Browsing by Author "Sonu Singhal"

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Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Breast Cancer and Role of Plant Products in Targeted Therapy
(Elsevier, 2021) Sonu Singhal; Mala Singh; Rakesh K. Singh; Vinod K. Tiwari; Surabhi Bajpai
Breast cancer (BC), the leading cause of female mortality worldwide, is caused by multiple signaling pathways. This chapter discusses major pathways underlying the cancer pathogenesis, namely, Notch pathway, Wnt/β-catenin pathway, Hedgehog pathway, NF-κB pathway, receptor tyrosine kinase pathway, Ras/MEK/Raf/ERK signaling pathway, AKT/phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K) pathway, PI3Ks Class I, PI3Ks Class II and III, c-JUN NH2-terminal kinase pathway, heat shock protein 90 signaling pathway, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 signaling pathway, angiogenesis pathway, estrogen receptor signaling pathway, mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, and protein kinase C pathway. All these pathways are misregulated in BC conditions and their misregulation can be controlled by pharmacological inhibitors. Since chemical drugs or inhibitors may have some side effects and cancer cells may develop drug resistivity, a need for the study of medicinal plants, their extracts, and polyherbal formulae is warranted. Thus, this chapter is planned to focus on the various plants and their extracts that show remarkable anticancer activity. Further, it discusses about the role of pure phytochemicals like flavonoids, semisynthetic flavonoids and phenols, and polyphenols in controlling BC. This chapter will help to establish medicinal plant therapy as an effective alternative to improve the existing chemotherapy and to reduce drug-induced toxicity. © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Phytochemicals: targeting therapeutics in managing prostate cancer
(Elsevier, 2025) Sonu Singhal; Shreshtha Gaur; V. K. Tiwari; Rakesh Kumar Singh; Surabhi Bajpai; Goutam Brahmachari
Prostate cancer is a significant health problem worldwide, with 1,414,249 newly diagnosed cases and nearly 375,000 deaths reported annually in 2020. Family history and genetics are associated with an increased risk of developing the disease, and ethnicity, lifestyle factors, hormonal and genetic changes, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and biomarkers play important roles in detection and treatment. In addition to rectal examination and PSA testing, multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has proven to be a valuable tool for the local staging of this disease. This chapter is planned to focus on the different phytochemicals that show their remarkable therapeutic role in managing prostate cancer. This review highlights some selected phytochemicals in managing prostate cancer. © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.