Browsing by Author "Shalini Gupta"

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Automated percutaneous lumbar discectomy in > patients suffering from prolapsed intervertebral disc: A prospective study
(Faculty of Anaesthesia, Pain and Intensive Care, AFMS, 2016) Anil K. Paswan; Shalini Gupta; Shashi Prakash; Rajeev K. Dubey; Sandcep Khuba; Virendra Rastogi
Background: A variety of minimally invasive techniques (chemonucleolysis, laser, automated' percutaneous discectomy, percutaneous manual nucleotomy) have been invented over the year as treatment of low hack pain related to disc disease. Automated percutaneous lumbar dissectomy (APLD)| being one of these techniques, is a modality in which removal of nucleus pulposus, reduces intradiscal. pressure thus relieves the nerve root compression and subsequently reduces radicular pain. This technique was introduced by Onik in 1985, referred to as 'automated' since it involves, a mechanical, probe, working by a 'suction and cutting action for removal of the nucleus pulposus. Methodology: After meeting the inclusion criteria, minimal invasive procedure APLD, pdrformed'in /no between 2012 to 2015 on 120 patients on outdoor basis. Radicular discogenic pain was confirmed by,MR1 and clinical finding, procedure is being performed using nucleotome under fluoroscopic guidance. Result: Based on patient satisfaction, 72 (60%) patients had excellent pain relief,{75. -100%), 3.4(28.3%) had good pain relief (51-74%) whereas 14 (11.7%) patients had poor pain, relief Two (1.6%)patient developed discitis, which was the only complication and it resolved within fifteen days without sequelae. Conclusion: Percutaneous decompression (APLD) techniques for intervertebral dis hernition are safe and cost-effective techniques with significant and long lasting results concerning pain reduction.and. mobility improvement. They can be proposed as initial treatment or attractive prior to major surgery..
Climate change and abiotic stress-induced oxidative burst in rice
(Elsevier, 2018) Kavita Shah; Vyomendra Chaturvedi; Shalini Gupta
The changing climate with the gradual increase in temperatures, water limiting conditions like drought, salinity, ozone exposure and above all soil contaminants have limited agricultural productivity globally. Harsh environmental conditions promote adaptation mechanisms of tolerance or mitigation in living organisms helping them to survive. Of these most of the mechanisms are controlled by several genes and their associated traits. Rice growth and development are severely affected by abiotic stress. Different responses of rice towards climate change and abiotic stress-induced mechanisms are known. Stress physiologists and environmentalists have repeatedly emphasized the one common mechanism under altered climatic or physiological conditions in growing rice plants known as an oxidative burst. Genetic enhancement of the tolerant cellular level mechanisms is the key for the sustainable growth of rice plants under stress conditions. The simultaneous improvement of protein turnover and function through co-expression of genes may additionally improve the tolerance of rice plants under limiting climate conditions. An oxidative burst in rice is a consequence of an increased pool of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to cell toxicity, thereby, resulting in oxidative stress-induced cell death. Oxidative stress below critical level elicits adaptive responses and beyond it causes cell injury. The ROS produced are known to participate in several reactions essential for rice plants. Oxidative stress-induced genes and proteins in rice exposed to climate change and abiotic stress are updated in the present article. Climate resilient rice varieties have also been listed. © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Contemporary practice in forensic odontology
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2014) Shalini Gupta; Archana Agnihotri; Akhilesh Chandra; Om Prakash Gupta
Forensic odontology plays a major role in the identification of those individuals who cannot be identified visually or by other means. The unique nature of dental anatomy and placement of custom restorations ensure accuracy when the techniques are correctly employed. It is evident that identification of victims in accidents and natural calamities is of utmost importance and is a challenging task. The teeth may also be used as weapons and under certain circumstances; they may provide information regarding the identity of the biter. Dental professionals play a major role in keeping accurate dental records and providing all necessary information so that legal authorities may recognize malpractices, negligence, fraud child abuse and also, identify an individual. In this article, we will discuss such evolvement of the subject.
Evaluation of exfoliative cytology in the diagnosis of oral premalignant and malignant lesions: A cytomorphometric analysis
(Torabinejad Dental Research Center, 2015) Renuka Verma; Anil Singh; Manjunath Badni; Akhilesh Chandra; Shalini Gupta; Ruchita Verma
Background: Many oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) arise within regions that previously had premalignant lesion. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of premalignant lesions offers the best hope of improving the prognosis in patients with OSCC. Exfoliative cytology is a simple and non-invasive diagnostic technique that could be used for early detection of oral premalignant and malignant lesions. This study was undertaken to evaluate the quantitative changes in nuclear area (NA), cytoplasmic area (CA) and nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio (NA/CA) in cytological buccal smears of oral leukoplakia with dysplasia (OLD) and OSCC patients while comparing with normal healthy mucosa. Materials and Methods: A quantitative study was conducted over 90 subjects including 30 cases each of OLD, OSCC and clinically normal oral mucosa. The smears obtained were stained with Papanicolaou (PAP) stain and cytomorphological assessment of the keratinocytes was carried out. The statistical tools included arithmetic mean, standard deviation, Chi-square test, analysis of variance, Tukey multiple comparison. P < 0.001 was considered as significant. Results: The mean NA of keratinocytes in the normal mucosa was 65.47 ± 4.77 μm 2 while for OLD it was 107.97 ± 5.44 μm 2 and 139.02 ± 8.10 μm 2 for that of OSCC. The differences show a statistically significant increment in NA (P < 0.001). There was significant reduction (P < 0.001) in the CA of keratinocytes from OSCC when compared with those from smears of OLD and normal mucosa with the values of 1535.80 ± 79.38 μm 2 , 1078.51 ± 56.65 μm 2 and 769.70 ± 38.77 μm 2 respectively. The NA/CA ratio in the smears from normal oral mucosa, OLD and OSCC showed a mean value of 0.043 ± 0.004, 0.100 ± 0.008, 0.181 ± 0.015 respectively with a significant difference among the groups (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Evaluation of nuclear and CA of keratinocytes by cytomorphometry can serve as a useful adjunct in the diagnosis and prognosis of a dysplastic lesion which may lead to OSCC.
Immunotherapy: A New Hope for Cancer Patients
(Hindawi Limited, 2020) Shalini Gupta; Subash C. Gupta; Keith D. Hunter; Aditya B. Pant
[No abstract available]
Short-term outcome of acute inferior wall myocardial infarction with emphasis on conduction blocks: A prospective observational study in Indian population
(Turkish Society of Cardiology, 2017) Varun Kumar; Santosh Sinha; Prakash Kumar; Mohammed Razi; Chandra Mohan Verma; Ramesh Thakur; Umeshwar Pandey; Rajpal Singh Bhardwaj; Mohammed Ahmad; R.K. Bansal; Shalini Gupta
Objective: The primary aim of the present study was to evaluate the complications, particularly conduction blocks, subsequent morbidity and mortality, and effect of thrombolytic therapy in Indian patients with inferior wall myocardial infarction (IWMI). Methods: This was a prospective, observational, single-center study conducted at LPS Institute of Cardiology, Kanpur, from December 2011 to May 2014. Patients who presented with typical chest pain and were subsequently diagnosed by standardized diagnostic criteria as having IWMI were enrolled. Patients were grouped on basis of conduction abnormalities, right ventricular (RV) infarction and thrombolytic treatment. Each group was analyzed for comparison of complication profile and mortality. Results: Of 573 patients with IWMI enrolled in the study (mean age: 58.90±12.3 years), 81.2% were male, 225 (39.3%) had conduction blocks, and 189 (32.9%) had RV infarction. In patients with conduction blocks, mortality occurred in 27 patients (12.0%) in contrast to 3.4% of patients without conduction block (p<0.03). Also, there were 27 cases of in-hospital mortality in patients with RV infarction compared with 9 cases in patients without RV infarction (p<0.01). Thrombolytic therapy significantly reduced mortality in patients with IWMI (p<0.001). A significant reduction was observed in cardiogenic shock (p=0.002), severe mitral regurgitation (p=0.007), and left ventricular failure (p<0.001) in patients undergoing thrombolytic therapy. Conclusion: In Indian patients with IWMI, incidence of conduction blocks was higher than previously reported studies. Major complications such as atrioventricular block and RV infarction are associated with increased mortality and poor clinical outcomes. Thrombolytic therapy has a beneficial role in reduction of mortality rate and other complications. © 2017 by Turkish Society of Cardiology.