Browsing by Author "Shivani Ghildiyal"

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Mallotus philippinensis Muell. Arg fruit glandular hairs extract promotes wound healing on different wound model in rats
(BioMed Central Ltd., 2015) Mayank Gangwar; Manish Kumar Gautam; Shivani Ghildiyal; Gopal Nath; Raj Kumar Goel
Background: Mallotus philippinensis Muell. Arg (MP, Euphorbiaceae) are widely distributed perennial shrub or small tree in tropical and subtropical region in outer Himalayas regions. Since, Mallotus philippinensis have been shown to have a number of medicinal values. Hence our present study was to investigate the healing potential of fruit extract in rat wound models. Methods: The study includes acute toxicity and wound healing potential of 50% ethanol extract of MP fruit glandular hair (MPE). MPE (200 mg/kg) was administered orally, once daily for 10 days (incision and dead space wound) and 22 days (excision wound). MPE was found safe when given to rats upto 10 times of optimal effective dose. Wound breaking strength (WBS) in Incision wound and rate of contraction, period of epithelization and scar area in Excision wound were evaluated. Granulation tissue free radicals (nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation), antioxidants (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and reduced glutathione), acute inflammatory marker (myeloperoxidase), connective tissue markers (hydroxyproline, hexosamine, and hexuronic acid), and deep connective tissue histology were studied in Dead space wound. Results: MPE significantly increased WBS and enhanced wound contraction, and decreased both epithelization period and scar area compared with control group. MPE was found to decrease free radicals (50.8 to 55.2%, P<0.001) and myeloperoxidase (44.0%, P<0.001) but enhanced antioxidants (41.1 to 54.5%, P<0.05 to P<0.001) and connective tissue markers (39.5 to 67.3%, P<0.05 to P<0.01). Histopathological evaluation revealed more density of collagen formation with minimal inflammatory cells in deeper tissues. Conclusion: Thus, the study revealed Mallotus philippinensis fruit hair extract, safe and effective in wound healing and the healing effects seemed to be due to decrease in free radical generated tissue damage, promoting effects on antioxidant status and faster collagen deposition as evidenced biochemically and histology. © 2015 Gangwar et al.
Pharmacognostic evaluation and in-vitro antibacterial activity of Uraria Picta Desv. root
(2012) Shivani Ghildiyal; M.K. Gautam; Mayank Gangwar; G. Nath; R.K. Goel; V.K. Joshi
To explore a detailed pharmacognostic study of the root of Uraria picta Desv. (Family-Papilionaceae), a plant species which is commonly used in preparation of indigenous medicine. The macroscopy, microscopy, quantitative analysis, extractive values in ethno and qualitative phytochemical screening were investigated. Antimicrobial activity was performed by disc diffusion and microdilution method. Root occurs in pieces of varying size, thickness of 1 to 2 cm, gradually tapering, tough, woody and cylindrical. Transverse section of root shows 5 or 6 layers of thin-walled, tabular, regularly arranged cork cells; cork cambium single layered; secondary cortex composed of 4 to 6 layers of oval, tangentially arranged, thin-walled, parenchymatous cells, a few fibers present singly or in groups; secondary phloem composed of sieve elements and parenchyma. Secondary xylem composed of vessels, tracheids, fibers, crystal fibers and parenchyma traversed by xylem rays; vessel very few, mostly confined to inner and outer part of xylem; fibers similar to those of phloem fibers and arranged in close set. The extracts revels the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrate, flavonoids, tritepenoids, proteins, saponins, steroid and tannins. Ethanolic extract of plant posses significant antimicrobial property. The pharmacognostic profile of Uraria picta Desv. root is helpful in sample identification and purity standards.
Pharmacognostical Study of Hedychium Spicatum (Ham-Ex-Smith) Rhizome
(Elsevier B.V., 2012) Shivani Ghildiyal; Manish Kumar Gautam; Vinod Kumar Joshi; Raj Kumar Goel
Objective: To explore a detailed pharmacognostic study of the rhizome of Hedychium spicatum Ham-ex-Smith (Zingiberaceae), a plant species which is commonly used in preparation of indigenous medicine. Methods: The macroscopy, microscopy, quantitative analysis, extractive values in ethanol and water, phytochemical screening, TLC and HPTLC of aqueous and ethanolic extract and DNA fingerprint of the rhizome were investigated. Results: Rhizome appeared to be 15-20 cm long, 20-25 mm in diameter, light-brown with 4-6 nodules. Transverse section of rhizome showed an outermost thick layer of suberised, dark brown cells in outer cork with 10 or more layers of irregular parenchymatous cells. Inner cork consisted of a few layered light brown rectangular radially arranged cells, followed by a wide zone of cortex having 30-40 cell layers. Rhizome powder was light brown in colour, bitter having camphorous odour, and fibrous texture. Alkaloids, carbohydrates, proteins, resins, saponins, steroid, tannin, starch and glycosides were present in both extracts while, flavonoids and triterpenoids were present only in ethanolic extract. TLC, HPTLC and DNA fingerprinting confirmed the chemical composition present in rhizome. Conclusions: The pharmacognostic profile of Hedychium spicatum rhizome is helpful in sample identification, quality and purity standards. © 2012 Asian Pacific Tropical Medicine Press.
Pharmacological evaluation of Mallotus philippinensis (Lam.) Muell.-Arg. fruit hair extract for anti-inflammatory, analgesic and hypnotic activity
(eJManager LLC, 2016) Mayank Gangwar; Manish Kumar Gautam; Shivani Ghildiyal; Gopal Nath; Raj Kumar Goel
Objective: Recently, we observed wound healing activity of 50% ethanol extract of Mallotus philippinensis Muell. Arg (MP) fruit hairs extract (MPE). In several intestinal infections, localized inflammation is of common occurrence and hence we evaluated the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and hypnotic activity of MPE in different rat experimental models. Materials and Methods: Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by carrageenan (acute) and turpentine oil induced formalin (subacute) induced paw edema and while granuloma pouch (subacute) in rats. Analgesic and hypnotic activity of MPE was undertaken by tail-flick, hot-plate, and acetic acid-induced writhing tests while pentobarbitone-induced hypnotic potentiation in rats. Results: MPE at a dose of 200 mg/kg at 3 h after their administration showed inhibition of formalin-induced paw edema by 41.60% (P < 0.001) and carrageenan-induced paw edema by 55.30% (P < 0.001). After 7 days of treatments, MPE showed 38.0% (P < 0.001) inhibition against formalin-induced paw edema and reduced weight of turpentineinduced granuloma pouch by 29.6% (P < 0.01) and volume of exudates by 26.1% (P < 0.01), respectively. MPE (200 mg/kg) showed dose-dependent elevation in pain threshold and peak analgesic effect at 120 min as evidenced by increased latency period in tail flick method and increased reaction time in the hot-plate test while the reduction in the number of acetic acid-induced writhes by 45.7% (P < 0.001). The pentobarbitoneinduced hypnosis model showed potentiation, as defined by increased duration of sleep in treated group rats as compared to control. Conclusion: Thus, the study revealed MPE is effective in reducing acute and subacute inflammation and showed effective and similar analgesic activity. This seemed to be safe in the treatment of pain and inflammation. © SAGEYA.
Qualitative phytochemical and physiochemical analysis of Cassia fistula L. Fruit
(Indian journals, 2014) K. Agrawal; Apurva Joshi; Shivani Ghildiyal; M.K. Gautam; Mayank Gangwar; R.K. Goel; V.K. Joshi
The fruit pulp of Cassia fistula Linn. is known to have purgative properties. A specific process, i.e., keeping well ripe fruits buried within sand for seven days and then drying in sun prior to its medicinal use, has been mentioned in Charaka Samhita. To explore the effect of above classical processing, a comparative physiochemical and phytochemical evaluation of classically processed (PD) and non-processed (NPD) fruit pulp of Cassia fistula has been done together with HPTLC. Results of the study showed presence of alkaloid, glycosides, steroids, triterpenes, phenolic compounds, tannins, proteins, amino acids and carbohydrats in both types of samples. The extractive values of PD and NPD were 18.25 % w/v and 15.65% w/v, respectively. The difference in physiochemical analysis of PD and NPD was also recorded and the HPTLC of PD sample showed an extra peak around Rf 0.76 in comparison to NPD. These results signify appreciable changes in classically processed sample of Cassia fistula fruit pulp and provide scientific evidence for the classical processing. © 2014, IndianJournals.com. All rights reserved.
Studies on laxative effect of extract of dried fruit pulp of cassia fistula
(Natural Remedies Private Limited, 2012) K. Agrawal; Shivani Ghildiyal; M.K. Gautam; V.K. Joshi; R.K. Goel
Cassia fistula (CF) is known as Aragvadha (disease killer) in Ayurvedic classics and its sun-dried (SD) fruit pulp has been advocated for the treatment of constipation, fever, leprosy, diabetes, intestinal disorders and wounds. Present study includes the evaluation of SD and non-sun dried (NSD) fruit pulp of CF for purgative action in rat and acute toxicity in mouse. Aqueous suspension of SD and NSD were administered orally 60 min before experiment in rats and SD just before toxicity study in mice. Both SD and NSD in the dose of 1.0 g/kg showed an increase in the number of defecations and fecal output during 4 hour after treatment but stool was semisolid with SD and semisolid and watery with NSD. Both SD and NSD treated rats showed increase in the intestinal intraluminal fluid (ILF) accumulation and motility but the accumulation of ILF was less marked in SD group compared to NSD group. The stimulatory effect of SD on ILF accumulation and intestinal motility could be due to its predominant action on NO formation as only L-NAME a NOS inhibitor blocked both ILF accumulation and intestinal motility per se and in SD-treated rats while atropine (anti-cholinergic), loperamide (μ and k receptor inhibitor) and indomethacin (PGs synthesis blocker) partially blocked them. 10 g/kg oral dose (10 times of optimal effective dose) of SD did not show any acute toxic effect in mice. The result confirms the indigenous use of sun-dried fruit pulp of C. fistula in constipation.
Wound healing and antimicrobial activity of two classical formulations of Laghupanchamula in rats
(Medknow Publications, 2015) Shivani Ghildiyal; Manish K. Gautam; Vinod K. Joshi; Raj K. Goel
Background: Wounds affect a large number of patients and seriously reduce the quality of life. The wound as a medical problem was first discussed by Maharshi Agnivesha in Agnivesha Samhita (later known as Charaka Samhita) as Vrana. Laghupanchamula denotes a combination of the roots of five herbs. However, in Ayurvedic classics, besides four common herbs viz. Kantakari, Brihati, Shalaparni and Prinshniparni, the fifth one is either Gokshura (LPG) or Eranda (LPE), and both formulations have been documented to have wound healing (Vrana) activity. Objective: The present study was undertaken to determine the in vivo wound healing activity and in vitro antimicrobial activity of 50% ethanolic extract of Laghupanchamula containing Gokshura (LPGE) and Laghupanchamula containing Eranda (LPEE) in rats with acute toxicity in mice. Materials and Methods: LPGE and LPEE (1000 mg/kg) was administered orally, once daily for 10 days (incision wound model) or for 24 days (excision wound model) in rats. LPGE and LPEE was studied for its in vitro antimicrobial and in vivo wound breaking strength ( WBS) (incision model) and rate of contraction, period of epithelization and histology of skin (excision model). Results and Conclusion: LPGE and LPEE showed antimicrobial activity against skin pathogens, enhanced WBS, rate of contraction, skin collagen tissue formation and early epithelization period with low scar area indicating enhanced healing with histological evidence of more collagen formation in skin tissues. LPGE and LPEE also showed anti-bacterial activity and seemed to be safe, and use of both formulations in Laghupanchamula for their wound healing and anti-microbial activities is thus authenticated. © 2015 Journal of Ayurveda & Integrative Medicine.