Browsing by Author "Shikha Sachan"

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Bimanual compression therapy of uterine Pseudoaneurysm
(2011) Ashish Verma; Madhavi Verma; Shivi Jain; Ram Chandra Shukla; Anuradha Khanna; Sonali Gupta; Shikha Sachan; Arvind Srivastava
[No abstract available]
Comparative analysis of simultaneous integrated boost and sequential boost radiotherapy in node-positive cervical cancer: dosimetric and radiobiological considerations
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Ritusha Mishra; Shreya Singh; Ganesh Patel; Abhijit Mandal; Himanshu Mishra; Ankita Pandey; Bajarang Bahadur; Pramod Kumar Singh; Shikha Sachan; Mallika Tewari
For locally advanced cervical cancer, the standard therapeutic approach involves concomitant chemoradiation therapy, supplemented by a brachytherapy boost. Moreover, an external beam radiotherapy (RT) boost should be considered for treating gross lymph node (LN) volumes. Two boost approaches exist with Volumetric Intensity Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT): Sequential (SEQ) and Simultaneous Integrated Boost (SIB). This study undertakes a comprehensive dosimetric and radiobiological comparison between these two boost strategies. The study encompassed ten patients who underwent RT for cervical cancer with node-positive disease. Two sets of treatment plans were generated for each patient: SIB-VMAT and SEQ-VMAT. Dosimetric as well as radiobiological parameters including tumour control probability (TCP) and normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) were compared. Both techniques were analyzed for two different levels of LN involvement – only pelvic LNs and pelvic with para-aortic LNs. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 25.0. SIB-VMAT exhibited superior target coverage, yielding improved doses to the planning target volume (PTV) and gross tumour volume (GTV). Notably, SIB-VMAT plans displayed markedly superior dose conformity. While SEQ-VMAT displayed favorable organ sparing for femoral heads, SIB-VMAT appeared as the more efficient approach for mitigating bladder and bowel doses. TCP was significantly higher with SIB-VMAT, suggesting a higher likelihood of successful tumour control. Conversely, no statistically significant difference in NTCP was observed between the two techniques. This study’s findings underscore the advantages of SIB-VMAT over SEQ-VMAT in terms of improved target coverage, dose conformity, and tumour control probability. In particular, SIB-VMAT demonstrated potential benefits for cases involving para-aortic nodes. It is concluded that SIB-VMAT should be the preferred approach in all cases of locally advanced cervical cancer. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.
CYP1A1 and GSTM1 genes polymorphism and its association with endometriosis : A pilot study
(Elsevier (Singapore) Pte Ltd, 2013) Shikha Sachan; Rohini R Nair; Anuradha Khanna; Kiran Singh
Objective: To study the genetic association between Cytochrome P450 family 1 (CYP1A1) T6235C polymorphism and glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) null mutations and endometriosis. Methods: A total of 121 unrelated women having complaints of pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dysuria, dyschezia, dysparenuia and infertility were enrolled. Out of these 71 consented for laparoscopy, 66 were diagnosed as endometriosis as per operative. Genomic DNA isolated from endometriosis patients and controls were subjected to polymerase chain reactions to determine the GSTM1 null genotypes whereas polymorphism of CYP1A1 T6235C was determined through PCR-RFLP. Results: The GSTM1 null genotype was found to be associated with endometriosis however there was no significant difference in the frequencies of the CYP1A1 6235 CC genotype between endometriosis patients and controls. The homozygous mutant and allele frequency of CYP1A1 T6235C differed significantly between patients having endometriosis and healthy control. Conclusion: The data of the present study clearly suggests that GSTM1 null allele and CYP1A1 C allele is a genetic risk factor for endometriosis in North Indian population. © 2013 Hainan Medical College.
Feotus papyraceous in a monoamniotic monochorionic pregnancy: A case report
(2010) Ruchi Sinha; Sonali Gupta; Shikha Sachan; Anuradha Khanna
Foetus papyraceous or compress is the compressed, mummified, parchment-like remains of a dead twin which is retained in-utero after intrauterine death in the second trimester. It is an uncommon finding. The incidence of foetus papyraceous is reported as 1 in 17,000 to 1 in 20,000 pregnancies. Incidence of foetus papyraceous in twin pregnancy is 1 in 184 to 1 in 200 pregnancies. A case of foetus papyraceous which was discovered following expulsion of a Twin at 17 weeks and 1 day of gestation with low lying placenta in a monochorionic monoamniotic twin pregnancy is reported here.
Fetal hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with placental inflammation and early breakdown of maternal-fetal tolerance in pre-term birth
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Renu Bala; Rachna Verma; Snehil Budhwar; Nikita Prakash; Shikha Sachan
Problem: Hyperhomocysteinemia (hypHcy) due to impaired folate metabolism is shown to be a risk factor for preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW) in mothers. However, the relationship of fetal hypHcy with adverse pregnancy outcomes is under-represented. The present study aims to investigate the association of fetal hypHcy with oxidative stress and placental inflammation that can contribute to an early breakdown of maternal-fetal tolerance in pre-term birth (PTB). Methods: Cord blood and placenta tissue were collected from PTB and term infant group. Levels of homocysteine, folic acid, vitamin B12 and oxidative stress markers (MDA, T-AOC, 8-OHdG) were measured in cord blood serum using ELISA and respective standard assay kits. Relative expression of candidate genes (TNF-α, IL-6, IL1-β, VEGF-A, MMP2 and MMP9) was also checked using RT-PCR and immunoblotting/immunohistochemistry. Results: PTB infants showed significantly higher levels of homocysteine (P =.02) and lower levels of vitamin B12 (P =.005) as compared to term infants. We also found that PTB infants with hypHcy had lower T-AOC (P =.003) and higher MDA (P =.04) levels as compared to term infants with normal homocysteine levels. The mRNA and protein levels of TNF-α, VEGF-A, MMP2 and MMP9 were significantly higher in hypHcy PTB infants. Conclusion: Our results show that fetal hypHcy is associated with oxidative stress and an increase in inflammatory markers in the placenta. Thus, in conclusion, our study demonstrates that fetal hypHcy during pregnancy is a potential risk factor that may initiate an early breakdown of uterine quiescence due to activation of inflammatory processes leading to PTB. © 2022 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Maternal and fetal outcomes of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women with chronic rheumatic heart disease in a South Asian population: A case series
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Mamta Rajan; Shikha Sachan; Abhishek Abhinay; Bhupendra Verma
Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is associated with an increased risk of adverse maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes, particularly in developing countries. The current COVID-19 pandemic has also affected pregnant women, probably increasing the adverse effects. It is speculated that COVID-19 infection in pregnant women would further increase the risk of complications. However, factual data is still lacking, especially from resource-constrained countries. We conducted a case series of 20 pregnant women with RHD and COVID-19 infection and compared their outcomes with 40 with RHD but without COVDI-19. We observed a high risk of adverse cardiac and pregnancy effects across the whole cohort of 60 patients. However, the comparative study between the two groups failed to show any incremental risk of complications due to COVID-19 infection. Although the sample size was limited; the results are encouraging, particularly for developing countries. © 2022 Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Maternal and neonatal outcomes of COVID-19 co-infection in pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B virus infection: A prospective cohort study
(John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2022) Mamta Rajan; Shikha Sachan; Abhishek Abhinay; Dawesh Prakash Yadav; Bhupendra Verma
[No abstract available]
Predicting neonatal RDS with fetal pulmonary artery doppler: a diagnostic performance and ROC curve analysis
(Springer-Verlag Italia s.r.l., 2025) Ishan Kumar; Karan Kukreja; Ashok Kumar; Priyanka Aggarwal; Shikha Sachan; Ashish Verma
Study design: Prospective observational diagnostic accuracy study. Methods: This study evaluated Doppler parameters of the fetal main pulmonary artery (MPA) as potential non-invasive predictors of RDS and to assess their relationship with gestational age and postnatal respiratory outcomes. Pulsed-wave Doppler of the fetal MPA was performed and Doppler indices—pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), peak systolic velocity (PSV), and acceleration time/ejection time ratio (At/Et)—were recorded over three cardiac cycles and averaged. Values were compared after delivery between neonates with and without RDS. Results: In normally developing fetuses, PI and RI decreased while At/Et increased with advancing gestational age. In contrast, fetuses who developed RDS showed persistently low At/Et and elevated PI and RI values. Cutoff values of At/Et < 0.24, RI > 0.8, and PI > 2.16 were effective in predicting RDS. The severity of RDS was associated with greater deviations from these values. Altered Doppler indices were found to be independent predictors of RDS in preterm neonates. Conclusion: Fetal MPA Doppler parameters serve as reliable, non-invasive predictors of RDS and the severity of RDS in preterm neonates. © The Author(s) 2025.
Socio-demographic profile and treatment-seeking behavior of infertile women in tertiary care hospital of Varanasi
(BioMed Central Ltd, 2025) Jagriti Annu; Tej Bali Singh; Shikha Sachan; Jigyasa Singh
Introduction: Infertility affects 186 million people globally. According to the World Health Organization report, one in every six people worldwide has experienced infertility at some point in their lives. Treatment-seeking behavior (TSB) refers to the decision-making process of an individual regarding whether to take action or remain inactive upon perceiving a health problem. Understanding the TSB of infertile women is vital for improving the management of infertility. Objective: To explore the association between socio-demographic profile and treatment-seeking behavior of infertile women visiting for infertility treatment in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: Infertile married women within the age group 18–45 years were enrolled in this study. The data related to TSB and socio-demographic variables were collected through an interview method using a pre-tested structured proforma. The frequency and percentage were used in the description of the background characteristics and TSB. The chi-square test has been applied to test the association between TSB and socio-demographic variables. Results: This study highlights that a significant proportion of women experience primary infertility. 60% of women initially preferred government healthcare for infertility treatment, and a notable number (50%) also consulted faith healers for their infertility problem. 28% of infertile women were referred by a physician to this tertiary care hospital. Key findings indicate that age, place of residence, and marriage duration significantly influence treatment-seeking behaviour of infertile women. Conclusion: The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to improve access, raise awareness, and bridge urban–rural and socioeconomic gaps in infertility care, and urgent policy reforms to ensure affordable and equitable infertility care. © The Author(s) 2025.
Successful outcome in preeclamptic rudimentary horn pregnancy; [Preeklamptik rudimenter boynuz gebeliǧinde başarılı sonuç]
(AVES, 2011) Ruchi Sinha; Shikha Sachan; Anuradha Khanna
Unicornuate uterus with rudimentary horn is an uncommon type of mullerian duct malformation associated with various gynecological and obstetrical complications. Rudimentary horn pregnancy is a rare entity and the majority have rupture of gravid horn leading to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. A case of rudimentary horn pregnancy at 32 weeks and 6days with pregnancy induced hypertension is reported where proper management results in successful pregnancy outcome.
Variations in the central corneal thickness during the menstrual cycle in Indian women
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2020) Deepak Mishra; Prashant Bhushan; Shikha Sachan; M.K. Singh; Chaitra Jayadev; Pallak Kusumgar
Purpose: To determine the changes in central corneal thickness (CCT) during the menstrual cycle in Indian women. Methods: A prospective observational clinical study at a tertiary care center between December 2015 and December 2018. One hundred and twenty sixty women between 18 and 45 years were included. The CCT was measured using an ultrasound pachymeter at three specific timelines of the menstrual cycle: at the beginning (1st to 3rd day), during ovulation time (14th to 16th day), and at the end of the cycle (28th to 33rd day). Phases of the cycle were confirmed by the urine luteinizing hormone level. Results: The mean CCT of both eyes was 541.76 ± 4.21 μm, 559.21 ± 4.50 μm, and 544.52 ± 8.06 μm at the beginning, mid, and end of cycle, respectively. The mean CCT of the right eye was 541.68 ± 4.15 μm, 559.08 ± 4.50 μm, and 544.44 ± 8.06 μm and of the left eye was 541.84 ± 4.27 μm, 559.35 ± 4.50 μm, and 544.61 ± 8.06 μm at the beginning, mid, and end of cycle, respectively. Conclusion: The CCT value was significantly (P < 0.001) higher during ovulation compared to the beginning and end of the menstrual cycle. Our study recommends adding menstrual history in the workup of women undergoing refractive surgery as physiological variations in the CCT may result in unexpected surgical outcomes. © 2020 Indian Journal of Ophthalmology.