Browsing by Author "Shweta Gupta"

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A model-based approach to user preference discovery in multi-criteria recommender system using genetic programming
(John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2022) Shweta Gupta; Vibhor Kant
Multi-criteria recommender systems (MCRSs) provide suggestions to users based on their preferences to various criteria. Incorporation of criteria ratings into recommendation framework can provide quality recommendations to users because these ratings can elicit users' preferences efficiently. However, elicitation of user's overall preference based on criteria ratings is a key issue in MCRS. Even though several aggregation methods for the elicitation of users' overall preference have been investigated in the literature, no method has been shown the superiority under all circumstances. Therefore, we propose a model based approach to user preference discovery in multi-criteria RS using genetic programming (GP). In this work, we suggest three-stage process to generate recommendations to users. First, we learn user preference transformation function to aggregate criteria ratings by using GP, and then we utilize the preference function, so derived, for computing similarities in MCRS. Finally, items are recommended to users. Experimental results on Yahoo! Movies dataset show the superiority of our proposed approach in comparison to other aggregation approaches. © 2022 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antibiotic prescribing knowledge, awareness, and attitude of dental surgeons practicing in the urban Indian population
(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2021) Rathi Rela; Aarti Sejao; Ankita Singh; Prabhat Singh; Mukesh Kumar; Shweta Gupta; Priyadarshini Rangari
Background: Studies have reported that dental procedures may serve as a portal of entry for bacteria into the blood circulation, commonly termed as bacteremia which may inhabitate the heart and joints subjected to repair and replacement by prosthesis and may lead to complications in immunocompromised patients. Dental procedure may play a pivotal role in the development of infective endocarditis and infection around the prosthetic joint. Antibiotic use is suggested for all dental procedures requiring gingival manipulation or of the periapical region of teeth or mucosal incision in these patients. Objective: The present study has been conducted to inspect the antibiotic prescribing practices of general dentists among 250 dental practitioners. Methods: The study was conducted on 250 dental surgeons practicing in the urban Indian population of various parts of the country. A validated questionnaire was developed by a multidisciplinary dental and medical team and was circulated on the subject of the basic knowledge and awareness about antibiotic prophylaxis in susceptible patients. The data from the participants were collected, collated, and statistically analyzed. Results: The present study comprised 250 dental surgeons; 178 out of 250 were male, whereas 72 were female. Antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines were followed by 169 practitioners (67.60%), whereas 81 (32.40%) dentists did not follow any guidelines. Out of 169, 67 followed the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) guidelines (39.64%), 58 followed American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines (34.30%), whereas 44 followed general physician's guidelines (26.03%). On screening the underlying conditions for which antibiotic cover was prescribed, it was shown that majority of the dental surgeons did the same for patients with cardiac valve repair or replacement (230; 92%), followed by infective endocarditis (212; 84.80%); organ transplant (212; 84.405); diabetes (189; 75.60%); prosthetic joint replacement (150; 60%); and congenital heart defect (110; 44%). Conclusion: Patients should then be trained to perform meticulous oral hygiene and advised to schedule regular dental checkups to maintain optimal dental health. Dentists should use antibiotic prophylaxis in only conditions associated with a valid scientific basis and should follow the standard protocols recommended by the American Dental Association, AHA, or AAOS. © 2021 Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences. All rights reserved.
E-learning Enhancement, Status and Attitude of learners towards Teaching Learning during COVID-19 Pandemic
(University of Idaho Library, 2021) Shweta Gupta; Shriram Pandey; Sujata Gupta
The study explored the several dimensions of eLearning used by Indian Higher Institutions and presented insight into current eLearning pedagogy, infrastructures, services, and perceptions during the Covid-19 Pandemic.The study’s findings reveal that Indian Academic institutions are unwilling to shift to the online mode for teaching, learning thoroughly. Pandemic forced them to adopt the e-learning pedagogy and tools. A majority of users still prefer the traditional classroom environment as compared to eLearning. Email, social media, and other communications tools became vital today. Email, traditionally used as a communication tool, is now a key player in delivering educational content. Social media platforms have also become catalytic player. Web 2.0 technologies such as blogs, Wiki, chat rooms, discussion forums, and instant messaging are vital technologies to support eLearning. Videos conferencing tools such as Zoom, WebEx, and Google Meet boosted the delivery of online lecture in a live and effective way. © 2021
Harnessing drought-induced immune priming for intergenerational resistance to spot blotch in wheat
(Academic Press, 2025) Bandana Devi; Nidhi Yadav; Menka Tiwari; Shweta Gupta; Bhumika Chhodvadiya; Prashant R. Singh
Drought priming has proven to be an effective strategy in modern agriculture for enhancing crop resistance to pathogens. However, the biochemical and metabolic mechanisms underlying these protective effects under biotic stress remain insufficiently understood, offering a valuable opportunity for further research. This study demonstrates that drought-induced priming in wheat (Triticum aestivum) not only improves resistance to Bipolaris sorokiniana (spot blotch) but also transfers this protection to the subsequent generation (G1). Using growth metrics, disease assessments, biochemical analysis, and yield evaluations, we found that progeny of drought-primed plants showed enhanced defense responses under pathogen stress, despite no morphological differences in stress-free conditions. Significant increases in photosynthetic pigments-chlorophyll a (3.80-fold), chlorophyll b (3.27-fold), and carotenoids (2.69-fold) were observed, along with key stress markers like proline (1.78-fold), total phenolics (1.30-fold), and ascorbic acid (2.30-fold). The progeny also exhibited an 8.37-fold reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, indicating reduced oxidative damage. Under biotic stress, drought-primed progeny displayed increased activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (2.35-fold), catalase (2.48-fold), and ascorbate peroxidase (3.37-fold), along with upregulated defense enzymes like peroxidase (1.44-fold), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (1.97-fold) and chitinase (1.88-fold). These biochemical adjustments optimized resource allocation for both growth and defense. Additionally, drought-primed progeny showed improved yield performance compared to non-primed progeny under stress. Our findings highlight drought-induced intergenerational priming as a sustainable, chemical-free strategy for long-term crop protection, offering a path toward resilient crop varieties in the face of global climate challenges. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd
Mapping of research publication on eLearning in India during 2009-2018: A scientometric study
(University of Idaho Library, 2019) Shweta Gupta; Shriram Pandey
The study presents an outlook of publication trends of eLearning research in the Indian scenario during the last ten years (2009-2018.). The data collected from the Scopus Database using the specific query statement. A total of 8181 publications in different forms (journals article, conference papers, book chapters, etc.) were being collated, tabulated and analyzed and inferences were drawn for the study. Further, annual growth rate (AGR) of papers; most prolifically authors, institutions; most cited papers; h-index; and citation status has been provided. © 2019, Library Philosophy and Practice.
Perception and use of semantic and social features of digital libraries among library and information professionals and users: A comparative study
(University of Idaho Library, 2019) Shweta Gupta; Shriram Pandey
The paper identifies perception and use of Semantic and Social Features of the digital library among library and Information professionals (LISPs) and Users and presents a comparative study of their competencies in tune with the semantic and social features. As part of the survey of the special libraries in NCR of Delhi, the questionnaires and personal visit were made to 48 libraries (spread over 16 categories) to collect the primary data. The requisite data of 48 special libraries, were collected, collated and analyzed accordingly. The study has made clear that library and information professionals and users of digital libraries in SLICs have a fair knowledge and understanding of semantic and social solutions of the digital libraries. There are a lot of semantic and social features available in the digital libraries and there is an urgent need to increase its familiarity and use among LISPs and users both. The study hopefully has given to an understanding the semantic solutions for the digital libraries based on semantic web technologies and results of the study can be accepted as a pointer for further experiment and training to improve these features of DLs to a new height. © 2019, Library Philosophy and Practice.
Research publications and return on library investment: a study of the NIRF ranking university libraries in India
(Emerald Publishing, 2023) Pramod Kumar; Shri Ram Pandey; Shweta Gupta
Purpose: The study aims to investigate returns on investment (ROI) from the academic library of India's top ten leading university libraries in terms of research publication. Librarians help academic researchers in a variety of ways. Some of these methods are collection oriented, whilst others are service oriented. The study investigates many factors responsible for the increased or decreased institutional ROI, performance and research out of the institution, such as total library budget, staff, library collection, service and facilities. The ROI % shows the institution's highest and lowest investment return in research publication. Design/methodology/approach: The study is expiation about ROI from the academic library of India's top ten leading university libraries in terms of research publication. The study is based on primary and secondary data gathered from the Ministry of Education, Government of India and universities ranking in June 2020. The data were compiled from the ranking list regarding total library budgets, staff and research publications for 2017–2020. The research is limited to a ROI analysis of university libraries. The study should aid libraries in better understanding the idea of ROI in order to improve library services. The study then looked at various institutions' ROI from 2017 to 2020. Findings: The study aims to investigate ROI from the academic library of India's top ten leading university libraries in terms of research publication. This study investigates many factors responsible for the increased or decreased institutional ROI, performance and research out of the institution, such as total library budget, staff, library collection, service and facilities. The study found that the overall highest research output is by the Indian Institute of Science and the lowest by Jamia Millia Islamia among the ten leading university libraries in India. Originality/value: The ROI study displays the importance of libraries in terms of research publication of the institutions. This research can also support decision-making, library collection development and institutional library system analysis. The library can assist with publications, sponsorships, grants, finances and teaching enhancement research output. The last point justifies the library's increased importance in establishing an organisation's status and obtaining accreditation. © 2023, Emerald Publishing Limited.
Salt stress resilience in plants mediated through osmolyte accumulation and its crosstalk mechanism with phytohormones
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022) Pooja Singh; Krishna Kumar Choudhary; Nivedita Chaudhary; Shweta Gupta; Mamatamayee Sahu; Boddu Tejaswini; Subrata Sarkar
Salinity stress is one of the significant abiotic stresses that influence critical metabolic processes in the plant. Salinity stress limits plant growth and development by adversely affecting various physiological and biochemical processes. Enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced via salinity stress subsequently alters macromolecules such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, and thus constrains crop productivity. Due to which, a decreasing trend in cultivable land and a rising world population raises a question of global food security. In response to salt stress signals, plants adapt defensive mechanisms by orchestrating the synthesis, signaling, and regulation of various osmolytes and phytohormones. Under salinity stress, osmolytes have been investigated to stabilize the osmotic differences between the surrounding of cells and cytosol. They also help in the regulation of protein folding to facilitate protein functioning and stress signaling. Phytohormones play critical roles in eliciting a salinity stress adaptation response in plants. These responses enable the plants to acclimatize to adverse soil conditions. Phytohormones and osmolytes are helpful in minimizing salinity stress-related detrimental effects on plants. These phytohormones modulate the level of osmolytes through alteration in the gene expression pattern of key biosynthetic enzymes and antioxidative enzymes along with their role as signaling molecules. Thus, it becomes vital to understand the roles of these phytohormones on osmolyte accumulation and regulation to conclude the adaptive roles played by plants to avoid salinity stress. Copyright © 2022 Singh, Choudhary, Chaudhary, Gupta, Sahu, Tejaswini and Sarkar.