Browsing by Author "Shampa Anupurba"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 61

A study of mycobacterium tuberculosis genotypic diversity & drug resistance mutations in Varanasi, North India
(Indian Council of Medical Research, 2014) Anamika Gupta; Savita Kulkarni; Nalin Rastogi; Shampa Anupurba
Background & objectives: One-fifth of the world's new tuberculosis (TB) cases and two-thirds of cases in the South East Asian region occur in India. Molecular typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates has greatly facilitated to understand the transmission of TB. This study was aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology of M. tuberculosis genotypes in Varanasi, north India, and their association with clinical presentation among patients with pulmonary TB. Methods: M. tuberculosis isolates from 104 TB patients attending a tertiary referral hospital of north India were screened for susceptibility to isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RIF), ethambutol (EMB) and streptomycin (STR) by proportion method and multiplex-allele-specific-polymerase chain reaction (MAS-PCR). These were genotyped by spoligotyping. The spoligotype patterns were compared with those in the international SITVIT2 spoligotyping database. Results: Eighty three of 104 isolates were distributed in 38 SITs, of which SIT3366 was newly created within the present study. The mass of ongoing transmission with MDR-TB isolates in Varanasi, northern India, was linked to Beijing genotype followed by the CAS1_Delhi lineage. HIV-seropositive patients had a significantly higher proportion of clustered isolates than HIV-seronegative patients and compared with the wild type(wt) isolates, the isolates with kotG315Thr mutation were considerably more likely to be clustered. Interpretation & conclusions: This study gives an insight into the M. tuberculosis genetic biodiversity in Varanasi, north India, the predominant spoligotypes and their impact on disease transmission. In this region of north India, TB is caused by a wide diversity of spoligotypes with predominance of four genotype lineages: Beijing, CAS, EAI and T. The Beijing genotype was the most frequent single spoligotype and strongly associated with multi drug resistant (MDR)-TB isolates. These findings may have important implications for control and prevention of TB in north India.
Antimicrobial susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from wound infections
(Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd, 2006) Shampa Anupurba; Amitabha Bhattacharjee; Atul Garg; Malay Sen
The primary aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in wound infections and its sensitivity to the commonly used antibiotics at SS Hospital, Varanasi, India. We received 940 relevant clinical specimens among, which 301 (32%) was P. aeruginosa. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the disc diffusion method where cefoperazone/sulbactam was found to be most effective (74%) followed by ciprofloxacin (58%) and ceftazidime (54%). Rest of the antibiotics showed a very low level of susceptibility pattern. A total of 54 (18%) isolates were resistant to all the antibiotics tested in vitro.
Antitubercular drug resistance in four healthcare facilities in north India
(2011) Anamika Gupta; Jitendra Prasad Mathuria; Surya Kumar Singh; Anil Kumar Gulati; Shampa Anupurba
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public-health problem in India, having the highest number of incident and multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB cases. The study was carried out to appraise the prevalence of first-line anti-TB drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and its patterns among different types of TB patients from different settings in a province of North India. Of 3,704 clinical specimens, 345 (9.3%) were culturepositive, and drug-susceptibility testing was carried out for 301 MTB strains. A high level of primary and acquired drug resistance of MTB was observed in the region studied, with weighted mean of 10.5% and 28.08%, 12.81% and 29.72%, 17.12% and 29.94%, 11.97% and 27.84%, and 10.74% and 23.54% for rifampicin, isoniazid, streptomycin, ethambutol-resistant and MDR cases respectively. Drug resistance was significantly higher in pulmonary (p=0.014) and acquired drug-resistant TB cases (p<0.001). Any drug resistance (p=0.002) and MDR TB were significantly (p=0.009) associated with HIV-seropositive cases. An urgent plan is needed to continuously monitor the transmission trends of drug-resistant strains, especially MDR-TB strains, in the region. © International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh.
Assessing genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by spoligotyping and IS6110-based restriction fragment length polymorphism in North India
(Elsevier Ltd, 2016) Jitendra Prasad Mathuria; Pragya Sharma; Pradyot Prakash; Jai Kumar Samaria; Vishwa Mohan Katoch; Shampa Anupurba
Objective/background Molecular epidemiology methods are very useful for differentiating between strains, assessing their diversity, and measuring the prevalence of the most circulating strain in an area. Various molecular typing methods using different molecular markers have been utilized worldwide, such as restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), spoligotyping, Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Unit – Variable Number of Tandem Repeat (MIRU-VNTR), and Double repetitive element-PCR (DRE-PCR) typing, for simultaneous detection and epidemiologic typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The present study is conducted to assess the genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis by IS6110-RFLP and spoligotyping in patients attending a tertiary care hospital in eastern Uttar Pradesh, North India. Methods A total of 83 representative isolates of M. tuberculosis were included in this study. These isolates were subjected to spoligotyping and IS6110-RFLP DNA fingerprinting techniques as described previously. Results The spoligotype patterns were compared with SpolDB4.0; patterns of 64 out of 83 M. tuberculosis isolates were matched with the available data, while 19 isolates were found to be orphan, that is, absent in the SpolDB4.0 database. The majority of the M. tuberculosis strains (56.5%) belong to central Asian (32.5%), ill defined T (13.2%), and Beijing (10.8%) families. On IS6110-RFLP analysis, in 19.2% (16/83) of these isolates, IS6110 element was not found (0 copy number strains). Further, 15.6% (13/83) isolates were found to be low-copy-number strains having less than six copies of IS6110 element, and the remaining 65.0% (54/83) were multiple-copy-number strains with six or more copies of the element. On comparing the results of spoligotyping and IS-6110-RFLP, a total of 47 isolates were clustered by spoligotyping; out of these isolates, 40 were found to be unique by IS6110-RFLP. Conclusion Spoligotype analysis resulted in the grouping of a much larger number of isolates within apparently identical clusters compared with IS6110-RFLP typing, while IS6110-RFLP was not found to effectively distinguish between zero- and low-copy-number isolates. Therefore, we concluded that, in India, the use of both the techniques simultaneously for DNA fingerprinting of M. tuberculosis could be a better approach. © 2016
Association of risk factors and drug resistance pattern in tuberculosis patients in North India
(Medknow Publications, 2017) Pallavi Sinha; G.N. Srivastava; Anamika Gupta; Shampa Anupurba
Context: India is one of the high tuberculosis (TB) burden countries in the world. Improper implementation in the guidelines for the management of TB and high rate of defaults on the part of the patients are most important risk factors for the development of multi-drug resistant TB. Aims: This study examines the drug resistance profile and the effect of demographic, clinical and behavioral risk factors on the prevalence of TB and multidrug resistance (MDR) in north India. Settings and Design: This was a prospective, observational study carried out from May 2012 to February 2014 in tertiary care hospital of Varanasi. Subjects and Methods: The study was performed on 721 pulmonary and extrapulmonary specimens of suspected TB patients based on history, was subjected for the Ziehl-Neelsen staining and culture on Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) media. Statistical Analysis: The features of groups were compared by Chi-square (χ2) and odds ratio. Results: Out of 721 clinically suspected pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB patients, 222 (30.8%) patients were smear positive for acid-fast bacilli and 244 (38.3%) were positive for Mycobacterium species cultured on LJ medium. The prevalence of resistance to at least one anti-TB drug was 71.1% and MDR was 53.5%. Age, gender, HIV status, nature of TB, smoking, and alcohol consumption risk factors were significantly associated with TB prevalence; while prior history of TB infection, pervious household exposure, smoking, and alcohol consumption were significantly associated with MDR. Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of drug resistance TB in this region. It also provides evidence in our circumstance, of the role of prior history of TB infection, alcohol and smoking in increasing the risk of developing TB and MDR-TB. Therefore, it is necessary for the public health community to incorporate and strengthen alcohol and smoking nonparticipation interference in TB control program. © 2017 Journal of Global Infectious Diseases | Published by Wolters Kluwer-Medknow.
Association of Viral and Fungal Infections of the CNS During Immunosuppression
(Springer Nature, 2023) Reba Kanungo; Shampa Anupurba
A major concern of immunodeficiency due to any cause is secondary infection by microorganisms, including virus and fungi. These microorganisms are generally of low virulence or are commensals found ubiquitously in and around human habitation, posing a major threat to immunocompromised individuals. The central nervous system infections unlike other systems are secondary to a primary site of infection elsewhere in the body. It is acquired through blood stream, peripheral nerves or breach in the blood-brain and blood cerebrospinal fluid barriers. The risk of viral and fungal infections of CNS depends on two primary determinants, namely, exposures and the net state of immunosuppression. Specific virus belonging to the family “Herpesviridae”, Adenoviruses “Adenoviridae” and JC virus “Papovaviridae” are commonly associated with infections in CNS common fungi involved in infection include Cryptococcus, Histoplasma, and Candida. Infection with Mucorales occurs by contiguous spread via the rhino-orbital pathway. Clinical manifestation may be acute as meningitis, or encephalitis caused mainly by virus or chronic as in cryptococcal meningitis. Symptoms are overlapping, making specific clinical diagnosis difficult. Imaging techniques, CSF analysis, and rapid molecular and antigen detection techniques have eased confirmatory diagnosis of viral and fungal infections of CNS in immunocompromised individuals. Treatment options are limited due to narrow range of antivirals and anti-fungals that act against the infecting agents. This chapter discusses the virus and fungi causing secondary infections of the CNS in the immunocompromised individuals. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.
Cerebral blood flow velocity in asymptomatic premature neonates exposed to clinical chorioamnionitis
(Elsevier, 2014) Sriparna Basu; Shashikant Dewangan; Sandeep Barman; Shampa Anupurba; Ram Chandra Shukla; Ashok Kumar
Aims: To test the hypothesis that cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) is altered in asymptomatic premature neonates exposed to clinical chorioamnionitis. Methods: This prospective observational study included 30 premature (<34 weeks) neonates who were exposed to clinical chorioamnionitis but did not develop any feature of early-onset neonatal sepsis. Thirty gestational-age matched healthy neonates served as controls. Cord blood interleukin (IL)-6 concentrations were measured at birth. Resistance index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), peak systolic flow velocity and vascular diameter of internal carotid, vertebral and middle cerebral arteries were measured by transcranial color doppler ultrasonography within 48h of delivery. The infants were followed up clinically after discharge and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was done at the corrected age of 6 months. Results: Conventional sepsis screen and blood culture was negative in all. Significantly higher cord blood IL-6 concentrations, lower resistance (RI and PI) and higher blood flow with vasodilation were recorded in all cerebral arteries of the chorioamnionitis group. Significant correlation was observed between the increase in CBFV and the increase of IL-6 concentrations. At the age of 6 months, two cases showed features of delayed developmental milestone and periventricular leucomalacia in MRI. Conclusions: Asymptomatic premature neonates exposed to clinical chorioamnionitis had significantly increased cord blood IL-6 concentrations and CBFV. The utility of increased CBFV as a predictor of adverse neurodevelopmental outcome may be tested in a well designed longitudinal study with larger sample size. © 2013 INDIACLEN.
Cerebrospinal fluid Gene XPERT (CBNAAT) in children with tuberculous meningitis
(Elsevier Ltd, 2021) Annapurna Rai; Rajniti Prasad; B.K. Das; Shampa Anupurba; Utpal Kant Singh
Objectives: To observe the role of CSF Gene XPERT (CBNAAT) in diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) and determine its sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV). Methods: A prospective study was done from October 2017 to March 2020. CSF samples of 55 children diagnosed as tuberculous meningitis as per defined clinical and imaging criteria, were subjected to routine CSF analysis, MGIT culture and CBNAAT. Children on prior anti-tuberculous therapy for more than one month were excluded from study. Results: Of 55 children, meningeal signs were present in 54.5% children. Neurological deficits were present in 47.3%. Common CT brain findings were communicating hydrocephalus followed by infarct and basal exudates. CSF Gene XPERT (CBNAAT) were positive in 9 (16.4%), of which 6 was also culture positive and 3; negative. Two children were rifampicin resistant. Fifteen (27.3%) children had positive CSF culture. Gene XPERT showed sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and diagnostic accuracy of 40%, 92.5%, 66.7%, 80.4% and 78.2% respectively as compared to culture. Conclusion: Although sensitivity of CSF CBNAAT is low i.e. 40% but positive result not only confirm bacteriological diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis but also reveal about rifampicin sensitivity and resistance for plan of therapy. © 2021
Changing trend in susceptibility to vancomycin of methicillin susceptible and resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates from a tertiary care centre
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2014) Munesh K. Gupta; Tuhina Banerjee; Shampa Anupurba; Ragini Tilak
[No abstract available]
Chitosan inserts for periodontitis: Influence of drug loading, plasticizer and crosslinking on in vitro metronidazole release
(Croatian Pharmaceutical Society, 2007) Romi Barat; Anegundha Srinatha; Jayanta K. Pandit; Shampa Anupurba; Neelam Mittal
Chitosan based metronidazole (MZ) inserts were fabricated by the casting method and characterized with respect to mass and thickness uniformity, metronidazole loading and in vitro metronidazole release kinetics. The fabricated inserts exhibited satisfactory physical characteristics. The mass of inserts was in the range of 5.63 ± 0.42 to 6.04 ± 0.89 mg. The thickness ranged from 0.46 ± 0.06 to 0.49 ± 0.08 mm. Metronidazole loading was in the range of 0.98 ± 0.09 to 1.07 ± 0.07 mg except for batch CM3 with MZ loading of 2.01 ± 0.08 mg. The inserts exhibited an initial burst release at the end of 24 h, irrespective of the drug to polymer ratio, plasticizer content or cross-linking. However, further drug release was sustained over the next 6 days. Cross-linking with 10% (m/m) of glutaraldehyde inhibited the burst release by ∼30% and increased the mean dissolution time (MDT) from 0.67 to 8.59 days. The decrease in drug release was a result of reduced permeability of chitosan due to cross-linking.
Colonization with vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus strains containing the vanA resistance gene in a tertiary-care center in North India
(2012) Tuhina Banerjee; Shampa Anupurba
A nasal carriage survey for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in an intensive care unit detected four strains of MRSA with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin. The vanA gene was found in two of these vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) strains. The absence of selective vancomycin pressure might have resulted in reduced expression of the resistant gene. Copyright © 2012, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Detection and characterisation of AmpC β-lactamase-producing isolates of Acinetobacter spp. in North India
(2010) Supriya Upadhyay; Malay Ranjan Sen; Pradyot Prakash; Shampa Anupurba; Gopal Nath; Amitabha Bhattacharjee
[No abstract available]
Detection of Beijing strains of MDR M. tuberculosis and their association with drug resistance mutations in katG, rpoB, and embB genes
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2020) Anamika Gupta; Pallavi Sinha; Vijay Nema; Pramod K. Gupta; Pampi Chakraborty; Savita Kulkarni; Nalin Rastogi; Shampa Anupurba
Background: Molecular epidemiological studies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) are the core of current research to find out the association of the M. tuberculosis genotypes with its outbreak and transmission. The high prevalence of the Beijing genotype strain among multidrug resistance (MDR) TB has already been reported in various studies around India. The overall objective of this study was to detect the prevalence of Beijing genotype strains of MDR M. tuberculosis and their association with the clinical characteristics of TB patients. Methods: In this study 381 M. tuberculosis clinical isolates were obtained from sputum samples from 2008 to 2014. The multiplex-PCR and Spoligotyping (n = 131) methods were used to investigate the prevalence of the Beijing genotype strain by targeting the Rv2820 gene and their association with drug resistance and clinical characteristics of TB patients. The drug susceptibility testing of first-line anti-TB drugs was performed by using the proportion method and MGIT960. A collection of isolates having Beijing and non-Beijing strains were also characterized to see if Beijing genotype strains had a higher rate of mutations at codons 516, 526 and 531 of the 81-bp region of the rpoB gene, codon 315 of the katG gene, and codon 306 of the embB gene. Results: The sensitivities and specificities of multiplex-PCR assay compared to that of standard Spoligotyping was detected to be 100%. Further, we observe that the multi drug-resistance was significantly associated with Beijing genotype strains (p = 0.03) and a strong correlation between Beijing genotype strains and specific resistance mutations at the katG315, rpoB531, and embB306 codons (p = < 0.0001, < 0.0001 & 0.0014 respectively) was also found. Conclusions: This rapid, simple, and cost-effective multiplex PCR assay can effectively be used for monitoring the prevalence of Beijing genotype strains in low resource settings. Findings of this study may provide a scientific basis for the development of new diagnostic tools for detection and effective management of DR-TB in countries with a higher incidence rate of Beijing genotype strains. © 2020, The Author(s).
Detection of clinically important non tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) from pulmonary samples through one-step multiplex PCR assay
(BioMed Central, 2020) Kamal Singh; Richa Kumari; Rajneesh Tripathi; Smita Gupta; Shampa Anupurba
Background: The burden of non-tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) disease is increasing worldwide but still its diagnosis is delayed and it is mistaken as multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).The present study was performed to develop a multiplex PCR assay for detection and identification of clinically most common NTM to the species level from pulmonary samples. Results: Out of 50 isolates, 26 were identified as Mycobacterium kansasii (MK), 20 were identified as Mycobacterium abscessus (MA) and 4 were identified as Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) through multiplex PCR and further confirmed by sequencing. Conclusion: Our study showed that multiplex PCR assay is a simple, convenient, and reliable technique for detection and differential identification of major NTM species. © 2020 The Author(s).
Detection of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Methods, principles and applications
(Tuberculosis Association of India, 2015) Anamika Gupta; Shampa Anupurba
The growing emergence of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) strains is obstructing efforts for the control and management of TB. Proper management of MDR-TB relies on early recognition of drug resistance followed by timely treatment initiation. Several diagnostic methods, both phenotypic and molecular, have been developed in last few years for rapid identification of drug resistant (DR)-TB. Revised national tuberculosis control programmes (RNTPs) may find it tough to choose from the puzzling variety of rapid tests. Here, we present an outline of the available methods, discussing their basis, advantages and deficiencies. © 2015 Tuberculosis Association of India
Detection of mutations in the rpoB gene of rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains inhibiting wild type probe hybridization in the MTBDR plus assay by DNA sequencing directly from clinical specimens
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2020) Pallavi Sinha; G.N. Srivastava; Rajneesh Tripathi; Mukti Nath Mishra; Shampa Anupurba
Background: The potential of genetic testing for rapid and accurate diagnosis of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains is vital for efficient treatment and reduction in dissemination. MTBDR plus assays rapidly detect mutations related to drug resistance and wild type sequences allied with susceptibility. Although these methods are promising, the examination of molecular level performance is essential for improved assay result interpretation and continued diagnostic development. Therefore this study aimed to determine novel mutations that were inhibiting wild type probe hybridization in the Line probe assay by DNA sequencing. Using data collected from Line Probe assay (GenoType MTBDRplus assay) the contribution of absent wild type probe hybridization to the detection of rifampicin resistance was assessed via comparison to a reference standard method i.e. DNA sequencing. Results: Sequence analysis of the rpoB gene of 47 MTB resistant strains from clinical specimens showed that 37 had a single mutation, 9 had double mutations and one had triple mutations in the ropB gene. Conclusions: The absence of wild type probe hybridization without mutation probe hybridization was mainly the result of the failure of mutation probe hybridization and the result of the novel or rare mutations. Additional probes are necessary to be included in the Line probe assay to improve the detection of rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. © 2020 The Author(s).
Detection of OXA-2 group extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing clinical isolates of Escherichia coli from India [2]
(2007) Amitabha Bhattacharjee; Malay Ranjan Sen; Shampa Anupurba; Pradyot Prakash; Gopal Nath
[No abstract available]
Diagnosis of Genital Tuberculosis in Infertile Women by Using the Composite Reference Standard
(Hindawi Limited, 2022) Riden Saxena; Kriti Shrinet; Sachchida Nand Rai; Kamal Singh; Shivi Jain; Shuchi Jain; Deeksha Singh; Shampa Anupurba; Madhu Jain
Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) can be asymptomatic or even masquerade as other gynecological conditions. Conventional methods of FGTB diagnosis include various imaging, bacteriological, molecular, and pathological techniques that are only positive in a small percentage of patients, leaving many cases with undiagnosed condition. In the absence of a perfect diagnostic method, composite reference standards (CRSs) have been advocated in this diagnostic study. This study assesses the agreement between traditional diagnostic modalities using CRS and prevalent TB groups among different fallopian tube infertility manifestations. A total of 86 women with primary and secondary infertility were included in the study and subjected to bacteriological, pathological, and radiological examination for the diagnosis of FGTB. Results were evaluated statistically for concordance of the diagnostic tests to the CRS by sensitivity and specificity, while PPV and NPV were calculated for the performance of diagnostic tests of FGTB. We observed that 11.2% of women were found to be true positives by means of CRS. The positive findings by CRS were as follows: ultrasonography (13.9%), laparoscopy (14%), hysteroscopy (12%), GeneXpert (4.8%), culture (4.8%), polymerase chain reaction (4.8%), and histopathology (6.4%). GeneXpert and culture were found to have a perfect agreement with CRS. Hysterosalpingography, laparoscopy, and hysteroscopy have a fair agreement with CRS. Out of 43 women with tubal factor infertility, 6 women were found in the definitive TB group with mixed conditions of tubal manifestations. This study evaluates and demonstrates the reliability of the collective assessment of various diagnostic methods with CRS findings that help in identifying different TB groups of genital tuberculosis patients from all infertile patients by applying the criteria of CRS. © 2022 Riden Saxena et al.
Diagnostic accuracy of direct drug susceptibility testing of second-line antitubercular drugs
(American Society for Microbiology, 2025) Kartiki Srivastava; Varsha Singh; Vinod Kumar Raikwar; Shampa Anupurba
It is well-established that direct drug susceptibility testing (DST) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using a liquid medium for first-line drugs provides accurate and time-saving results. The purpose of this study was to determine whether DST for second-line drugs could be successfully performed using processed smear-positive specimens (direct DST) and whether this method is accurate and may result in a significant reduction in time. The accuracy and shorter turnaround time of this approach were established by comparing the results acquired through direct DST with those obtained through indirect DST. Of the 150 acid-fast bacteria smear-positive sputum specimens that were set up for direct DST, 130 (86.67%) produced results that could be reported. Direct DST reporting took an average of 10 days (range: 9–11 days). The time savings from direct DST to indirect DST, which took into account the time needed to isolate a culture and conduct DST, was 7 days on average (range: 6–9 days). When the direct and indirect DST results were compared, the concordance with levofloxacin (LFX), moxifloxacin (MOX), linezolid (LNZ), and clofazimine (CFZ) were 96.33%, 96.16%, 100%, and 99.24%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the test result were 93.75%, 83.33%, 100%, and 100%, and 98.0, 99.10, 100, and 99.19% with an accuracy of 98%, 98%, 100%, and 99% for LFX, MOX, LNZ, and CFZ, respectively. Direct DST is a fast and accurate diagnostic technique for detecting second-line drug resistance in tuberculosis. © © 2025 Srivastava et al.
Diagnostic utility of combination of inducer and inhibitor based assay in detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa producing AmpC β-lactamase
(2011) Supriya Upadhyay; Malay Ranjan Sen; Amitabha Bhattacharjee; Pradyot Prakash; Ram Chandra Bajpai; Shampa Anupurba
The diagnostic utility of inducer and inhibitor based assays among 214 AmpC positive isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were evaluated. Of different methods, combination of ceftazidime-imipenem antagonism and boronic acid inhibition tests came up with maximum sensitivity (76%) and specificity (100%). This combination showed reliability for both inducible and non-inducible AmpC producers. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.