Browsing by Author "Shishir Kumar Singh"

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Aggravation of CoVID-19 infections due to air pollutant concentrations in Indian cities
(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2023) Asha Sunilkumar; Shishir Kumar Singh; Amit Kumar Mondal; Paulami Ghosh; Surajit Mondal
The CoVID-19 infections began rising worldwide during the initial weeks of March 2020, reacting to which the Government of India called for nationwide lockdown for ~ 3 weeks. The concentration of pollutants during the lockdown were compared with pollution levels recorded during the preceding year for the same time frame. A direct relationship was established between the high level of air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and SO2) and CoVID-19 infections being reported in the Indian cities. The correlation indicates that the air pollutants like PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and SO2 are aggravating the number of casualties due to the CoVID-19 infections. The transmission of the virus in the air is in the form of aerosols; and hence places which are highly polluted may see a proportionate rise in CoVID-19 cases The high-level exposure of PM2.5 over a long period is found to be significantly correlated with the mortality per unit confirmed CoVID-19 cases as compared to other air pollutant parameters like PM10, NO2 and SO2. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Korea Spatial Information Society.
Effect of temperature on electrochemical performance of ionic liquid based polymer electrolyte with Li/LiFePO4 electrodes
(Elsevier B.V., 2017) Himani Gupta; Shalu; Liton Balo; Varun Kumar Singh; Shishir Kumar Singh; Alok Kumar Tripathi; Yogendra Lal Verma; Rajendra Kumar Singh
Poly ethylene oxide based polymer electrolytes containing salt lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide and ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methyl pyridinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide are synthesized. The prepared polymer electrolytes are found to be thermally stable up to 340–360 °C. Ionic conductivity is observed ~ 2.5 × 10− 5 S cm− 1 at 25 °C and 2.3 × 10− 4 S cm− 1 at 40 °C for 30% IL containing polymer electrolyte. Also, ionic transference number > 0.99 and cationic transference number ~ 0.41 with electrochemical window ~ 5.2 V at 25 °C is observed for the electrolyte containing 30% IL. The highest Li+ ion conducting polymer electrolyte is further optimised for battery application. The specific discharge capacity of the prepared cell (Li/polymer electrolyte/LiFePO4) is found to be 106 mAh g− 1 at 25 °C and 160 mAh g− 1 at 40 °C up to 25 cycles with 0.1 C current rate. The increment in discharge capacity at higher temperature may be due to the better electrode-electrolyte contact. Decrement in cell resistance is also observed at higher temperature. © 2017
Electrochemical characterization of ionic liquid based gel polymer electrolyte for lithium battery application
(Institute for Ionics, 2018) Shishir Kumar Singh; Himani Gupta; Liton Balo; Shalu; Varun Kumar Singh; Alok Kumar Tripathi; Yogendra Lal Verma; Rajendra Kumar Singh
High molecular weight polymer poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP), ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (EMIMFSI), and salt lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI)-based free-standing and conducting ionic liquid-based gel polymer electrolytes (ILGPE) have been prepared by solution cast method. Thermal, electrical, and electrochemical properties of 80 wt% IL containing gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) are investigated by thermogravimetric (TGA), impedance spectroscopy, linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The 80 wt% IL containing GPE shows good thermal stability (~ 200 °C), ionic conductivity (6.42 × 10−4 S cm−1), lithium ion conductivity (1.40 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 30 °C), and wide electrochemical stability window (~ 4.10 V versus Li/Li+ at 30 °C). Furthermore, the surface of LiFePO4 cathode material was modified by graphene oxide, with smooth and uniform coating layer, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and with element content, as confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrum. The graphene oxide-coated LiFePO4 cathode shows improved electrochemical performance with a good charge-discharge capacity and cyclic stability up to 50 cycles at 1C rate, as compared with the without coated LiFePO4. At 30 °C, the discharge capacity reaches a maximum value of 104.50 and 95.0 mAh g−1 for graphene oxide-coated LiFePO4 and without coated LiFePO4 at 1C rate respectively. These results indicated improved electrochemical performance of pristine LiFePO4 cathode after coating with graphene oxide. © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
Electrochemical investigations of Na0.7CoO2 cathode with peo-natfsi-bmimtfsi electrolyte as promising material for na-rechargeable battery
(Springer Science and Business Media, LLC, 2018) Varun Kumar Singh; Shishir Kumar Singh; Himani Gupta; Shalu; Liton Balo; Alok Kumar Tripathi; Yogendra Lal Verma; Rajendra Kumar Singh
We report herein the development of a sodium polymer battery consisting of solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) system (polymer + ionic liquid and salt) as an electrolyte and sodium cobalt oxide as cathode material. Solid polymeric membranes (SPMs) were synthesized using polymer polyethyleneoxide (PEO), ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BMIMTFSI) (10–40 wt.%), and sodium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (NaTFSI) salt. Na0.7CoO2 cathode material was prepared using solid-state reaction route. These solid polymeric membranes were optimized using various experimental techniques such as thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It was found that the membrane containing 40 wt.% of IL has high room temperature (~ 30 °C), ionic conductivity (~ 4.1 × 10−4 S cm−1), Na+ transference number (~ 0.39), and good thermal stability. The optimized polymeric membrane shows high electrochemical potential window (~ 3.6 V) vs. Na/Na+, a specific discharge capacity of ~ 138 mAhg−1 (at 0.1 C rate) and maximum coulombic efficiency (~ 99%) for the prepared cell Na | SPE | Na0.7CoO2. Thus, the membrane containing 40 wt.% IL polymer electrolyte and Na0.7CoO2 as cathode is promising material for the formation of sodium rechargeable battery. ©Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018
Electrochemical Performance of High-Valence Mo6+ and Low-Valence Mn2+ Doped- Na3V2(PO4)3@C Cathode for Sodium-Ion Batteries
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Dipika Meghnani; Shishir Kumar Singh; Nitin Srivastava; Rupesh Kumar Tiwari; Raghvendra Mishra; Anupam Patel; Anurag Tiwari; Rajendra Kumar Singh
The sodium superionic conductor (NASICON)-Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) is an attractive cathode for sodium-ion batteries, which is still confronted with limited rate performance due to its low electronic conductivity. In this paper, a chemical strategy is adopted to partially replace V3+ of the NVP framework by low-valence Mn2+ and high-valence Mo6+ substitution. The crystal structure, sodium-ion diffusion coefficient and electrochemical performance of Mn−Mo-doped [Na3.94V0.98Mo0.02Mn(PO4)3@C] cathode were investigated. X-ray diffraction confirmed the NASICON-type structure and XPS analysis confirmed the oxidation state of Mn and Mo in doped NVP cathode. The Na ion diffusion processes were inferred from Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) measurement, which clearly show rapid Na-ion diffusion in NASICON-type cathode materials. The Mn−Mo-substituted NVP shows smoother charge-discharge profiles, improved rate performance (64.80 mAh/g at 1 C rate), better energy density (308.61 mWh/g) and superior Na-ion kinetics than that of unsubstituted NVP@C cathode. Their enhanced performance is attributed to large interstitial volume mainly created by high valence Mo6+ and enhanced capacity is attributed to the low valence Mn2+ doping. These results demonstrate that Mn−Mo-doped NVP cathode is strongly promising cathode material for sodium-ion batteries. © 2022 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Electrochemical performance of Li-rich NMC cathode material using ionic liquid based blend polymer electrolyte for rechargeable Li-ion batteries
(Elsevier Ltd, 2020) Nitin Srivastava; Shishir Kumar Singh; Himani Gupta; Dipika Meghnani; Raghvendra Mishra; Rupesh K. Tiwari; Anupam Patel; Anurag Tiwari; Rajendra Kumar Singh
In this paper, synthesis of lithium rich nickel manganese cobalt oxide cathode material (Li1·2Ni0·6Mn0·1Co0·1O2) and ionic liquid (IL) based blend gel polymer electrolytes (BGPEs) are reported. Li1.2Ni0.6Mn0.1Co0.1O2 cathode material as well as BGPEs are prepared by solution combustion and solution casting technique, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique clearly reveals that the cathode material is in pure phase, having well defined layered structure. Thermal, electrical and electrochemical properties of BGPEs are investigated by using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), impedance spectroscopy and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). It is observed that 70 wt% IL containing BGPE provides maximum Li-ion conductivity (σLi∼1.1 mS cm−1), thermal (∼250 °C) and electrochemical stability (∼4.3 V vs. Li/Li+). Electrochemical analysis of the cell (Li/70 wt% BGPE/Li1·2Ni0·6Mn0·1Co0·1O2) provides well defined redox peaks corresponding to Ni2+/Ni4+ and it delivers specific discharge capacity of 166 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C-rate and 97% efficiency upto 140 cycle. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
Electrochemical study of Ionic Liquid based polymer electrolyte with graphene oxide coated LiFePO4 cathode for Li battery
(Elsevier B.V., 2018) Himani Gupta; Shalu Kataria; Liton Balo; Varun Kumar Singh; Shishir Kumar Singh; Alok Kumar Tripathi; Yogendra Lal Verma; Rajendra Kumar Singh
Ionic Liquid (IL) based polymer electrolytes using polymer poly ethylene oxide (PEO), salt lithium bis(fluoromethylsulfonyl)imide and IL N-propyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium-bisfluorosulfonylimide (PYR13FSI) are synthesized by solution cast method. Using different experimental techniques, good thermal stability and wide electrochemical window are observed for synthesized polymer electrolytes. Maximum Li+ conductivity is found for 10% IL containing polymer electrolyte so, it is used in Li cell preparation. LiFePO4 (LFP) cathode and graphene oxide wrapped LFP cathode (GO-LFP) are also prepared to observe the effect of graphene oxide coating in electrochemical performance of the Li cell. From charge –discharge process, high specific discharge capacity (~163 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C) is found for GO-LFP as compared to LFP cathode. GO-LFP cathode shows good cyclability and Coulombic efficiency up to 100 cycles. High charge-discharge capacity of GO-LFP is noticed even at higher current rate. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
Enhanced structural and cycling stability of Li2CuO2-coated LiNi0.33Mn0.33Co0.33O2 cathode with flexible ionic liquid-based gel polymer electrolyte for lithium polymer batteries
(Elsevier Ltd, 2020) Shishir Kumar Singh; Dimple Dutta; Rajendra Kumar Singh
Recently, ionic liquid-based gel polymer electrolytes (IL-GPEs) attracted increasing attention because of its use in developing safe and flexible rechargeable lithium-based batteries. The IL-GPE composed of microporous polymer PVdF-HFP incorporating different weight percentages of ionic liquid PYR13FSI with 20 wt.% lithium salt LiTFSI is prepared. These prepared films are investigated in detail by thermogravimetric analysis, impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry measurements for battery application. The 70 wt.% IL containing GPE shows excellent thermal stability up to ∼240 °C and high lithium ion conductivity (1.6 × 10−3 S cm−1 at 30 °C) with wide electrochemical stability window (∼4.3 V vs. Li/Li+ at 30 °C). Furthermore, the Li+-ion conductive Li2CuO2 is coated on LiNi0.33Mn0.33Co0.33O2 (Li2CuO2@LNMC) cathode particle by using a wet chemical method. The structural and electrochemical properties of pristine and Li2CuO2@LNMC cathode are investigated using XRD, SEM, TEM and electrochemical analysis. The XRD pattern shows that no impurity phase is present in the Li2CuO2@LNMC cathode. Thin Li2CuO2 coating layer (20–25 nm) on the surface of LNMC particle is confirmed by TEM image. The optimized electrolyte is used to fabricate Li-cells (Li/LNMC and Li/Li2CuO2@LNMC). The charge-discharge results show that the initial specific discharge capacity of Li2CuO2@LNMC is ∼196 mAh g−1 at 0.1C (25 mA g−1), whereas, the pristine LNMC has ∼182 mAh g−1 under same condition. The Li2CuO2 coating layer improves electrochemical performance and cyclic stability of pristine cathode up to 100 cycles at 1 C-rate. The capacity retention is ∼69% for Li2CuO2@LNMC over 100 charge-discharge cycles at 1C, whereas, the capacity retention is only ∼30% for pristine LNMC. After cycling, the EIS results also indicate that the impedance of Li/LNMC cell reduces after Li2CuO2 modification. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
Fabrication and electrochemical characterization of lithium metal battery using IL-based polymer electrolyte and Ni-rich NCA cathode
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2020) Dipika Meghnani; Himani Gupta; Shishir Kumar Singh; Nitin Srivastava; Raghvendra Mishra; Rupesh Kumar Tiwari; Anupam Patel; Anurag Tiwari; Rajendra Kumar Singh
Electrolytes with high Li+ transference number and good electrochemical stability are urgently needed for high-energy-density Li battery. In this paper, we present newly synthesized ionic liquid (IL)-based polymer electrolyte using polymer poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), salt lithium bis(fluorosulfonly)imide (LiFSI), and IL 1-butyl-3-methylpyridinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BMPyTFSI) by solution cast technique. They show high Li+ transference number and good electrochemical and thermal stability. Also, nickel-rich layered cathode material LiNi0.90Co0.05Al0.05O2 (NCA) with good electrochemical performance for lithium secondary battery is successfully synthesized by Co-precipitation method. Using the optimized polymer electrolyte and NCA cathode, Li cell is prepared which shows initial discharge capacity of ~ 137 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C-rate and good Coulombic efficiency ~96.0% upto 125 cycles. © 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
High-Voltage-driven Li/Mn-rich Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.1Co0.1O2 Cathode with nanocomposite blend gel polymer electrolyte for long cyclic stability of rechargeable Li-battery
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Nitin Srivastava; Shishir Kumar Singh; Dipika Meghnani; Rajendra Kumar Singh
Li/Mn-rich layered oxide is an attractive cathode material for Li-ion battery due to its low cost, high specific capacity, and high working potential. In this paper, the high capacity layered Li/Mn-rich NMC cathode (Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.1Co0.1O2) and nanocomposite blend gel polymer electrolytes (NBGPEs) are synthesized by using the sol-gel method and solution casting technique, respectively. XRD results confirm that the cathode material has a well-defined hexagonal layered structure. It is observed that the synthesized NBGPE containing 2 wt.% SiO2 nanofiller exhibits maximum ionic conductivity (5.2 mS cm−1), Li-ion conductivity (~2.40 mS cm−1), and wide electrochemical stability (~5.4 V vs Li/Li+) at 30°C. The electrochemical performance of the cell (Li/NBGPE#1/Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.1Co0.1O2) has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge–discharge measurement. The cell delivers maximum specific discharge capacity of 212.0 mAh g−1 at 0.1C and good rate performance within 2.0-4.8 V. At 0.2C, the cell shows stable coulombic efficiency ~98% after 200th cycle due to better interfacial stability between NBGPE#1 and the electrode. © 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Improved electrochemical performance of EMIMFSI ionic liquid based gel polymer electrolyte with temperature for rechargeable lithium battery
(Elsevier Ltd, 2018) Shishir Kumar Singh; Shalu; Liton Balo; Himani Gupta; Varun Kumar Singh; Alok Kumar Tripathi; Yogendra Lal Verma; Rajendra Kumar Singh
Free-standing, ﬂexible ionic liquid based gel polymer electrolyte (ILGPE) membranes containing polymer PVdF-HFP, imidazolium-based ionic liquid EMIMFSI with lithium salt LiTFSI are synthesized and characterized by various techniques. Thermal, electrochemical and electrical properties of prepared ILGPE membranes are investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, linear sweep voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy techniques. Prepared membranes are found to be thermally stable upto 200 °C. The ionic conductivity is found to be ∼3.8 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 25 °C and ∼6.0 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 50 °C for 40 wt% IL containing GPE. Lithium transference number and lithium ion conductivity of 40 wt% IL containing GPE shows the maximum value ∼0.4 and ∼1.5 × 10−4 S cm−1 respectively with electrochemical window ∼4.7 V versus Li/Li+ at 25 °C. The 40 wt% IL containing GPE is used for battery application because of its better compatibility with lithium electrode compared to other prepared ILGPEs. The discharge capacity attains a maximum value ∼141.2 mAh g−1 and ∼160.3 mAh g−1 at 25 °C and 50 °C respectively at 0.1C. About ∼99% Coulombic efficiency is obtained upto 100th cycles at 50 °C. These results indicate that the Li/40 wt% IL containing GPE/LiFePO4 cell shows high Coulombic efficiency, good charge-discharge capacity and cyclic stability upto 100th cycles. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd
Ionic liquid based polymer gel electrolyte membranes for lithium ion rechargeable batteries
(Electrochemical Society Inc., 2016) Shalu; Liton Balo; Himani Gupta; Varun Kumar Singh; Shishir Kumar Singh; Alok Kumar Tripathi; Yogendra Lal Verma; Rajendra Kumar Singh
Li-ion conducting polymeric membranes containing 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluroborate (BMIMBF4), polymer poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP), and Lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide) (LiTFSI) salt have been synthesized and characterized by various techniques. The synthesized polymeric membrane have good free-standing characteristics, good thermal stability (300-400 °C) and also have a wide electrochemical window (ECW) ∼ 4.0 to 4.50V. The room temperature ionic conductivity of the membrane (PVdF-HFP+20 wt.% LiTFSI) + 60% BMIMBF4 was found to be 1.7mS.cm-1. © The Electrochemical Society.
Molybdenum-Doped Li/Mn-Rich Layered Transition Metal Oxide Cathode Material Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.1Co0.1O2with High Specific Capacity and Improved Cyclic Stability for Rechargeable Li-Batteries
(American Chemical Society, 2022) Nitin Srivastava; Shishir Kumar Singh; Dipika Meghnani; Raghvendra Mishra; Rupesh Kumar Tiwari; Anupam Patel; Anurag Tiwari; Rajendra Kumar Singh
A series of cathode materials, Li1.2Mn0.6-xNi0.1Co0.1MoxO2 (x = 0, 0.005, and 0.01), are synthesized via the sol-gel method. Structural characterization revealed that the Mo-doped material shows a well-defined ordered layered structure having less cation mixing. The Li1.2Mn0.59Ni0.1Co0.1Mo0.01O2 (LMRMo#0.01) cathode shows a high specific discharge capacity of 193.9 mAh g-1 with an initial Coulombic efficiency of 81.4% at room temperature and an excellent cyclic stability with a discharge capacity of ∼175.3 mAh g-1 (capacity retention 92.5%) after 250 cycles at 0.1 C. Substitution of Mn4+ by Mo6+ leads to low charge transfer resistance and enhancement in the stability of the layered structure, which result in outstanding electrochemical performance of the Mo-doped cathode. © 2022 American Chemical Society.
Performance of EMIMFSI ionic liquid based gel polymer electrolyte in rechargeable lithium metal batteries
(Korean Society of Industrial Engineering Chemistry, 2018) Liton Balo; Himani Gupta; Shishir Kumar Singh; Varun Kumar Singh; Shalu Kataria; Rajendra Kumar Singh
Flexible gel polymer electrolytes based on polymer polyethylene oxide, salt lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide and ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide are synthesized. Prepared samples show high thermal stability, high ionic conductivity at room temperature and an electrochemical stability window of ∼3.51 V vs. Li/Li+. Lithium deposition-striping voltage profiles show the formation of a stable solid electrolyte interface. A Li/GPE/LiFePO4 cell was assembled by low cost thermal lamination technique. This cell can deliver 143 mAh g−1 capacity at room temperature at C/20 rate with good discharge efficiency. Use of micro grid mesh type Al current collector in cathode exhibits significant improvement in capacity retention. © 2018 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
Phosphite-Based Electrodes
(American Chemical Society, 2022) Dipika Meghnani; Shishir Kumar Singh; Nitin Srivastava; Rajendra Kumar Singh
Theoretical Understanding to Design a Better Solid-State Battery. Solid-state batteries have the potential to significantly improve the safety and performance of current state-of-the-art lithium-ion battery technology. They find applications in automobile and electronic industries; however, most commercial lithium-ion batteries are flammable, and their decomposition generates highly toxic gasses that can be explosive. These two volumes (1413 and 1414) provide an overview of fundamental mechanisms, current challenges, and design strategies for solid-state batteries to meet the current demands for commercialization. This volume focuses on materials, advanced batteries, and the architecture of flexible and printable batteries. These volumes should interest chemists and materials scientists working on energy challenges. © 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
Polymer Batteries
(CRC Press, 2022) Shishir Kumar Singh; Dimple Dutta; Rajendra Kumar Singh
With the rapid development of modern society, the demand for energy has increased in many fields. It is extremely necessary to develop efficient and safer rechargeable batteries as energy storage devices. Nowadays, polymer electrolytes are used in place of commercial liquid electrolytes because of their flexibility as well as easy moldability into a desired shape. However, their room-temperature ionic conductivity is very low compared to the liquid electrolytes due to their high crystalline nature. The plasticization of polymer electrolytes is a very effective method for increasing the amorphicity of the host polymer matrix. But an organic plasticizer has some limitations, such as less thermal/chemical stability, a low flash point, and being highly electrochemically reactive. Therefore, ionic liquids incorporated in polymer matrices have received considerable interest as replacements for the conventional organic plasticizer due to their exotic nature, such as non-toxicity, non-volatility, non-flammability, high thermal/chemical stability, and electrochemical inactiveness. So, ionic liquid incorporated polymer electrolytes not only increase their ionic conductivity but also enhance the electrochemical performance of rechargeable polymer batteries. © 2022 selection and editorial matter, Inamuddin, Mohd Imran Ahamed, Rajender Boddula, Tariq A. Altalhi; individual chapters, the contributors.
Preventing chemo-mechanical degradation of high voltage cathode and Li metal anode by amorphous lithium silicon oxide coating and hybrid solid electrolytes
(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Supriya Sau; Ayan Mukherjee; Shishir Kumar Singh; Jit Ghosh; P. V. Ashwin; Govind Kumar Mishra; Abhinanda Sengupta; Rajendra K. Singh; Dmitry A. Bravo-Zhivotovskii; Malachi Noked; Sagar K. Mitra
Solid-state batteries leveraging high-voltage cathodes and lithium (Li) metal anodes enhance safety and energy density; however, instability within the cathode, solid electrolyte, and Li components, along with their interfaces, restricts electrochemical performance, especially above 4.3 V vs Li/Li+. This work presents a comprehensive study on improving the stability of high-voltage LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC 811) cathodes and Li metal anodes in solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) through a dual strategy of amorphous lithium silicon oxide (LSO) coating and an active-inert filler-rich hybrid solid polymer electrolyte (AIFRHSPE) design. The AIFRHSPE exhibits high ionic conductivity (1.10 mS cm−1), a wide electrochemical stability window (>5 V) at 30 °C, and forms a Li3N- LiF-rich gradient anode electrolyte interphase in situ on Li metal. To stabilize high-voltage cathodes, we utilize a novel in-house synthesized single precursor for atomic layer deposition and deposit a ∼5 nm amorphous LSO coating on NMC 811, enhancing initial Coulombic efficiency (90.68 % vs. 84.44 %), rate capability (3 × higher accessible capacity at 1C rate), and cycling stability (>88 % retention after 250 cycles). Operando X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Spectroscopy (XANES) and ex-situ analyses reveal suppressed cation mixing, oxygen release, and inactive phase formation, mitigating chemo-mechanical degradation and particle cracking in LSO-coated samples. This integrated strategy addresses critical challenges in SSLMBs, including cell polarization, interfacial instability, chemo-mechanical degradation, and electrolyte decomposition by incorporating LSO as a cathode coating material and AIFRHSPE membrane for both electrolyte function and Li metal passivation, proving transformative for high-voltage SSLMB applications. © 2025
Quasi solid-state electrolytes based on ionic liquid (IL) and ordered mesoporous matrix MCM-41 for supercapacitor application
(Springer New York LLC, 2017) Alok Kumar Tripathi; Yogendra Lal Verma; Shalu; Varun Kumar Singh; Liton Balo; Himani Gupta; Shishir Kumar Singh; Rajendra Kumar Singh
Quasi solid-state electrolytes (QS-SEs) based on an ionic liquid ([EMIM][FSI]) immobilized in ordered mesoporous silica MCM-41 using physical imbibition process have been developed. Supercapacitor assembly obtained using activated carbon electrodes and QS-SEs can be operated up to 2 V and exhibit good specific capacitance of 30 F g−1. The specific energy and power densities of the supercapacitor are found ~17 Wh kg−1 and 1000 W kg−1, respectively, at 1 mA cm−2 current density and exhibit good cycle performance at room temperature. © 2017, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.
Vanadium-Based Redox Flow Batteries
(wiley, 2024) Anurag Tiwari; Shishir Kumar Singh; Dipika Meghnani; Raghvendra Mishra; Rajendra Kumar Singh
Climate change and global warming are major environmental challenges due to fossil fuel usage worldwide. Effective renewable energy storage technologies are vitally needed for sustainable ecology. Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are a kind of energy storage device that is attracting increased interest because of their cost-effective scaling strategy, ease of component replacement, and extended cycle life. One of the latest RFB technologies being researched to efficiently store renewable energy is vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). Uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), load balancing, power conversion technology, and electric cars all make extensive use of VRFBs. The present need for and status of renewable energy generation, the basic ideas behind VRFBs, their operation, and their technological limitations have all been thoroughly covered in this chapter. Each component’s operating principles are noted. The applications of the limiting factors of certain components and past/current research to solve these limits are addressed. © 2024 Scrivener Publishing LLC.