Browsing by Author "Somesh Banerjee"

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An insight into nanomedicinal approaches to combat viral zoonoses
(Bentham Science Publishers, 2020) Prasad Minakshi; Mayukh Ghosh; Rajesh Kumar; Basanti Brar; Upendra P. Lambe; Somesh Banerjee; Koushlesh Ranjan; Balvinder Kumar; Parveen Goel; Yashpal S. Malik; Gaya Prasad
Background: Emerging viral zoonotic diseases are one of the major obstacles to secure the ‘‘One Health” concept under the current scenario. Current prophylactic, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches often associated with certain limitations and thus proved to be insufficient for customizing rapid and efficient combating strategy against the highly transmissible pathogenic infectious agents leading to the disastrous socio-economic outcome. Moreover, most of the viral zoonoses originate from the wildlife and poor knowledge about the global virome database renders it difficult to predict future outbreaks. Thus, alternative management strategy in terms of improved prophylactic vaccines and their delivery systems; rapid and efficient diagnostics and effective targeted therapeutics are the need of the hour. Methods: Structured literature search has been performed with specific keywords in bibliographic databases for the accumulation of information regarding current nanomedicine interventions along with standard books for basic virology inputs. Results: Multi-arrayed applications of nanomedicine have proved to be an effective alternative in all the aspects regarding the prevention, diagnosis, and control of zoonotic viral diseases. The current review is focused to outline the applications of nanomaterials as anti-viral vaccines or vaccine/drug delivery systems, diagnostics and directly acting therapeutic agents in combating the important zoonotic viral diseases in the recent scenario along with their potential benefits, challenges and prospects to design successful control strategies. Conclusion: This review provides significant introspection towards the multi-arrayed applications of nanomedicine to combat several important zoonotic viral diseases. © 2020 Bentham Science Publishers.
Proteomics and Metabolomics in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
(Springer Singapore, 2022) Minakshi Prasad; Somesh Banerjee; Suman; Rajesh Kumar; Lukumoni Buragohain; Mayukh Ghosh
Cancer apparently seems to be incurable but a deeper introspection reveals other story. Cancer survival rate can be increased significantly with early detection and proper therapeutic intervention. It can be vividly justified by the fact that breast cancer survival rates in high-income countries have reached over 80% while it is nearly 50% or even below in poorer countries. The reason for such contrasting picture can be understood as effective therapeutic facilities are available in above 90% of the developed countries as compared to treatment availability in below 30% of poorer countries. Proper diagnostic facilities are also lacking as only 26% of poorer countries can offer public sector pathology services according to 2017 WHO data. Conventional diagnostic approaches usually rely up on the clinical manifestation of aberration symptoms for disease diagnosis which is associated with significant delay in onset of therapeutic intervention. This is fatal, particularly for cancer as it urges earliest detection, preferably before metastasis for effective treatment outcome. State-of-the-art high-throughput proteomics and metabolomics techniques can offer solution as they identify the disease-associated molecular signatures much earlier than the traditional methods. Further, high resolution, single-cell or even organelle level penetration, extreme sensitivity, considerable reliability, and automation render them as potential platforms for identification of novel therapeutic targets as well which can facilitate development of extremely precise target-specific drugs to overcome the systemic side effects of traditional cancer chemotherapeutics. Separation-based chromatographic and electrophoretic methods such as liquid or gas chromatography (LC/GC) or capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS), Fluorescence-based methods, Raman-based methods, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), direct mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) are the mainstay of currently available proteomics and metabolomics analytical platforms. Although the spatiotemporal analyte dynamicity; generation, handling, and meaningful interpretation of the large data in biological context; dearth of universal standardized analytical protocols and specialized databases are posing limitations but continuous efforts from several stakeholders throughout the world is progressively alleviating the hurdles for transition of these high-end techniques from research arena to the field of routine clinical cancer diagnosis and therapy. Relentless progress in sample handling methods, instrumentation, computational software and data analyses programs ensure intense prospect of the techniques in oncology arena. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Proteomics and Metabolomics in Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
(Springer Nature, 2022) Minakshi Prasad; Somesh Banerjee; Suman; Rajesh Kumar; Lukumoni Buragohain; Mayukh Ghosh
Cancer apparently seems to be incurable but a deeper introspection reveals other story. Cancer survival rate can be increased significantly with early detection and proper therapeutic intervention. It can be vividly justified by the fact that breast cancer survival rates in high income countries have reached over 80% while it is nearly 50% or even below in poorer countries. The reason for such contrasting picture can be understood as effective therapeutic facilities are available in above 90% of the developed countries as compared to treatment availability in below 30% of poorer countries. Proper diagnostic facilities are also lacking as only 26% of poorer countries can offer public sector pathology services according to 2017 WHO data. Conventional diagnostic approaches usually rely up on the clinical manifestation of aberration symptoms for disease diagnosis which is associated with significant delay in onset of therapeutic intervention. This is fatal, particularly for cancer as it urges earliest detection, preferably before metastasis for effective treatment outcome. State-of-the-art high-throughput proteomics and metabolomics techniques can offer solution as they identify the disease associated molecular signatures much earlier than the traditional methods. Further, high resolution, single-cell or even organelle level penetration, extreme sensitivity, considerable reliability, and automation render them as potential platforms for identification of novel therapeutic targets as well which can facilitate development of extremely precise target-specific drugs to overcome the systemic side-effects of traditional cancer chemotherapeutics. Separation based chromatographic and electrophoretic methods such as liquid or gas chromatography (LC/GC) or capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS), fluorescence-based methods, Raman-based methods, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), direct mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) are the mainstay of currently available proteomics and metabolomics analytical platforms. Although the spatiotemporal analyte dynamicity; generation, handling, and meaningful interpretation of the large data in biological context; dearth of universal standardized analytical protocols and specialized databases are posing limitations, continuous efforts from several stakeholders throughout the world are progressively alleviating the hurdles for transition of these high-end techniques from research arena to the field of routine clinical cancer diagnosis and therapy. Relentless progress in sample handling methods, instrumentation, computational software, and data analyses programs ensure intense prospect of the techniques in oncology arena. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022.
Wheatgrass extract imparts neuroprotective actions against scopolamine-induced amnesia in mice
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2022) Parul Katiyar; Aaina Singh Rathore; Somesh Banerjee; Sandip Nathani; Walia Zahra; Surya Pratap Singh; Debabrata Sircar; Partha Roy
The rich and diverse phytoconstituents of wheatgrass have established it as a natural antioxidant and detoxifying agent. The anti-inflammatory potential of wheatgrass has been studied extensively. However, the neuroprotective potential of wheatgrass has not been studied in depth. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective response of wheatgrass against age-related scopolamine-induced amnesia in mice. Scopolamine is an established anticholinergic drug that demonstrates the behavioural and molecular characteristics of Alzheimer's disease. In the current study, wheatgrass extracts (prepared from 5 and 7 day old plantlets) were administered to scopolamine-induced memory deficit mice. The Morris water maze (MWM) and Y-maze tests demonstrated that wheatgrass treatment improves the behavior and simultaneously enhances the memory of amnesic mice. We further evaluated the expression of neuroinflammation related genes and proteins in the hippocampal region of mice. Wheatgrass significantly upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of neuroprotective markers such as BDNF and CREB in scopolamine-induced mice. Simultaneously, wheatgrass also downregulated the expression of inflammatory markers such as TNF-α and tau genes in these mice. The treatment of scopolamine-induced memory impaired mice with wheatgrass resulted in an elevation in the level of the phosphorylated form of ERK and Akt proteins. Wheatgrass treatment of mice also regulated the phosphorylation of tau protein and simultaneously prevented its aggregation in the hippocampal region of the brain. Overall, this study suggests the therapeutic potential of wheatgrass in the treatment of age-related memory impairment, possibly through the involvement of ERK/Akt-CREB-BDNF pathway and concomitantly ameliorating the tau-related pathogenesis. © 2022 The Royal Society of Chemistry.