBIs reduce suicidal behaviour. © The Author(s) 2020.
Theoretical Mapping of Suicidal Risk Factors During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Mini-Review
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2021) Saurabh Raj; Debasruti Ghosh; Tushar Singh; Sunil K. Verma; Yogesh K. Arya
Suicide prevention in times of COVID-19 pandemic has become more challenging than ever due to unusual circumstances. The common risk factors identified with regard to suicidal behavior are fear of COVID-19, economic instability, poor access to healthcare facilities, pre-existing psychiatric disorders, and social disconnect. The studies done so far have reported either case studies or have made an effort to understand the risk factors. An understanding of the underlying causal pattern from existing theories, behind these risks, will enable adopting appropriate prevention mechanisms. Hence, this review examines evidence related to risk factors of suicides that occurred during COVID 19 and discusses it in the light of three major theoretical approaches: interpersonal model, stress diathesis model, and cognitive model. The insights obtained from the three viewpoints reveal that perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, stress sensitivity, cognitive errors such as magnification, catastrophic thinking, arbitrary inference, and mind-reading are likely reasons behind these risk factors for suicide. It is suggested that awareness regarding COVID-19 stressors, use of community-based approaches like gatekeeper training, and brief online psychotherapy by using techniques of mindfulness, interpersonal psychotherapy, and cognitive behavior therapy can be useful in reducing suicide risk during COVID-19. © Copyright © 2021 Raj, Ghosh, Singh, Verma and Arya.