Browsing by Author "Shruti Pandey"

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Advancement in sandhana kalpana and role of biotechnology: Need of research for diabetic patients
(BRNSS Publication Hub, 2018) Shruti Pandey; Anand K. Chaudhary
The diabetic population of India is increasing day by day. At the meantime, diabetic patients also adopt ayurvedic treatment for their other chronic ailments. Sandhana Kalpana, which deals with hydroalcoholic oral dosage form, has a number of formulations for various ailments in ayurvedic treasures. However, ayurvedic practitioners failed to prescribe this dosage form to the diabetic patients because of more percentage of sugar content in asava-arishta. Hence, there is need to replace jaggery from other carbohydrate sources, namely, starch and cellulosic material which produce less sugar percentage in asava-arista. As Saccharomyces cerevisiae directly ferment the sugar molecule into alcohol, but starchy and cellulosic feedstocks required specific treatment, before the fermentation process. Different researchers have been done which revealed that uses of engineered strains are helpful in direct production of alcohol. Therefore, it is required to change the feedstock and, respectively, the strain of yeast. Schwanniomyces castellii and Endomycopsis fibuligera are some of the available strains of yeast which when used with can transform the starch directly into alcohol. Further, researchers are needed to manufacture asava-arishta from these first and second generation feedstocks with the care that therapeutic value should not to be altered. © 2018 BRNSS Publication Hub. All rights reserved.
Characterization of Hg-based ayurvedic drug Kajjali: Classical and contemporary approaches
(Indian Academy of Sciences, 2018) Vinamra Sharma; Amiya K. Samal; Shruti Pandey; Anand K. Chaudhary; Rajesh K. Srivastava
This communication presents characterization of Kajjali, a mercury (Hg) based Indian traditional ayurvedic drug, by both ancient and contemporary methodology. For preparation of Kajjali, 225 g each of Shuddha Parada (purified mercury) and Shuddha Gandhak (purified sulphur), initially purified through traditional methods of purification as described in ayurvedic literature, were manually triturated using stone mortar and pestle until it became a very fine black coloured powder. This preparation process took up to ~78 h. Thereafter, Kajjali was characterized by classical and contemporary methods. Kajjali passed the classical tests like Rekhapurnatwa, Slakshanatwa, Nishchandratwa and Varitara. XRD study confirmed that Kajjali contains mercury sulphide (HgS), identified as metacinnabar (cubic form of HgS), in addition to free sulphur. Composition of Kajjali has been determined by EDXA method, which validated the presence of 88.84% mercury and 11.16% sulphur. SEM studies substantiated particle size distribution of Kajjali, which varied from 60 nm to 2 μm range. Such integration of classical and contemporary studies is important, because such vital medicines should be characterized properly for safety and efficacy before their appropriate use for diseases. © 2018, Current Science Association.
Chelation therapy and chelating agents of Ayurveda
(Medknow Publications, 2016) Shruti Pandey; Vinamra Sharma; Anand Kumar Chaudhary
Consumption of metals and minerals are very common in today's life either in the form of medicine or in the form of commercial products. However, the accumulation of free metals above the normal level in human body is the prime cause of metal toxicity. To remove this toxicity from human body chelation therapy is adopted by modern system of medicine, where different chelating agents are described. Chelation therapy is the preferred medical treatment for reducing the toxic effects of metals. Chelating agents are capable of binding to toxic metal ions to form complex structures which are easily excreted from the body removing them from intracellular or extracellular spaces. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and 2,3-Dimercaprol are some of the common chelating agents, which have been used for the chelation of lead or arsenic poisoning. However, serious side effects of these agents have been reported by causing the loss of essential metals and minerals from the body. This may lead researchers to develop less toxic analogs. In Ayurveda (Ayur = life, Veda = science; the science of life) system of medicine, metals and minerals in the form of medicines (Rasaushadhies) are frequently used to treat different diseases. Yet, the ancient scholars of Ayurveda while practicing came to know about the ill-effects of these medicines on human body which may be caused due to the use of medicines made from improper processed metals and minerals. At the same time, they advised to administer various natural substances in the form of antidotes such as honey, ghee, cow's milk, garlic, coriander, turmeric, and coconut water to remove ill effects or toxicity occurred from these medicines. These natural antidotes may consider as chelating agents of Ayurveda, which not only helpful to remove the toxic effects of metal and minerals without causing any side effects but also protect the loss of essential elements from the body. Thus, in this review study, we have tried to correlate the natural antidotes as explained in Ayurveda vis-à-vis with the term chelation or chelating agents of contemporary science.
Comparative evaluation of Ayurvedic nebulizing fluid for antihistaminic and antitussive activity
(Medknow Publications, 2017) Shruti Pandey; Vishva Shavaliya; Mukesh Naria; P.K. Prajapati
Background: Nebulizer is a drug delivery device used to administer medication in the form of a mist inhaled into the lungs. However, in Ayurveda, there is need of such types of dosage form which meet the need of hour. Hence, with this aim, an aerosol was prepared with the herbal ingredients of Shirisharista formulation, which is used in Tamaka Swasa (viz. bronchial asthma). In classics, Twak (stem bark) of Shirisha (Albizia lebbeck Benth) is advised to take. In this study, Sara (heart wood) and Patra (leaf) of Shirisha were also taken along with Twak with the aim to know that if Sara can produce more efficacious result than Twak. Similarly, Patra was taken to protect the plant from any destruction. Materials and Methods: The three samples of aqueous extracts were prepared with Twak, Sara, and Patra of Shirisha with the rest nine herbal ingredients of Shirisharista in each. This was modified by adding alcohol to obtain better therapeutic effects. This study was performed to evaluate antihistaminic and antitussive activity of an Ayurvedic nebulizing fluid (ANF) in Guinea pig and Swiss albino mice, respectively. To antihistaminic activity of three samples of test drug was assessed on isolated Guinea pig ileum and prepared according to the standard method. Antitussive activity was studied by inducing cough with sulfur dioxide gas (SO2) and followed by treatment with test drugs. Result: The result showed that stem bark aqueous extract showed the best antihistaminic and antitussive activity. Test drugs contain major active constituents from different plant sources such as pipperin and curcumin, which induces a cough suppressant pharmacological effect and represents an attractive approach through an ANF. Conclusion: The bark extract of Shrisha and other nine herbals showed maximum efficacy. This study clearly proof the fact of classics that Twak was used by ancient scholars is relevant to get the maximum efficacy. Thus, formulation and this dosage form may be useful to alleviating asthma.
Design and development of a poly-herbal spray formulation and its physicochemical and biological profiling: from classic to modern drug delivery system
(National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research, 2024) Shruti Pandey; Shardendu Mishra; Brahmeshwar Mishra; Anand Kumar Chaudhary
Many of the polyherbal formulations are described in ayurvedic classics for inflammation and pains. Among them rasna saptak kwath gives best therapeutic effect in clinical studies but palatable issue makes it less popular among patients. The present work emphasizes on the transformation of this classical formulation into more convenient and acceptable form for the patients without disturbing its efficacy. In the present study kwath was converted into mechanical spray form for pain and inflammation. The extractions of herbs were done by both classical and modern methods. The mechanical spray solution was prepared with permeation enhancer, humectant, in suitable solvent system. The spray was standardized on various parameters like viscosity, evaporation time, and spray pattern. Spray was also evaluated for in vitro drug release, anti inflammatory, analgesic and skin irritation study. In the result, the spray pattern was found uniform and evaporation time was 9.81±0.30 min. The fluxes for spray were found to be 2.82±.0.11 (µg/cm2/h). The kinetic model for spray best fitted to zero order permeation at a constant flux for spray r>0.98. The spray also provides good results in pain and inflammation. So, here is the possibility of replacing that sticky oil of Ayurveda with spray for good relief. The products show the path for a new generation of Ayurvedic dosage form, which has the bright future in this busy schedule of life where integrity of Ayurvedic medicines not hampered. © 2024, National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research. All rights reserved.
Gas barrier properties of polyurethane nanocomposites
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023) Shruti Pandey; Pralay Maiti; Karun K. Jana; Dipak Rana; Vinod K. Aswal
Polyurethane nanocomposites with varying concentration of different fillers are produced through hot melt extrusion by using nanotalc and Cloisite 30B as fillers. The TEM images show good dispersion of 30B while moderate agglomeration in nanotalc composite. The result is supported by the respective nanostructures (exfoliated in 30B vs. intercalated in nanotalc composites). A slight decrease in degradation temperature is observed but the nanocomposites are thermally stable upto 300°C. Permeability significantly decreases for nanocomposites. Young's modulus increases with increasing filler concentration while the toughness improvement exhibits a maximum at 4 and 6 wt% of 30B and nanotalc, respectively. Halpin–Tsai model is employed to predict the mechanical properties of the composites. The mechanical, thermal and gas barrier properties are better in 30B as compared to nanotalc nanocomposites, due to greater interaction in 30B nanocomposites evident from the large shift of peak position in UV–vis and FTIR measurements along with its good dispersion. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles incorporated bentonite clay for electrocatalytic sensing of arsenic(III)
(Springer India, 2016) Pankaj Kumar Rastogi; Dharmendra Kumar Yadav; Shruti Pandey; Vellaichamy Ganesan; Piyush Kumar Sonkar; Rupali Gupta
In the present manuscript, a simple and easy route to synthesize bentonite (bt) clay-supported gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) is reported (represented as Au-bt). Application of this new environmentally benign material in electrocatalytic determination of arsenite (As(III)) was studied. The successful synthesis and incorporation of Au NPs into the bt clay is supported by spectroscopic, microscopic and electrochemical methods. The synthesized Au-bt material was used to modify glassy carbon electrode (GC) by the evaporation of Au-bt aqueous suspension dropped on the surface of the GC (GC/Au-bt). Cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry studies of As(III) solutions were performed with this GC/Au-bt electrode which act as efficient platform for the electro-oxidation of As(III) to As(V) at a very low overpotential. Kinetic parameters were evaluated for the oxidation of As(III) at the GC/Au-bt platforms. A wide linear calibration range for the determination of As(III) from 1 to 1700 μM was obtained with high reproducibility and stability. A limit of detection, 0.1 μM was achieved with high sensitivity. Additionally, it showed a good selectivity for the determination of As(III) in the presence of copper(II) and other interfering ions suggesting a promising new route for trace level determination of As(III) in neutral conditions. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2016 Indian Academy of Sciences.
Toxicity of Bhasmas and chelating agents used in Ayurveda
(Springer International Publishing, 2018) Shruti Pandey; Anand Chaudhary
The use of metals in medicine is not new to this world. It has been used by both modern and traditional systems of medicines. Perhaps, the Ayurveda stood first for using metals in medicine. The Ayurvedic pharmaceutical processes are used to convert metallic properties of metals into medicinal properties defined as Bhasma in Ayurveda. If these metals in their ionic/metallic forms accumulate in body tissues, then severe damage and toxicity may occur. But Ayurveda acharyas proposed some therapy and agents like cilantro, boron, and garlic which were used to remove toxins, produced from intake of improperly prepared Bhasma. These so-called agents may be termed as chelating agents of Ayurveda because certain researches showed that these agents help to chelate metal ions from the body. These herbs have antioxidant property which helps to chelate these metallic ions as well as helps to restore the normal functioning of tissues. © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018. All rights reserved.