Browsing by Author "Suresh Kumar"

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Analogue and structure based approaches for modelling HIV-1 integrase inhibitors
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2023) Anurag Upadhyaya; Bhavana Panthi; Shubham Verma; Suresh Kumar; Satish Kumar Rajouria; Hemant Kumar Srivastava; Pranjal Chandra
A set of 220 inhibitors belonging to different structure classes and having HIV-1 integrase activity were collected along with their experimental pIC50 values. Geometries of all the inhibitors were fully optimized using B3LYP/6-31 + G(d) level of theory. These ligands were docked against 4 different HIV-1 integrase receptors (PDB IDs: 4LH5, 5KRS, 3ZSQ and 3ZSV). 30 docked poses were generated for all 220 inhibitors and ligand interaction of the first docked pose and the docked pose with the highest score were analysed. Residue GLU170 of 4LH5 receptor shows the highest number of interactions followed by ALA169, GLN168, HIS171 and ASP167 residues. Hydrogen bonding and stacking are mainly responsible for the interactions of these inhibitors with the receptor. We performed Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation to observe the root-mean-square deviation (RMSD), for measure the average change of displacement between the atoms for a particular frame with respect to a reference and The Root Mean Square Fluctuation (RMSF) for characterization of local changes along the protein chain of the docked complexes. Analogue based models were generated to predict the pIC50 values for integrase inhibitors using various types of descriptors such as constitutional, geometrical, topological, quantum chemical and docking based descriptors. The best models were selected on the basis of statistical parameters and were validated by training and test set division. A few new inhibitors were designed on the basis of structure activity relationship and their pIC50 values were predicted using the generated models. All the designed new inhibitors a very high potential and may be used as potent inhibitors of HIV integrase. These models may be useful for further design and development of new and potent HIV integrase inhibitors. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Band structure and shape coexistence in 56135Ba79
(American Physical Society, 2010) Suresh Kumar; A.K. Jain; Alpana Goel; S.S. Malik; R. Palit; H.C. Jain; I. Mazumdar; P.K. Joshi; Z. Naik; A. Dhal; T. Trivedi; I. Mehrotra; S. Appannababu; L. Chaturvedi; V. Kumar; R. Kumar; D. Negi; R.P. Singh; S. Muralithar; R.K. Bhowmik; S.C. Pancholi
Excited states of 56135Ba79 at high spins are studied using the reaction Te130(Be9,4n)56135Ba79 at 42.5-MeV beam energy. The earlier known level scheme is extended up to 6.4-MeV excitation energy and (37/2) spin with the addition of several transitions. We have performed polarization asymmetry measurements for some of the strong transitions by using a Clover detector to assign the parity. A comparison of experimental data with the results of tilted axis cranking calculations based on various configurations indicates the coexistence of multiple minima in the triaxial deformation (γ), whereas axial symmetric deformation (ε2) remains constant around 0.09. © 2010 The American Physical Society.
Band structure of 85Sr
(2010) Suresh Kumar; S.K. Mandal; A.K. Jain; L. Chaturvedi; Rishi Kumar Sinha; Dinesh Negi; Ankul Dhal; R. Kumar; R.P. Singh; S. Muralithar; R.K. Bhowmik; S.C. Pancholi
High spin states in 85Sr were populated using the reaction 76Ge(13C, 4n) at a beam energy of 52 MeV. Gamma-gamma coincidence measurements along with investigation of directional correlation ratios were utilized to establish the extended level scheme upto I π=(35/2-). One of the positive parity states observed at 3383.3 keV ((Iπ=19/2(+)) may be considered as a magnetic rotational (ΔI=1) band, the negative parity states built on 3028.0 level show an irregular behaviour and does not exhibit magnetic rotation. © 2010 American Institute of Physics.
Bandcrossing of magnetic rotation bands in Pr137
(2007) Priyanka Agarwal; Suresh Kumar; Sukhjeet Singh; Rishi Kumar Sinha; Anukul Dhal; S. Muralithar; R.P. Singh; N. Madhavan; Rakesh Kumar; R.K. Bhowmik; S.S. Malik; S.C. Pancholi; L. Chaturvedi; H.C. Jain; A.K. Jain
The odd mass nucleus Pr137 has been studied to high spins in order to investigate the magnetic rotation phenomenon in mass 130 region using the Sn122(F19,4n)Pr137 reaction at a beam energy of 80 MeV. A known ΔI=1 band has been extended to Jπ=47/2- with the addition of three new transitions. Directional Correlation of Oriented Nuclei (DCO) ratios and linear polarization measurements have been performed to assign the multipolarities of gamma transitions and the spins and parities of the energy levels in this band, now established as the M1 band. The combination of M1 transitions along with cross over E2 transitions have been observed in this band for the first time. The experimentally deduced B(M1)/B(E2) ratios show a decrease with increasing spin after band-crossing suggesting magnetic rotation. TAC calculations for the 3qp: πh11/2 ν(h11/2)-2 configuration reproduce the experimental observations in the lower spin part of the ΔI=1 band and the 5qp: πh11/2(g7/2)2 ν(h11/2)-2 configuration reproduces the ΔI=1 band at higher spins; the crossing of the bands based on the two configuration leads to a back-bending also. Theoretical calculations also support a magnetic rotation nature for both the configurations. © 2007 The American Physical Society.
Bergenin ameliorates cognitive deficits and neuropathological alterations in sodium azide-induced experimental dementia
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022) Rajeev K. Singla; Konika Dhonchak; Rupinder K. Sodhi; M. Arockia Babu; Jitender Madan; Reecha Madaan; Suresh Kumar; Rohit Sharma; Bairong Shen
Background: Bergenin, 4-O-methyl gallic acid glucoside, is a bioactive compound found in the cortex of Mallotus japonicus (L.f.) Müll.Arg. along with many other natural resources including that from Bergenia species. The present study delineates the neuroprotective potential of bergenin through the modulation of PPAR-γ receptors. Method: Dementia was induced in the Wistar rats by intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of sodium azide (12.5 mg/kg for the first 5 days followed by 10 mg/kg for the next 9 days). The rats were then exposed to the Morris water maze test to assess the effect on cognitive abilities followed by a series of biochemical and histopathological evaluations. Results: Sodium azide-treated rats exhibited a severe deterioration of memory as suggested by poor performance in the spatial learning task in addition to the enhancement of brain acetylcholinesterase potential, oxidative stress, inflammation, and amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation. Administration of bergenin to sodium azide-treated rats significantly recovered cognition and related biochemical variations. Further, co-administration of Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), a PPAR-γ antagonist with bergenin challenged its neuroprotective effects. Conclusions: The findings of our study exhibit that the cognitive restoration potential of bergenin may be attributed to its modulatory effects against cholinesterase, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers, as well as its neuroprotective actions, thus aligning it as a possible therapy for Alzheimer’s disease-related dementia. The study also fortifies the significance of PPAR-γ receptors in dementia. Copyright © 2022 Singla, Dhonchak, Sodhi, Arockia Babu, Madan, Madaan, Kumar, Sharma and Shen.
Exploring nutritional supplement use for countering respiratory tract infections through an X (formerly Twitter)-based survey
(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Rajeev K. Singla; Himel Mondal; Shailja Singla; Ronita De; Sahar Behzad; Mihnea Alexandru Gǎman; Siva Sai Chandragiri; Merisa Ćenanović; Jayanta Kumar Patra; Jennifer R. Depew; Boyina Hemanth Kumar; Abdulkadir Yusif Maigoro; Soojin Lee; Omar Mohammad Atrooz; Gitishree Das; Fabien Schultz; Emad M. Abdallah; Hitesh Chopra; Jamil Ahmad; Rupesh Kumar Gautam; Sourav Sanchit Patnaik; Goh Bey Hing; Smith Borakaeyabe Babiaka; Sharad Vats; Michael P. Okoh; Atallah F. Ahmed; Ankit Kumar Dubey; Ronan Lordan; Parasuraman Aiya Subramani; Amit Kumar Singh; José M. Alvarez-Suarez; Dinesh Kumar Chellappan; Shravan Kumar Paswan; Prabhakar Semwal; Johra Khan; Sadeeq Muhammad Sheshe; Neeraj Kumar Sethiya; Tomasz M. Karpiński; Muhammad Ijaz Riaz; Zahra Emam-Diomeh; Girish Kumar Gupta; Reecha Madaan; Suresh Kumar; Neeraj Choudhary; Salvatore Parisi; Harald Willschke; Vasil Radoslavov Pirgozliev; Rehab A. Rayan; Valentin Ritschl; Shaikat Mondal; Gokhan Zengin; Pritt Verma; Bhupinder Kapoor; Monica Gulati; Gareeballah Osman Adam Balla; Dan Khoa Le; Valeria Pittalà; Amr El-Demerdash; Garba Mohammed Khalid; Jesus Simal-Gandara; Qushmua E. Alzahrani; G. L. RUSSO; Kiran R. Kharat; Anupam Bishayee; Dongdong Wang; I. E. Orhan; Hammad Ullah; Michael M. Heinrich; Bikash Baral; Nikolay T. Tzvetkov; Andy Wai Kan Yeung; João Dias-Ferreira; Scarlett Perez Olea; Yugal Kishore Mohanta; Azazahemad A. Kureshi; Claudiu T. Supuran; Neeraj Rani; Rohit Gundamaraju; Eoghan Joseph Mulholland; Sara Di Lonardo; Albena T. Dinkova-Kostova; Elena Ma González-Burgos; Lucian Hriţcu; Pravin Badhe; Abhilasha Singh; Fuad Al-Rimawi; Antoni Sureda Gomila; Rambod Abiri; Nady Braidy; Lorenz Kapral; A. N. Abdullahi; Christhian Delfino Villanueva Medina; Helen Sheridan; Massimo Lucarini; A. Durazzo; Francesca Giampieri; Davide Barreca; Witkowska Anna Maria; J. C. Andrade; Carmela Fimognari
Background: Respiratory tract infections are a common health issue, driving interest in preventive strategies like nutritional supplements, while evidence on their usage and effectiveness remains limited. In this context, social media platforms, particularly X (formerly Twitter), provide a unique opportunity to gather large-scale public health-related data. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to survey participants’ uses and opinions on nutritional supplements in prevention or treatment of respiratory tract infections, by using X. Methods: A survey was conducted between 1st and 15th December 2022. A single open-ended question “Which are the best dietary supplements to counteract respiratory infections?“ was asked. One week after the start of the survey, a poll was posted to get more relevant information and boost the survey's reach. Total endorsements were calculated for each tweet posted as the total sum of replies, retweets, and likes. Results: The open-ended question received a total of 118 retweets, 39 quotes, and 371 likes, while the poll received 56 retweets, 13 quotes, and 67 likes. A total of 495 replies, 2,251 retweets, 5,118 likes, and 148 quotes were received for the question and its related tweets. Vitamin D (1,607 endorsements), zinc (1,347 endorsements), vitamin C (803 endorsements), magnesium (694 endorsements), and honey (661 endorsements) were the nutritional supplements that received most endorsements. Conclusion: Various foods, drinks, and natural ingredients have been suggested as potentially helpful for counteracting respiratory infections. Approximately half of respondents indicated using such supplements for themselves. The result of this study supports the idea that the X platform can be used as an effective survey tool to study global health-related behaviours and trends. © 2025 The Authors
Geochemical characteristics of Mesoproterozoic metabasite dykes from the Chhotanagpur Gneissic Terrain, eastern India: Implications for their emplacement in a plate margin tectonic environment
(Indian Academy of Sciences, 2012) Rajesh K. Srivastava; Anup K Sinha; Suresh Kumar
A number of mafic intrusive bodies (mostly dykes) are exposed in the Chhotanagpur Gneissic Terrain (CGT). Most dykes trend in ENE-WSW to E-W following major structural trends of the region. These metabasite dykes show granoblastic to grano-nematoblastic textures and contain hornblende, plagioclase, chlorite, quartz and epidote which suggest their metamorphism under amphibolite grade P-T conditions. Although no radiometric age is available for the metabasite dykes, field relationships with host rock and available geochronology on granitoids suggest their emplacement during Mesoproterozoic. Geochemical characteristics of these dykes classify them as low-K tholeiite to medium-K calcalkaline type. At least two types of metabasite dykes are recognized on the basis of their HFSE contents; one group shows entirely calc-alkaline nature, whereas the other group has rocks of tholeiite-calc-alkaline series. High Mg# observed in a number of samples indicates their derivation from primary melt. Multielement spidergrams and rare-earth element patterns observed in these samples also corroborate their derivation from different magma batches. Trace element patterns observed for Nb-Ta, Hf-Zr, Sr and Y suggesting involvement of subduction related processes in the genesis of CGT metabasite dykes. Perceived geochemical characteristics suggest that metamorphism did not affect much on the chemistry of metabasites but source region, responsible for the generation of CGT metabasites, was possibly modified during subduction process. This study suggests that magma generated in a destructive plate setting fed the Mesoproterozoic mafic dykes of the CGT. © Indian Academy of Sciences.
Geochemical characterization of the Paleoproterozoic (ca. 1.98-1.97) Darguwan-Surajpura mafic sills within the Bijawar basin, North-Central India: Genetic aspects and geodynamic implications
(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2021) Sangram K. Singh; Rajesh K. Srivastava; Suresh Kumar; Amiya K. Samal
The widespread records of mafic intrusives (both sills and dykes) are reported from the Proterozoic sedimentary basins of the Indian Shield. Amongst them, the Bijawar basin is also intruded by Paleoproterozoic (ca. 1.98−1.97 Ga) mafic sills. We provide first hand information on petrological and geochemical characteristics of these mafic sills together with a few NW-trending mafic dykes belong to the Jhansi swarm emplaced within the Bundelkhand craton, adjacent to the Bijawar basin. These Paleoproterzoic mafic intrusive rocks, i.e. sills and dykes, are believed to be integral parts of the Jhansi LIP, identified in the Bundelkhand craton. The studied mafic magmatic samples are medium- to coarse-grained and contain doleritic mineral compositions and textures. Geochemically, the mafic sill samples of the Bijawar basin, which belong to the Darguwan-Surjapura mafic sills (DSMS), are sub-alkaline basaltic-andesite to andesite in character. They are co-genetic in nature and show close geochemical similarities with a set of NW-trending mafic dykes (low-Ti) emplaced in the Bundelkhand craton. On the other hand, another set of NW-trending mafic dykes (high-Ti) of the Bundelkhand craton have distinct geochemical nature; likely to have different genetic history. The rare-earth element contents and trace-element modeling suggest that the DSMS and low-Ti dyke samples are likely to be derived from a melt generated ≥20 % melting of a shallower mantle source (spinel stability field), whereas the high-Ti dyke samples show their derivation from a melt generated through ≤15 % melting of the similar mantle source but at deeper level (garnet or garnet-spinel transition stability field); with a substantiate percentage of olivine fractionation of melts before crystallization. Their emplacement in an intracratonic tectonic regime and role of plume in the genesis of these rocks are suggested. The geochemical signature also indicates the role of an ancient (Archean) subduction event that has metasomatized the mantle before the cratonization. Their spatiotemporal correlation with other similar magmatic events of the globe indicate that the Bundelkhand craton was closer to the Karelia-Kola craton (Baltica Shield), North China craton and northern Superior craton, which could be part of the Columbia supercontinent, during its assembly. © 2020 Elsevier GmbH
High spin structure in 130,131Ba
(Springer New York LLC, 2014) Navneet Kaur; A. Kumar; G. Mukherjee; Amandeep Singh; S. Kumar; Rajbir Kaur; Varinderjit Singh; B.R. Behera; K.P. Singh; G. Singh; H.P. Sharma; Suresh Kumar; M. Kumar Raju; P.V. Madhusudhan Rao; S. Muralithar; R.P. Singh; Rakesh Kumar; N. Madhvan; R.K. Bhowmik
High spin states of, 130,131Ba have been investigated via fusion evaporation reactions 122Sn (13C,4n)131Ba and 122Sn(13C, 5n)130Ba at Ebeam = 65MeV. The level schemes of 130,131Ba have been extended by placing several new γ transitions. A few interband transitions connecting two negative-parity bands, which are the experimental fingerprints of signature partners, have been established in 130Ba. Spin and parity of a side band have been assigned in 131Ba and this dipole band is proposed to have a three-quasiparticle configuration, vh11/2 ⊗ πh11/2⊗ πg7/2. The observed band structures and nuclear shape evolution as a function of the angular momentum have been discussed in the light of Total-Routhian-Surface calculations. © Società Italiana di Fisica/Springer-Verlag 2014.
Impact of Altitude on Soil Physico-chemical Properties in a Topo-Sequence in Mid Himalayan Watershed: A Case Study from Dehradun District, Uttarakhand
(Springer, 2023) Uma Kant Maurya; Trisha Roy; Bankey Bihari; Madan Singh; Rajesh Bishnoi; Darshan M. Kadam; Lakhan Singh; S.S. Shrimali; M. Muruganandam; Suresh Kumar; S.K. Sharma; Rakesh Kumar; Anil Malik; Ramesh Verma
Soil properties are an outcome of the interplay between different soil forming factors and processes of which topography or altitude plays an important role. A study was conducted in the mid-Himalayan region to verify the impact of altitude on different soil properties. Geo-referenced soil samples were collected from 0–20 cm depth from the agricultural fields with an altitudinal variation of 760 m to 1170 m above mean sea level (amsl). Soils of the area were dominantly gravely sandy loam texture; moderately to highly acidic in reaction with low soluble salts and very high soil organic carbon (SOC) content. Soil fertility of the region was high in available phosphorous (P), relatively medium to high in available nitrogen (N), whereas, potassium (K) content was in medium range. Among the micronutrients, deficiencies were recorded for boron (B) and manganese (Mn), whereas, zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) content were high. It was observed that altitude had little/variable control over pH, EC, P, Cu, Mn, S and Fe distribution, whereas increasing trend of SOC, Zn, B, K and N content with altitude could be attributed to management practices and the effect of soil erosion and deposition at different altitude. The study indicated that the chemical and physical properties of soils were selectively affected by the altitudinal variations and are an important base for initiating scientific management of soil resources in the area. © 2023, Geological Society of India, Bengaluru, India.
Implication of land use shifting on land degradation and restoration potential of conservation agriculture in India's North-West Himalayan region
(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Saswat Kumar Kar; R.M. Singh; Sridhar Patra; M. Sankar; Suresh Kumar; Abhishek Singh
The soil organic matter is a crucial factor in determining soil characteristics and productivity; however various land management practices degrade or aggrade the soil health. The objective of this study was to look at the influence of land-use conversion on soil health by using the concept of stratification ratio (SR) of soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) and appraise SR as a predictor of SOC and TN stock and soil health for India's North-West Himalayan region. The research is oriented toward assessing the consequences of various land use regimes' impacts on SOC and TN depth distribution, storage, and stratification and, hence, identifying appropriate sustainable tillage techniques for the region. The research was accomplished in 2020–21 in the long-term experimental plot with four land uses, namely control [natural sal forest (Shorea robusta L.), conventional tillage (CT), reduced tillage (RT), and zero tillage (ZT)] in a rainfed system of north-western Indian Himalayas. A decrease of 79% in the mean weighted diameter of CT was observed after conversion from forest land to CT; however, the decrease was only 50% in the case of the adoption of ZT. Further, the surface soil (0–5 cm) SOC was significantly different from each other, with forest soil having the highest SOC (27.5 ± 0.21 g kg−1) and CT having the lowest SOC (11.0 ± 0.09 g kg−1). The stock of SOC and TN increased significantly with increment in soil depth, and among landuses, the highest SOM was observed with forest and the lowest with CT. Among the treatments, forest (56.56 ± 1.90 Mg ha−1) had significantly higher SOC storage than conservation agriculture (CA) (42.84 ± 0.27 Mg ha−1, ZT, and 41.41 ± 1.84 Mg ha−1, RT) and CT (41.33 ± 1.19 Mg ha−1) based on equivalent soil mass approach. For forest land use, except the surface layer (0–5:5–10), all the soil layers had SR >2, whereas, for ZT, the bottom two layers (0–5:20–25 and 0–5:25–30) had SR >2 and for RT, only the bottom layer (0–5:25–30) was having SR > 2. It was observed that the conversion of land use to CT reduced the SR of SOM drastically; however, by adopting CA, the SR had been restored to near normal in forest land use. The carbon pool index (CPI) was used to determine the effects of soil tillage and residue incorporation on soil quality improvement with respect to a sal forest. The CPI value increased significantly with an increase in soil depth for three land uses, and also, at each soil depth, the CPI followed the ZT > RT > CT trend. Thus, CA may be considered a viable alternative to CT for improving soil physicochemical parameters. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.
K-rich titanate from the Jharia ultrapotassic rock, Gondwana coal fields, eastern India, and its petrological significance
(2013) N.V. Chalapathi Rao; Anup K. Sinha; Suresh Kumar; Rajesh K. Srivastava
We report a rare accessory groundmass mineral of K-rich titanate, having a composition close to that of potassium triskaidecatitanate (K2Ti 13O27), from an underground drill-core sample of ultrapotassic rock from southwestern part of the Jharia coal field in the Damodar valley, at the northern margin of the Singhbhum craton, Eastern India. Potassium triskaidecatitanate is regarded as a typomorphic mineral of orangeites (Group II kimberlites) of Kaapvaal craton, southern Africa, and its occurrence in the Jharia ultrapotassic rock is significant since ultrapotassic suite of rocks elsewhere from the Damodar valley have been recently suggested to be peralkaline lamproites based on mineral-genetic classification. The important role played by a unique geodynamic setting (involving a thinned metasomatised lithospheric mantle and inheritance of an Archaean subduction component) at the northern margin of the Singhbhum craton in deciding the petrological diversity of the early Cretaceous ultrapotassic intrusives from the Damodar valley is highlighted in this study. © 2013 Geological Society of India.
Letters to the editor
(1994) B.K. Das; Suresh Kumar; M.R. Sen; O.P. Mishra
[No abstract available]
Perspectives of millets for nutritional properties, health benefits and food of the future: a review
(Springer Nature, 2024) Pardeep Kumar Sadh; Ajay Kamboj; Suresh Kumar; Prince Chawla; Ravinder Kumar; Baljeet Singh Saharan; Dharmender Kumar; Surekha Duhan; Manju Nehra; Chhaya Goyal; Basanti Brar; Seema Joshi; Joginder Singh Duhan
In recent years, the increased prevalence of diseases associated with altered lifestyles, poor diet, and related awareness of natural therapies to treat these ailments has emphasized the study of bioactive compounds and natural small molecules. After the COVID-19 pandemic, people have become more concerned with their diet and healthy lifestyle. We need to replace grains with fortified foods that can help us fight nutritional security and provide a disease-free environment. Millets are nutritionally better than other cereals for human health. Millets are gluten-free, high in fiber content, and rich in minerals. Fiber-rich foods have a low glycaemic index and can reduce the risk of oxidative stress and metabolic illnesses. The 2023 year was dedicated to the International Year of Millets (IYM 2023). Hence, Millet varieties contain a large number of bioactive products like protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, catechin, ferulic acid, sinapic acid, quercetin, apigenin, taxifolin, kaempferol, luteolin and myricetin, β-sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, and ergosterol etc. These bioactive compounds have potential health benefits, including various biological properties like anti-diabetic, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, anti-hypertensive, cholesterol-lowering, immunomodulatory, and antimicrobial properties. The fermentation of millet can have the potential for an upsurge in their nutrient availability. Therefore, fermented foods have attracted much attention because of their potential health benefits. This review primarily focuses on recent developments in millet as a food, nutritional, and bioactive compound. It can potentially boost health and has implications for various fermented millet varieties. © The Author(s) 2024.
Petrology and geochemistry of high-titanium and low-titanium mafic dykes from the Damodar valley, Chhotanagpur Gneissic Terrain, eastern India and their relation to Cretaceous mantle plume(s)
(Elsevier Ltd, 2014) Rajesh K. Srivastava; Suresh Kumar; Anup K. Sinha; N.V. Chalapathi Rao
The Damodar valley within the Chhotanagpur Gneissic terrain at the northern-most margin of the Singhbhum craton, eastern India, is perhaps the only geological domain in the entire Indian shield which hosts the early Cretaceous Rajmahal as well as the late Cretaceous Deccan igneous activities. A number of Cretaceous mafic dykes intrude the Gondwana sedimentary formations and are focus of the present study. One set of these dykes strike NNE to ENE, are very fresh and mainly exposed within the Jharia, Bokaro and Karanpura basins; whereas the other set of dykes (including the well-known Salma mega dyke) trend NW to NNW, intrude mainly the Raniganj basin and show meagre hydrothermal alteration. Majority of the samples from both these dyke groups display ophitic or sub-ophitic textures and are essentially composed of augite/titan augite and plagioclase. On the basis of petrographic and geochemical characteristics the NNE to ENE dykes are identified as high-Ti dolerite (HTD) dykes and the NW to NNW dykes are referred to as low-Ti dolerite (LTD) dykes. Apart from the first-order distinction on their titanium contents, both these groups also show conspicuous geochemical differences. The HTD dykes contain relatively high values of iron, and high-field strength elements than those from the LTD dykes with an overlapping MgO contents.Although available field, paleomagnetic and limited geochronological data for most of the studied dykes suggests their emplacement during early Cretaceous period (110-115. Ma), the Salma dyke, dated to be of Deccan-age at ~65. Ma, is an exception. Geochemically all the studied samples show an undoubted plume-derived character but their unequivocal affinity to either the early Cretaceous Kerguelen (Rajmahal) or the late-Cretaceous Reunion (Deccan) plume is not straightforward since they share bulk-rock characteristics of rocks derived from both these plumes. Even though, the spatial and temporal association of the mafic dykes of present study with the Rajmahal Traps are suggestive of their linkage to the Kerguelen plume activity, robust geochronological and paleomagnetic constraints are clearly required to understand the relative contributions of the two Cretaceous mantle plumes in the genesis of the mafic igneous activity in this interesting domain. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.
Polarization measurements and high spin structure in 131Ba
(2013) Navneet Kaur; A. Kumar; G. Mukherjee; Amandeep Singh; Varinderjit Singh; Rohit Sandal; Rajbir Kaur; B.R. Behera; K.P. Singh; G. Singh; H.P. Sharma; Suresh Kumar; M.K. Raja; P.V. Madhusudhan Rao; S. Muralithar; R.P. Singh; Rakesh Kumar; N. Madhavan; C.R. Praharaj; Z. Naik
The high spin states of 131Ba have been populated in the fusion evaporation reaction 122Sn(13C,4n)131Ba at Ebeam=65MeV. The γ transitions belonging to various band structures were detected using an array of fifteen Clover Germanium detectors. Some of new transitions have been placed in high spin states. Spin and parity for a band has been calculated for first time in 131Ba. The said band is interpreted in term of multi-quasiparticle configurations, based on Total Rothian Surfaces (TRS) calculations. © 2013 AIP Publishing LLC.
Potential and Risk of Nanotechnology Application in Agriculture vis-à-vis Nanomicronutrient Fertilizers
(Springer Nature, 2021) S.K. Singh; Abhik Patra; Yukti Verma; Arghya Chattopadhyay; Amitava Rakshit; Suresh Kumar
Nanotechnology had a wide potential of its novel applications in the fields of plant nutrition to meet the future demands of the growing population because nanoparticles (NPs) have unique physicochemical properties, i.e., high surface area, high reactivity, tunable pore size, and particle morphology. Management of optimum nutrients for sustainable crop production is a priority area of research in agriculture. In this regard, nanonutrition concerns with the provision of nanosized nutrients for sustainable crop production. The application of nanomaterials for delivery of nutrients and growth-promoting compounds to plants has become more and more popular and their utilization at the proper place, at the proper time, in the proper amount and of the proper composition affects the use efficacy of fertilizers. Using this technology, we can increase the efficiency of micronutrients delivery to plants. In the literature, various NPs and nanomaterials (NMs) have been successfully used for better nutrition of crop plants compared to the conventional fertilizers. This review summarizes the synthesis of nanofertilizers, characterization of nanofertilizers, NPs, and NMs as micronutrient fertilizers and describing their role in improving growth and yield of crops, uptake, translocation, and fate of nanofertilizers in plants and environmental hazard of NPs and NMs application. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021.
Process-based modelling of soil erosion: scope and limitation in the Indian context
(Indian Academy of Sciences, 2022) Saswat Kumar Kar; Suresh Kumar; M. Sankar; S. Patra; R.M. Singh; S.S. Shrimali; P.R. Ojasvi
The conservation and sustainability of natural resources, particularly soil and water, are crucial for agricultural yield and livelihood. Soil erosion models simulate the influence of existing farm management patterns as well as soil conservation interventions affecting soil erosion rates and accordingly recommend appropriate management techniques. The erosion models might be helpful for forecasting soil erosion, sediment load and evaluating the effectiveness of conservation measures. Although numerous empirical, conceptual or physical process-based models are used to study soil erosion, they differ in respect of input data requirements, representation of physical processes, sediment yield, and limitations due to their spatial and temporal variations. Due to limitations in empirical models in describing the erosion process, some process- based models may be used to quantify the state of soil erosion in a region. Before use, the available erosion models must be evaluated and validated for local circumstances. In this respect, the present study has been carried out to provide a critical review of various soil erosion models used worldwide, having different climatic parameters for determining soil erosion rate, run-off and sediment yield status. © 2022, Current Science. All rights reserved.
The effect of alkalinization of oral cavity by sodium bicarbonate mouth wash to decrease ventilator-associated pneumonia in traumatic brain injury patients: A prospective randomized controlled study
(Churchill Livingstone, 2022) Sandeep Loha; Suresh Kumar; Reena; Ghanshyam Yadav; Abhinay Jayanthi; Amrita Rath; Tuhina Banerjee; Ravi Shankar Yadav
Background: Traumatic brain injury is the leading cause of death and disability among trauma patients. They are often in need of mechanical ventilation and intensive care. Due to the lower immunity secondary to trauma, they acquire nosocomial infections quickly. Of them, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is very common. The microaspiration of the oral secretions containing the pathologic flora results in VAP. So, oral hygiene is of paramount importance. Various mouthwashes and rinses are available and are commonly used. We planned to compare the effectiveness of alkalization of oral cavity with 0.9% sodium bicarbonate on the incidence of VAP. Methods: After obtaining ethical committee clearance (IRB/Dean/2019/EC/1783) and written informed consent of the patient's attendants, one hundred eleven patients were randomized into two groups. Group CCC received 2% chlorhexidine mouth wash thrice daily whereas group CCS received 0.9% sodium bicarbonate oral rinse once with 2% chlorhexidine mouth wash twice daily. Our primary outcome was the incidence of VAP using the Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS) from day one to day five. Comparison of Quantitative bacterial load and oral pH on day 1, day 3 and day 5 was our secondary outcome. Results: There was no statistical difference in the incidence of VAP among both groups from day one to day five (p > 0.05). We didn't find any difference in quantitative bacterial load among both groups on days one, three and five (p > 0.05). There was a statistical difference among both groups on oral pH on day three and day five with group CCS having higher oral pH than group CCC. (p = 0.03 on day 3 and 0.01 on day 5). Conclusion: The alkalization of oral cavity with 0.9% sodium bicarbonate oral rinse along with 2% chlorhexidine mouth wash lowered the incidence of VAP as compared to 2% chlorhexidine mouth wash alone but the difference was not statistically significant. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
Unlocking the potential of oncology biomarkers: advancements in clinical theranostics
(Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2024) Ankit Kumar Dubey; Ishnoor Kaur; Reecha Madaan; Shikha Raheja; Rajni Bala; Manoj Garg; Suresh Kumar; Viney Lather; Vineet Mittal; Deepti Pandita; Rohit Gundamaraju; Rajeev K. Singla; Rohit Sharma
Introduction: Cancer biomarkers have revolutionized the field of oncology by providing valuable insights into tumor changes and aiding in screening, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment prediction, and risk assessment. The emergence of “omic” technologies has enabled biomarkers to become reliable and accurate predictors of outcomes during cancer treatment. Content: In this review, we highlight the clinical utility of biomarkers in cancer identification and motivate researchers to establish a personalized/precision approach in oncology. By extending a multidisciplinary technology-based approach, biomarkers offer an alternative to traditional techniques, fulfilling the goal of cancer therapeutics to find a needle in a haystack. Summary and Outlook: We target different forms of cancer to establish a dynamic role of biomarkers in understanding the spectrum of malignancies and their biochemical and molecular characterization, emphasizing their prospective contribution to cancer screening. Biomarkers offer a promising avenue for the early detection of human cancers and the exploration of novel technologies to predict disease severity, facilitating maximum survival and minimum mortality rates. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the potential of biomarkers in oncology and highlights their prospects in advancing cancer diagnosis and treatment. © 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH. All rights reserved.