Browsing by Author "Sunil Kumar"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 141

A Case of Vertigo with TORP in Inner Ear
(Springer, 2023) Ramraj Yadav; Rajesh Kumar; Sunil Kumar; Deepak Kumar Gupta; Vishwambhar Singh; Ashvanee Kumar Chaudhary; Sandeep Kumar Dubey; Satya Prakash Verma; A. Aruna
This is a case of a patient with history of ear surgery who visited ENT outdoor, for continuous vertigo which used to get aggravated with loud noise, associated with hearing loss, persistent sensations of right-sided aural fullness/pressure and otalgia for last 2 years. He had history of tympanoplasty with ossiculoplasty using a TORP. On exploration under local anesthesia there was a displaced prosthesis into inner ear, upon removal of which symptoms and severity subsided exponentially. © 2023, Association of Otolaryngologists of India.
A study of the mean kinetic energy of recoil ions from ion-charge-resolved electron spectra produced in 3.5 keV electron-argon collisions
(Elsevier B.V., 2019) Suman Prajapati; Sunil Kumar; Bhupendra Singh; Bhartendu K. Singh; R. Shanker
New experimental results for the dependence of mean kinetic energy (MKE) of argon recoil ions of charge state 1+ to 4+ on energy selected correlated Auger electrons produced in 3.5 keV electron impact with thermal argon atoms using TOF mass spectrometry and electron spectroscopy techniques are presented. Values of the MKE of recoil ions are deduced from the width of the TOF peaks. The measured average values of MKE of Ar+, Ar2+, Ar3+and Ar4+ recoil ions are found to be respectively 216 meV ± 5 meV, 247 meV ± 6 meV, 290 meV ± 7 meV, and 324 meV ± 8 meV in the electron energy range of 125–210 eV. The average charge state ratios (∑nσn/∑σn) of recoil ions have been determined to be 1.8, 2.4 and 2.0 in the electron energy range of 125–145 eV, 150–200 eV, and 200–210 eV respectively. For the investigated electron energy range 120–210 eV, the considered Auger transitions are found to dominate the direct ionization; for low electron energies (<100 eV), the direct multiple ionization dominates which has not been considered in this work. Survey of results obtained from the present measurements suggests that the MKE depends not only on the charge state of the recoil ions but also weakly on the specific energy range of ejected electrons in the considered collision reaction. Presently we are not aware of any theoretical calculations that can be compared with our results. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
Absolute double differential cross sections of bremsstrahlung produced from 4.0 ke V electrons incident on free ar atoms
(MDPI AG, 2020) Suman Prajapati; Bhupendra Singh; Sunil Kumar; Bhartendu Kumar Singh; C.A. Quarles; R. Shanker
New results are reported on the measurements of absolute double differential cross sections (DDCSs) of bremsstrahlung produced from 4.0 keV electrons incident on free Ar atoms in the angular detection range of 45°-120°. A significant reduction of the thick target bremsstrahlung (TTB) of the chamber wall and of the photon transmission windows has been achieved by modifying the experimental set-up used previously; a large reduction of TTB in the present experiments is supported by the results of our model calculations for the ratio of TTB background to the normal bremsstrahlung (NB) spectrum carried out for the employed geometry of the experimental set-up. The results of photon energy distribution measured at different angles and those of angular distributions of photons of a given energy are compared with theoretical predictions of Kissel-Quarles-Pratt (KQP) theory for ordinary bremsstrahlung and with predictions of total bremsstrahlung including polarization bremsstrahlung (PBS) of the stripping approximation (SA). A satisfactory agreement observed between experiment and predictions using SA theory for absolute DDCSs of bremsstrahlung provides evidence for an appreciable contribution of polarization bremsstrahlung at the considered impact energy of electrons on one hand, while on the other hand, it exhibits a large discrepancy (about a factor of 2) in DDCSs of bremsstrahlung photons obtained by experiment and by KQP theory for photon energy distributions at all detection angles measured in these experiments. In addition, present results of the angular dependence of photons of different energies show anisotropic distributions and they are found to be in reasonable agreement with both KQP and SA theories. The satisfactory agreement between experiment and theory for angular distributions is an indication of a significant reduction of the background produced from TTB photons. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Activation of defense response in common bean against stem rot disease triggered by Trichoderma erinaceum and Trichoderma viride
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2021) Sunil Kumar; Vaishali Shukla; Manish Kumar Dubey; Ram Sanmukh Upadhyay
White mold and stem rot is a common disease of Phaseolus vulgaris caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Biological control is a promising alternative for the control of this disease. In the present study, two Trichoderma spp., T. erinaceum and T. viride, and the consortium of both were evaluated as biocontrol agents against sclerotinia stem rot disease. The results revealed that T. erinaceum (NAIMCC-F-02171) and T. viride (NAIMCC-F-02500) when applied alone, significantly suppressed the infection rate of S. sclerotiorum and increased the rate of survival of plants by 74.5%. On the contrary, the combination of both the Trichoderma spp. was found to be more effective in reducing stem rot by 57.2% and increasing the survival of plants by 87.5% when compared to the individual Trichoderma applications. Further, the exogenous supplementation of Trichoderma activated antioxidative machineries, such as peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbic acid in the plant. Besides, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide-free radical accumulation were also found to be reduced when T. erinaceum and T. viride were used either individually or in combination under the pathogen-challenged condition. Additionally, the photopigments in the bioprimed plants were markedly increased. Moreover, the combined inoculation of the two isolates yielded the highest records of growth parameters (root weight, shoot length, and leaf weight) compared with individual inoculation. Therefore, based on the above results, it was concluded that the combination of T. erinaceum and T. viride can be effectively used as an alternative to control white mold and stem rot caused by S. sclerotiorum. © 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH
An experimental set up for studying the fusion edge plasma facing materials using TOF mass spectrometry
(Elsevier, 2015) Sunil Kumar; Pragya Bhatt; B.K. Singh; Ajai Kumar; R. Shanker
A new experimental set up is developed to study the fusion edge plasma facing materials under impact of low-energy (40-10,000 eV) atomic and molecular ions. The primary ions are obtained from a low-pressure D.C. gas discharge Colutron ion source. The product ions resulting from the ion-surface interactions involving different processes, for example, surface-induced dissociation (SID), surface-induced reaction (SIR), chemical- and sputtering are detected and identified by using a single-field linear time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer coupled with a time- and position-sensitive dual micro-channel plate detector. The mass spectra of secondary ions are recorded by employing a pulsed extraction and acceleration technique. The experimental set up, experimental technique and data acquisition methodology are presented and discussed. A test experiment is conducted on the developed set up to demonstrate the performance and reliability of the apparatus. For this, a primary beam of 427 eV N2+ ions was chosen to interact with a hydrocarbons covered surface of platinum target kept at room temperature. SID of N2+ into N+ and TOF mass spectra of sputtered, reflected and chemically formed ions from the ion-surface interaction are analyzed. A noticeable feature in the spectra is observed which shows that the odd-electron ions of sputtered hydrocarbons are preferentially produced in the interaction in addition to the other product ions. The nominal mass resolution (M/ΔM) of the present tandem mass spectrometer system is estimated to be about 600, while energy and spatial spreads of the primary ion beam are determined to be about 518 meV and 2.8 ± 0.3 mm respectively. The survival probability of the incident ions is found to be 6.6% suggesting that the major process of ion-surface interaction at the considered impact energy is neutralization. © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
An Overview of Micronutrients: Prospects and Implication in Crop Production
(Springer International Publishing, 2020) Hanuman Singh Jatav; L. Devarishi Sharma; Rahul Sadhukhan; Satish Kumar Singh; Surendra Singh; Vishnu D. Rajput; Manoj Parihar; Surendra Singh Jatav; Dinesh Jinger; Sunil Kumar; Sukirtee
Micronutrients are important for plant growth and they significantly play an important role in balanced crop nutrition. They are vital for appropriate growth and development of plants in their entire life span. A deficiency of any one of the micronutrients in the soil can limit the growth of plants, even when all other nutrients are available in adequate amounts. The deficiency of micronutrients is widespread in many areas due to the nature of soils, high pH, low organic matter, salt stress, continuous drought, high bicarbonate content in irrigation water and imbalanced application of fertilisers. In India, the most deficient micronutrient in the soil is Zn, followed by B. In recent years, the deficiency of micronutrient has risen to a great extent. Zn and B deficiencies are focussed mainly for their adverse impacts on human health and food production. This chapter attempts to examine the defects of Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, B and Mo deficiency in the soil and crops as well as the management of micronutrient deficiencies by way of fertilisation, development of agronomic strategies and creation of awareness of micronutrient dose. Deficiencies of Zn and B cause some severe complications in crop production in India. In view of the problems, we discuss the importance of micronutrients in agriculture and their roles and ways to improve crop productivity. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020.
Analytical solution of fractional Navier-Stokes equation by using modified Laplace decomposition method
(Ain Shams University, 2014) Sunil Kumar; Deepak Kumar; Saeid Abbasbandy; M.M. Rashidi
The aim of this article is to introduce a new analytical and approximate technique to obtain the solution of time-fractional Navier-Stokes equation in a tube. This proposed technique is the coupling of Adomian decomposition method (ADM) and Laplace transform method (LTM). We have consider the unsteady flow of a viscous fluid in a tube in which, besides time as one of the dependent variable, the velocity field is a function of only one space coordinate. A good agreement between the obtained solutions and some well-known results has been demonstrated. It is shown that the proposed method robust, efficient, and easy to implement for linear and nonlinear problems arising in science and engineering. © 2013 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.
Anti-filarial efficacy of Centratherum anthelminticum: unravelling the underlying mechanisms through biochemical, HRAMS proteomics and MD simulation approaches
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2024) Sunil Kumar; Ayushi Mishra; Surya Pratap Singh; Anchal Singh
Traditionally, Centratherum anthelminticum (CA) has been reported to be a potent anti-filarial, however no reports are available detailing its mechanism of action against filarial parasites. In this study, we have evaluated the anti-filarial activity of CA against lymphatic filarial parasites Setaria cervi using ex vivo biochemical, proteomics and in silico approaches. The motility and viability of the parasites decreased significantly after treatment with CA concentrations of ≥125 μg mL−1. An increase in lipid peroxidation (51.92%), protein carbonylation (48.99%), NADPH oxidase (88.88%) activity and decrease in the glutathione (GSH) (−39.23%), glutathione reductase (GR) (−60.17%), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) (−50.48%) activity was also observed after CA treatment. The proteomics analysis was performed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry (HRAMS). In total, 185 proteins were differentially expressed (DEPs) following CA treatment. The major DEPs were mostly involved in tRNA processing, biosynthetic processes, metabolic activities, protein transport, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, protein translation, and stress response. The UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of CA extract revealed the presence of 40 bioactive compounds. Further the docking analysis showed 10 CA bioactive compounds to have high binding affinity towards antioxidant proteins of filarial parasites. Additionally, MD simulation studies showed stable interactions (RMSF ≤ 10 Å) of 3-O-methylquercitin, quinic acid, gentisic acid, and vanillin with filarial antioxidant enzymes/proteins. To our knowledge, this is the first report detailing the molecular mechanism of anti-filarial activity of CA, which can be further evaluated for the development of new anti-filarial formulations. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Antibiotic resistance in major rivers in the world: A systematic review on occurrence, emergence, and management strategies
(Elsevier Ltd, 2019) Rachna Singh; Akhand Pratap Singh; Sunil Kumar; Balendu Shekher Giri; Ki-Hyun Kim
The occurrence of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in riverine systems has become a growing concern worldwide. Risk prediction of antibiotic resistance is difficult as the continuous addition of new antibiotics complicate the antibiotic resistome. As rivers flow with heavy antibiotic burdens, antibiotic resistance develops rapidly and disseminates into various environmental compartments. The analysis of antibiotic contamination-driven resistance in global rivers provides a clear picture of the consequences in the near future. In this review, an extensive literature survey along with the analysis on the relevant data was carried out to offer a better knowledge on the global trend of antibiotic resistance. Although the most common resistance was reported against tetracycline and sulfonamide class of antibiotics, the trend of resistance against advanced generation antibiotics such as β-lactam is alarming. Furthermore, non-therapeutic use of antibiotics as growth promoters has become more frequent than clinical use as a major driver of resistance dissemination. Mechanistically, integrons and mobile genetic elements are suggested as one of the important media for resistance gene transfer. Considering the significance of this emerging issue, special emphasis is placed on the sources, fate, and possible management strategies to mitigate the threat of antibiotic resistance. This review covers the environmental footprints of the antibiotic contamination-mediated emergence and dissemination of antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes in global rivers. As such, the distribution pattern of antibiotic contamination and resistance determinants in various rivers worldwide has been described with a note of its long term impact. The information presented in this review may be useful to policy makers, clinicians, and pharmaceutical companies to tackle the epidemiology of antibiotic resistance as a global threat. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
Awareness about cause and curability of leprosy among leprosy patients in Eastern UP
(Institute of Medico-Legal Publications, 2016) Sunil Kumar; S.S. Pandey; P. Kaur
To study the awareness about cause and curability of leprosy among leprosy patients. Material & Method: 251 study subjects were selected randomly attending the Skin & VD OPD of S. S. Hospital of IMS, BHU, Varanasi. Questions related to cause and curability were administered to leprosy patients aged 15 years or above by the interviewer himself. Result: Only 6.4% of patients identified the correct cause of leprosy. More than half of the patients (54.6%) identified that leprosy was a curable disease. Nearly one fourth of the patients had heard about MDT. Conclusion: IEC activity should be strengthened with emphasizing message that leprosy is curable and MDT is the only effective treatment. © 2016, Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development. All rights reserved.
Bacillus subtilis- and Pseudomonas fluorescens-Mediated Systemic Resistance in Tomato Against Sclerotium rolfsii and Study of Physio-Chemical Alterations
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022) Vaishali Shukla; Sunil Kumar; Yashoda Nandan Tripathi; Ram S. Upadhyay
The present study is a comparative study between Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) signaling and antioxidative enzymatic signaling and deals with induced systemic resistance (ISR) in enhancing the disease resistance in typical tomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum L.) infected by the collar rot fungus, Sclerotium rolfsii (Teleomorph: Athelia rolfsii) by priming with Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and their microbial consortia by a single strain of Bacillus subtilis, and P. fluorescens as well as by developed microbial consortium with both bacteria. Leaf samples were collected after different durations of pathogen inoculation, i.e., 1, 2, 3, and 4 days, and the systemic level of oxidative stress parameters, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), photosynthetic apparatus, superoxide radicals, and enzymatic antioxidants, were studied. Plant mortality under various treatments in two different seasons was calculated. The highest H2O2 was scavenged by the microbial consortium-treated plants (B1P1) and the lowest in pathogen-challenged plants (PC) compared to the untreated control. Cellular damage and reduction in the chlorophyll pigments were the highest at 48 h, and the photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm) was evaluated from 24 to 96 h; the lowest values were observed for pathogen-challenged plants and the highest for B1P1. Enzymatic antioxidants showed the maximum value for B1P1 and the minimum for PC compared to the unchallenged control. Furthermore, an analysis of variance and principal component analysis (PCA) were conducted to examine the effect of the evaluation time (ET) and inoculation conditions (ICs) alone and in combination (ET × IC) on the physiological and biochemical parameters; accordingly, the score and the loading plots were constructed. Tomato root sections inoculated with different treatments were observed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to validate the potentiality of primed biocontrol agents in controlling the invasion of the pathogen. Further studies on the potential of this isolate to enhance the plant growth at the field level would strengthen the possibility of using the isolate as an alternative for organic fertilizers and pesticides. Copyright © 2022 Shukla, Kumar, Tripathi and Upadhyay.
Binding efficiencies of carbohydrate ligands with different genotypes of cholera toxin B: Molecular modeling, dynamics and docking simulation studies
(2012) Mobashar Hussain Urf Turabe Fazil; Sunil Kumar; Rohit Farmer; Haushila Prasad Pandey; Durg Vijai Singh
Vibrio cholerae produces cholera toxin (CT) that consists of two subunits, A and B, and is encoded by a filamentous phage CTXΦ. The A subunit carries enzymatic activity that ribosylates ADP, whereas the B subunit binds to monosialoganglioside (GM1) receptor in epithelial cells. Molecular analysis of toxigenic V. cholerae strains indicated the presence of multiple ctxB genotypes. In this study, we employed a comparative modeling approach to define the structural features of all known variants of ctxB found in O139 serogroup V. cholerae. Modeling, molecular dynamics and docking simulations studies suggested subtle variations in the binding ability of ctxB variants to carbohydrate ligands of GM1 (galactose, sialic acid and N-acetyl galactosamine). These findings throw light on the molecular efficiencies of pathogenic isolates of V. cholerae harboring natural variants of ctxB in causing the disease, thus suggesting the need to consider ctxB variations when designing vaccines against cholera. © 2011 Springer-Verlag.
Biochemical changes, antioxidative profile, and efficacy of the bio-stimulant in plant defense response against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in common bean (Phasaeolus vulgaris L.)
(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Sunil Kumar; Vaishali Shukla; Yashoda Nandan Tripathi; Mohd Aamir; Kumari Divyanshu; Mukesh Yadav; Ram Sanmukh Upadhyay
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is a highly destructive pathogen with widespread impact on common bean (Phasaeolus vulgaris L.) worldwide. In this work, we investigated the efficacy of microbial consortia in bolstering host defense against sclerotinia rot. Specifically, we evaluated the performance of a microbial consortia comprising of Trichoderma erinaceum (T51) and Trichoderma viride (T52) (referred to as the T4 treatment) in terms of biochemical parameters, alleviation of the ROS induced cellular toxicity, membrane integrity (measured as MDA content), nutrient profiling, and the host defense-related antioxidative enzyme activities. Our findings demonstrate a notable enhancement in thiamine content, exhibiting 1.887 and 1.513-fold higher in the T4 compared to the un-inoculated control and the T1 treatment (only S. sclerotiorum treated). Similarly, the total proline content exhibited 3.46 and 1.24-fold higher and the total phenol content was 4.083 and 2.625-fold higher in the T4 compared to the un-inoculated control and the T1 treatment, respectively. Likewise, a general trend was found for other antioxidative and non-oxidative enzyme activities. However, results found were approximately similar in T2 treatment (bioprimed with T51) or T3 treatments (bioprimed with T52). Further, host defense attribute (survival rate) under the pathogen challenged condition was maximum in the T4 (15.55 % disease incidence) compared to others. Therefore, bio priming with consortia could be useful in reducing the economic losses incited by S. sclerotiorum in common beans. © 2023
Biodegradation of Reactive Yellow-145 azo dye using bacterial consortium: A deterministic analysis based on degradable Metabolite, phytotoxicity and genotoxicity study
(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Asha Lata Singh; Sneha Chaudhary; Sunil Kumar; Aniruddha Kumar; Achuit Singh; Akhilesh Yadav
Azo dyes are used at larger-scale as coloring agent in the textile industry. It generates a huge amount of dye containing wastewater and its toxicity threatens all kinds of life and also impacts human beings. At present, more impetus is being given to the biological treatment of dye effluent because of its azoreductase enzyme action to break down azo bond which leads to decolorization and degradation of dye. Bacterial consortium of E. asburiae and E. cloacae (1:1 ratio) was used for degradation and decolorization of Reactive Yellow-145 (RY-145) dye. The optimization of dye concentration, temperature, pH, and media has been carried out to determine the conditions required for maximum degradation and decolorization. The mixed consortium (10%) has shown 98.78% decolorization of RY-145 dye under static condition at 500 mgL−1 concentration, 35 °C and pH 7.0 at 12 h contact period. FTIR analysis showed formation of new functional groups in the treated dye, such as O–H stretch at 1361 cm−1, C–H stretch at 890 cm−1, N–H stretch at 1598 cm−1 and aromatic C–H at 671 cm−1 revealing degradation of dye. Biodegraded metabolites of RY-145 dye were identified through GC-MS analysis that includes 2-Cyclohexen-1-ol, 5-Nitroso-2, 4, 6-triaminopyrimidine, Octahydroquinoline-9-hydroxyperoxide, Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol, 9-Octadecanoic acid, methyl ester and Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, respectively which have industrial applications. Cyclohexane was used in gasoline and adhesive while Octahydroquinoline-9-hydroxyperoxide and 5-Nitroso-2, 4, 6-triaminopyrimidine were used in manufacturing drugs. Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol, 9-Octadecanoic acid, methyl ester and Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester are antimicrobial and antioxidant. Phytotoxicity test also showed non-toxic effects of treated dye on germination of Cicer arietinum and Vigna radiata seeds. Similarly, genotoxicity study indicated less toxic effects of biodegraded dye products on Mitotic index (MI) and cell division of Allium cepa. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
Biopesticides: Current status and future prospects in India
(Springer Singapore, 2019) Yashoda Nandan Tripathi; Kumari Divyanshu; Sunil Kumar; Lav Kumar Jaiswal; Atif Khan; Hareram Birla; Ankush Gupta; Surya Pratap Singh; Ram Sanmukh Upadhyay
For over a century, chemical control of pests is a common practice in agriculture. The average reduction in global crop loss due to use of pesticides is around ~39%. The postharvest losses and quality decline caused by storage pests are major problems in a subtropical country like India. So, the farmers have relied heavily on the use of chemical pesticides to improve their crop production, which is now paying a huge toll on the human health and environment. Though the chemical pesticides are very effective, what concerns over their use is their effect on soil and environment and presence of residue in food products. Another major issue is the development of resistance in the pests. Therefore, the use of biopesticides to control pests is now preferred over synthetic pesticides because of their pest control ability and diverse mode of actions which helps in avoiding resistance development in the pests. In a country like India with a huge diversity of plants, there is an urgent need for identifying new biopesticides which can serve the purpose of pest control. India needs to develop its own biocontrol agents (BCA) because it will be cost-effective and also environment-friendly. Major hurdle in the development and use of new biopesticides in India is the commercialization process. The farmers are reluctant to use the new products because of high cost and no practical knowledge. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020.
Biosynthesis and characterization of Ocimum sanctum green silver nanoparticles and unravelling their enhanced anti-filarial activity through a HRAMS proteomics approach
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2024) Ayushi Mishra; Sunil Kumar; Anchal Singh
The available anti-filarial medications are largely ineffective against adult filarial worms. Also, these drugs have several drawbacks such as toxicity and development of resistance owing to long-term usage. Green nanomedicine may offer better solutions for Lymphatic Filariasis treatment due to its tiny size, biocompatibility, and better penetration at considerably lower costs with higher therapeutic efficacy. In the present study, Ocimum sanctum silver nanoparticles (OSAgNPs) were bio-synthesized and their anti-filarial efficacy was evaluated against adult filarial parasites. The green nanoparticles were characterized by UV-VIS spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and TEM analysis. The OSAgNPs significantly affected the motility and viability of adult Setaria cervi parasites after 4 h of incubation at concentrations higher than 0.5 μg ml−1. Proteomics analysis by high resolution accurate mass spectrometry revealed that 213 proteins were differentially expressed following OSAgNP treatment. Mostly these DEPs belonged to the many biochemical and molecular pathways of parasites such as muscle proteins, antioxidant proteins, heat shock proteins, signal recognition proteins, and energy metabolism-related proteins. Undoubtedly, this study will open new avenues for the development of novel anti-filarial drugs based on green nanoparticles. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Brain MRI and cognitive evoked potentials in rural chronically undernourished children
(Elsevier Inc., 1996) U.K. Misra; J. Kalital; Sunil Kumar; H. Poptani; D.K. Agarwal; K.N. Agarwal
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and cognitive evoked potentials were studied in 21 (10-13 year of age) rural undernourished children (2 were female). 17 healthy age and sex matched volunteers. Their neurological examination was normal and all were right handed. Three undernourished and 2 control children had hyperintense signals on T2 in MRI. The anterior and posterior hemispheric asymmetry was less pronounced in undernourished children (P < 0.01). P3 latency although was normal but the amplitudes of P2 and P3 were higher in the study group in all derivations (P < 0.01). This is consistent with a compensatory phenomenon following earlier nutritional deprivation.
Cadmium induced changes in total starch, total amylose and amylopectin content in putrescine and mycorrhiza treated sorghum crop
(Technoscience Publications, 2019) Prasann Kumar; Anaytullah Siddique; Satyajyoti Thongbam; Prafful Chopra; Sunil Kumar
The current investigation was carried out to evaluate the ameliorative effect of polyamines and mycorrhiza in the induced toxic effect of cadmium at 30, 60 and 90 DAS old of sorghum variety CSV15. The significant hazardous effects and oxidative damage of cadmium nitrate (70 ppm and 150ppm) were evidenced by decreased content of total starch, total amylose and amylopectin content (mg.g-1 fresh weight). The reverse responses were observed by the application of putrescine and mycorrhiza dose on the plants. © 2019 Technoscience Publications. All rights reserved.
Calorimetric studies of crystallisation kinetics of Se75Te15-xCd10Inx multi-component chalcogenide glasses using non-isothermal DSC
(2010) Sunil Kumar; Kedar Singh; Neeraj Mehta
The crystallisation kinetics of bulk Se75Te15-xCd10Inx (x = 0, 5, 10 and 15) multi-component chalcogenide glasses have been studied using differential scanning calorimetry with different heating rates (5, 10, 15 and 20 K/min) under non-isothermal conditions. Various kinetic parameters of crystallisation, such as the onset crystallisation temperature, peak crystallisation temperature, activation energy for crystallisation and order parameter have been determined. The composition dependence of these parameters is explained in terms of topological models based on constraint theory. © 2010 Taylor and Francis.
Calorimetric studies of the glass transition phenomenon in glassy Se 75Te15-xCd10Inx alloys using the non-isothermal DSC technique
(2010) Sunil Kumar; Kedar Singh; Neeraj Mehta
Glass transition kinetics was studied in a glassy Se75Te 15-xCd10Inx (x = 0, 5, 10 and 15) system. Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) runs were taken at four different heating rates (5, 10, 15 and 20 K min-1) for this purpose. The heating rate dependence of the glass transition temperature (Tg) was studied using different non-isothermal methods. The activation energy of glass transition (Eg) was evaluated using Kissinger's relation and the theory of Moynihan. The composition dependence of Tg and E g is also discussed. © 2010 The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.